Wang Pengyun

Wang Pengyun

Wang Pengyun (1849-1904) was named Youya and Youxia. In his middle age, he was called Bantang old man, also called duweng, and in his later years, he was called Bantang monk. Guangxi Lingui (now Guilin) people, native of Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Officials and poets in the late Qing Dynasty.

In the ninth year of Tongzhi, Wang Pengyun was a member of the government. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he was an official in the Department of rites. In the tenth year of Jianyuan, he was a senior official in the Department of rites. He left Beijing in the 28th year, went to Yangzhou main school, and died in Suzhou.

Wang Pengyun's Ci, together with Kuang Zhouyi, Zhu xiaozang and Zheng Wenzhuo, is known as the "four masters of the late Qing Dynasty". His works include Weili Ci and zhuweng Ci, which were later deleted as the final version of Bantang. Wang Pengyun once engraved Hua Jian Ji and Ci of song and Yuan Dynasties as Ci of Si Yin Zhai.

Life of the characters

Wang Pengyun: he was originally from Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Wang Yunfei, the ancestor of Gaozu, moved to Lingui, Guangxi. His father Wang Bida began to take the examination as a native of Lingui county. He has been a native of Lingui since then. Wang Bida has successively held the posts of county magistrate, prefect and envoy in Jiangxi, Gansu and other places.

He called himself Bantang old man, Bantang monk duck, duck Weng. At that time, I was not old. Why did I take the number? He said: "it is said in the ancient poetry that parents are here, and constant words are not old. Yu Yi is unfortunate. He lost his mother when he was young and his father when he was middle-aged. It's very sad. His heart is broken when he is not old. He calls himself an old man to remember my misfortune. " "I am the body of my parents. I have half of my father and half of my mother, so it's called Bantang." Wang Pengyun's beloved wife, Cao Shi, left before him. Although he had no heir, he didn't take concubines before his wife died, and he didn't continue after her death. It is said that Wang Pengyun once found a fortune teller to calculate his eight characters. After calculating, the fortune teller sighed: "the heart is high and the life is flat. It's half a monk's life." Wang Pengyun took banseng as his own name. An old man divined for him, saying "carved swan like duck", which means that he wanted to carve Swan but carved duck. Wang Pengyun said sadly: "I'm ashamed that I can't fly high in the blue sky like a swan, so I have to hide myself in the weeds like a duck, so as to make less trouble." So he took the duck Weng as another name.

In 1858, Wang Pengyun went to Jiangxi with his father when he was 10 years old. In 1870, he returned to his native place of Lingui to take part in the Guangxi provincial examination held in Guilin Gongyuan, ranking 28th. In the second year, he went to Beijing to test the Jinshi. After that, he stayed in the capital. In 1874, he was recommended by a friend to serve as a secretary in the cabinet. During this period, he failed in six scientific examinations. It's over thirty years since the last Jinshi was defeated.

Wang Pengyun served in the cabinet for more than ten years. In 1885, he was promoted to minister in the cabinet, and he successively went to the record hall. Guangxu 19 years (1893) granted jiangxidao to supervise the Royal envoy, promoted to the ritual branch to Shizhong, and transferred the ritual branch to Shizhong. He once wrote against empress dowager Xi and Emperor Guangxu's stay in the summer palace, asking to run a school in Beijing Normal University, etc. He also impeached important officials from princes to Weng Tonghe, etc. He supported and participated in Kang Youwei's reformist movement. Before Emperor Guangxu, Kang Youwei's memorials were mostly passed on by him. He repeatedly resisted and spared words, and almost died. In 1902, Wang Pengyun left Beijing and went south to live in Yangzhou. He was the master of Dong Xuetang and taught in Shanghai Nanyang public school. In June 1904, he died of illness in Suzhou at the age of 56. In 1906, his family escorted his coffin back to Guilin and buried it in the Wang family cemetery in the eastern suburb.

Main impact

Wang Pengyun was fond of gold and stone at the beginning, and began to concentrate on CI after 20 years old. He had outstanding achievements and high reputation in the field of CI. Together with Zheng Wenzhuo, Zhu xiaozang and Kuang Zhouyi, he was known as the "four masters of the late Qing Dynasty". Because of his strong advocacy of Ci poetry and his ability to reward the younger generation, the famous Ci Poetry scholars, such as Wen Tingshi, Zhu xiaozang, Kuang Zhouyi, etc. have all been enlightened by him. He strongly respected the style of Ci, advocated "emphasis, clumsiness, greatness" and "nature comes from pursuit", which made the theory of Changzhou CI school carry forward and have a direct impact on the contemporary CI school. Kuang Zhouyi's many important viewpoints in Huifeng Cihua are rooted in Wang family. Wang played an important role in the prosperity of Ci Poetry in the late Qing Dynasty.

In his early years, his Ci was close to Wang Yisun, and he mostly wrote about his life experience, such as "self portrait" and so on. From Jiawu to xinchou (1898-1901), he was an admonishment official and sang in harmony with Wenting style. He was quite sentimental, and his style of Ci was close to that of Xin Qiji. For example, Zhu yingtaijin's Ci Yun Dao Xi Gan Chun, Ye Jin men's Shuang Xin Cu, and Manjianghong's sending an Xiaofeng to serve the emperor and garrison the army's platform are desolate, solemn and stirring, and have a strong man's grip. His cooperation with Zhu xiaozang and Liu Bochong in the autumn poetry of gengzi also showed deep indignation at the decline of the country. However, his works more reflect the helpless lament of the declining trend of the Qing Dynasty. Some words use too many allusions, which inevitably become obscure.

Wang Peng used 30 years to collate huajianji and Ci of song and Yuan Dynasties as Ci of siyinzhai and 31 Ci of song and Yuan Dynasties, as well as Ci of Wu Mengchuang. He used the method of Sinologists to study the classics and history, to study the CI, to collate and to examine it, which is praised by scholars.

Historical evaluation

Zhu zumou: the source of Jun's Ci is Bishan, and he revives Jiaxuan and Mengchuang to restore the purity of halal, which is similar to Zhou Zhian's. (preface to the final draft of Bantang)

Ye gongchuo: Mr. you Ya is a pioneer of the GUI School of CI. He is poor and profound. He changes the society and leads the time. Qiang Cun Weng learned CI under the guidance of his teacher. Many mistakes have been made by Mr. Wen daoxizhang. In the Qing Dynasty, Mr. Yu was absent-minded in his poems about Dongpo, Pianyu and Bishan. (guangqizhongci II)

Qing CI Jinghua: Pengyun was the leader of the four schools in the late Qing Dynasty, inheriting the limitations of Jiadao and Tongguang, and initiating the reform of Tongguang. Wenting style, Zhu zumou and Kuang Zhouyi were all instructed by them.

Main works

His works include sleeve ink anthology, insect autumn anthology, Wei Li anthology, Ji Weng anthology, Ao Zhi anthology, Xiao Meng Kan anthology, gengzi's autumn poems, Chun zhe Yin, Nan Qian anthology, and his name is Bantang CI manuscript. In his later years, it was deleted as two volumes of the final draft of Bantang and one volume of the remaining draft.

Index of historical data

Pengyun is called Youxia, the old man of Bantang and the old man of jiweng. Lingui people. Tongzhi nine years, the province's rural examination. In the 13th year, the cabinet documents were distributed to the cabinet, and they were handed over to the cabinet. For a long time, he was promoted to cabinet minister. He has been on duty in the record hall, held wedding celebrations, won the three rank of laojia, and enjoyed the wearing of Hualing. In July of the 19th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he was appointed to supervise the censor of jiangxidao. He was ordered to inspect Zhongcheng and transferred to supervise the censor of jiangxidao. He was promoted to Shizhong and transferred to Shizhong.

In the spring of the 22nd year, Shangfeng empress dowager stayed in the summer palace. Pengyun wrote: "since the spring of this year, the emperor has been honoring the Empress Dowager to stay in the summer palace. In his spare time, the emperor has been able to enjoy himself day and night. When things come, the Empress Dowager can easily admonish him at any time.". It is necessary to believe in both benevolence and filial piety. Kuang Yu Yuan was in the imperial garden. His ancestors had a constitution. He was as ignorant as a minister. However, I think that the Empress Dowager will stay in the garden and take care of herself in good time. I sincerely hope that the people of the world will enjoy peace and harmony. If the emperor flies to the palace on the sixth day, he will have to take time to tide over the situation. I would like to offer my respects to the emperor. Since the establishment of the peace negotiation, the wealth and the people were separated, the enemy was arrogant and the country was humiliated, and they had been in Shengming cave for a long time. After reading Zhu Yu in April of last year, my monarch and my ministers should work hard with one heart and try to improve themselves. To the king's words. Today, it is difficult to achieve prosperity without holding on to hard work. It's the blessing of the world. In the past, Qinggong of Qi Dynasty was defeated by an, and returned to his hometown. He did not drink or eat meat for seven years, but returned to his hometown in Wuyang. If a husband drinks and eats meat, how can he get in the way of politics. Shi Chen's special description of the places where people are easy to ignore shows his boundless enthusiasm. Because of the wind, we don't have to conquer. Our neighbors are afraid of depression. Mr. actual effect, the reason is perfect. Madam love is not far, aid ancient can know now, and around Qi Yan, return to view can not Zi fear. I don't know that the emperor is in the palace and in the garden, working hard together. However, the pain of Chen's heart can not be fully understood by his subjects. As the court knows, foreign travelers can't see it all. I'm afraid that the morning and dusk of Wen Yi is the leisure of Chen you. How can it be used as a new way to observe and listen to the four directions? It's gradually coveted by outsiders in Du Dynasty. I also heard that the emperor's last return, the second night began to enter the forbidden gate, not only the stars and the moon, but also the holy bow was not overworked, and what is the meaning of sending the police into Bibi. It is not a prudent way to take advantage of public opinion. Today's Summer Palace is quite different from the Old Summer Palace. At that time, it was built in Chengping for more than 30 years. All the offices were built in the first place, and all the officials were waiting to leave. Although the minister only has a rest area, the little minister hesitates to go to the palace gate. He who stands out to wait for Dan knows nothing. And wearing clothes and interesting horses, one after another walking in the wind and dew mud, no matter what. As one of the nine classics, I wish the emperor could reach it. After reading the notes of the palace, Lishan was ordered to manage the Yuanmingyuan. The emperor returned the palace twice, but they all went to the palace to sit less. It was rumored that there was a repair. I think it's worth the hardship. I can't use the limited money to build the useless civil engineering. Moreover, the loan industry is expensive, so how can we get such a huge sum of money. This is not enough for the holy Ming care, but because of the theft of the minister has entered. At the beginning of Tongzhi's reform, the imperial garden was reproached by the war, but it was abandoned. It was not afraid to waste money. The purpose of Gai is to make the deep palace have no time to escape from the heart, and to show that he is weak at home and abroad. So within a few years, Haiyu was flat and his martial arts were excellent. In the past, I wish the emperor would remember the difficulties of the times and appreciate the virtue of hanging the curtain. Please stay in the summer palace for a few years. As soon as they are rich and strong, they will be ready to operate, and then they will continue to support Hu and Shan. Gai can be the first to worry about the world's worries and the second to be happy about the world's happiness. The so-called people who are supported by the world are not better than the emperor Longyu.

To be spared, to be added

Chinese PinYin : Wang Peng Yun