Wang Wei

Wang Wei

Wang Xun (Xun o) (September 22, 1450-april 14, 1524), named Jizhi, Shouxi, and zhuozuo in the late days, was called Mr. Zhenze by scholars. He was a Han nationality from Wu county (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province). He was a famous official and writer in Ming Dynasty.

Wang Wei has been studying with his father since he was young, and he is extremely intelligent. He can read classics and history at the age of eight and write poems at the age of twelve. At the age of 16, all the students of Guozijian recited their works. For Chenghua 11 years (1475) Jinshi, awarded Hanlin editor. During the reign of emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, he served as a scholar, a Japanese official and a right servant of the Ministry of officials. At that time, Wu Zong of the Ming Dynasty was the Minister of the Ministry of officials, and Han Wen, the Minister of the Ministry of officials, asked Wu Zong to punish Liu Jin and other "eight tigers", but it failed. He immediately entered the cabinet and worshipped the Minister of the Ministry of household and the grand Bachelor of Wenyuan Pavilion. The next year, Jia Shaofu, Prince Taifu and Wu YINGDIAN bachelor. Wang Zhen tried his best to protect those persecuted by Liu Jin, and repeatedly admonished Liu Jin. Finally, he resigned because he could not save the situation. After 16 years, he never came back. Jiajing three years (1524) died in 1975. As a posthumous title of "Wenke" and "Wang Wenke" as a gift to Taifu. Wang Shouren praised him as a "perfect man", and Tang Yin presented him with a couplet, saying that he was "the first in domestic articles, and unparalleled in prime minister Yamanaka."

Wang is erudite and knowledgeable, and he is well versed in Confucian classics. Be good at calligraphy and collect more books. It is the forerunner and model of the stylistic change between Hongzhi and Zhengde. His literary view of dethroning the floating and worshiping the ancient and his tendency of selecting scholars for classics and skills, which influenced the literary style of a generation. There are Zhenze Bian, Zhenze Ji, Zhenze Changyu, Zhenze Jiwen, Gusu Zhi and so on.

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Life of the characters

It's a long time ago

Wang Wei was born on August 17 (September 22, 1450) in the first year of emperor Jingtai of the Ming Dynasty. His father Wang Wan was the magistrate of Guanghua county. Wang Wei studied with his father when he was young. He was extremely intelligent. At the age of eight, he could read classics and history, and at the age of twelve, he could write poems. At the age of sixteen, he went north with his father to the capital to study in Guozijian. He wrote excellent articles. As soon as his works were published, the students of Guozijian vied with each other to praise him.

In the tenth year of Chenghua (1474), Wang Zhen won the first place in the rural examination.

In the 11th year of Chenghua (1475), he won the first place of Huiyuan in the ceremony examination and the third place in the palace examination. He was awarded the title of Hanlin editor and was famous all over the world.

In 1478, he was promoted to wenlinlang. In August, I went back to my hometown on holiday. Three months after arriving at home, Mu Ye Ru passed away, and Wang Zhen stayed at home.

In the 16th year of Chenghua (1480), Wang Zhen still stayed at home, studying behind closed doors and avoiding the powerful.

In the 18th year of Chenghua (1482), Wang Zhen returned to the imperial court and resumed his post as an imperial editor.

Admonish Xiaozong

In the second year of Hongzhi (1489), Wang Zhen participated in the compilation of the Ming Xianzong record. In the same year, he was promoted to Bachelor of science.

In August of the fourth year of Hongzhi (1491), the records of emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty were completed and promoted to youchunfang, youyude and shishujingyan officials. At that time, Emperor Xiaozong trusted eunuch Li Guang and played with him all day. Wang Wei repeatedly admonished him with the allusion of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty, which finally moved Xiaozong. At the end of the day, Xiaozong said to Li Guang, "the officials refer to you." When he chose the prince's subordinates, Xiaozong ordered him to take the post of Prince Yude, and soon he was promoted to shaozhan. He was recommended by Han Wen, the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, and was promoted to the right servant of the Ministry of official affairs.

Hongzhi seven years (1494), advanced Fengzhi doctor, youchunfang, youyude.

Hongzhi eight years (1495 years) in March, change Shi read bachelor, full day lecturer.

In March of the 10th year of Hongzhi (1497), Xiaozong ordered the revision of Daming Huidian, with Xu Pu as the president and Wang Wei as the vice president.

Hongzhi thirteen years (1500), into the Ministry of official right Shilang, still concurrently Japanese speaking official.

In 1503, Wang's father Wang Wan died, and Wang went back to his hometown to mourn.

In the 17th year of Hongzhi (1504), Zhen Ze Ji was compiled, and in August of the same year, Gu Su Zhi was revised.

Make up for the current situation

In April of the first year of Zhengde (1506), Wang Zhen was appointed as the left Minister of the Ministry of official affairs. He participated in the compilation of the Ming Xiaozong record and served as the vice president. At that time, Emperor Wuzong of Ming Dynasty was "good at leisure" and didn't ask about political affairs. Eunuch Liu Jin was in power and the administration of officials was bad. Wang Wei and Han Wen, the Minister of the Ministry of official, asked Wu Zong to punish Liu Jin and other "eight tigers", but failed. Soon after, Liu Jin joined the Department of rites, and Liu Jian and Xie Qian left one after another. Li Dongyang was the only one in the cabinet. Liu Jin wanted to introduce Jiao Fang into the cabinet, but Ting Yi only recommended Wang Zhen. Forced by the public opinion, Liu Jin ordered Wang Zhen to join the cabinet with Jiao Fang as a former bachelor. One month later, he was promoted to Hubu Shangshu, wenyuange bachelor, President of national history and Tongzhi Jingyan. In December, empress Wang, king of the Ming Dynasty, died. The imperial court was not sure what kind of funeral ceremony to hold. Wang said: "the imperial concubine was not abolished because of sin, but should be restored to the original title, buried according to the specifications of the imperial concubine, and sacrificed according to the specifications of the queen." Wuzong then ordered to stop the court and offer sacrifices according to the Queen's specifications.

In August of the second year of Zhengde (1507), jiashaofu was also the prince, Taifu, and the Bachelor of wuyingdian. He was still the Secretary of the Ministry of household.

In the fourth year of Zhengde (1509), the Empress Wu of Ming Xianzong died. Liu Jin wanted to burn her body and bury it in a hasty way according to the system of ordinary palace maids. Wang Zhen thought that it was impossible, so he was finally buried in Imperial ceremony. At that time, Shang Baoqing, Cui Xuan and other three people were persecuted and nearly died. Wang Zhen said to Liu Jin, "a scholar can be killed, but not humiliated. Now I insult Cui Xuan and try to kill him again. I have no face to stay in the cabinet. " Li Dongyang also tried his best to save Cui Xuan and others, so that they could be sent to the frontier without death. Liu Jin hated Han Wen, who had already become an official. She wanted to kill him, but also wanted to slander Liu Jian and Xie Qian. Wang Zhen and Li Dongyang tried their best to help each other, which made Liu Jin's plot unsuccessful. Someone slandered Yang Yiqing in front of Liu Jin, saying that he wasted military supplies by building side walls. Wang Wei argued: "Yang Yiqing mended the border for the country. How can he take merit as a crime?" Liu Jin is angry with Liu Daxia, Minister of the Ministry of war, and takes him to the capital city to be sentenced to death on the charge of upheaval. Wang Wei argued: "Cen Meng is just procrastinating. How can it be called radical change if he doesn't rebel?"

resolutely to retire at the height of one 's official career

At that time, Liu Jin's power was tilted to the inside and outside of the court. At first, Wang Zhen openly admonished Liu Jin, and Liu Jin sometimes accepted it. However, Jiao Fang was devoted to flattery, Liu Jin was more dictatorial, and the literati suffered a lot. Wang could not be saved, so he tried to resign and return home. In May of the fourth year of Zhengde (1509), he applied for resignation three times before he was approved. Wu Zong gave him seals and chariots, and the relevant departments provided food and slaves according to the old rules. In the 16th year of Wang's residence, the court officials recommended each other and refused to return.

Shou Fu Kang Ning

In the fifth year of Zhengde (1510), the real records of emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty was completed. Wang Zhen was awarded 52 Platinum medals for his participation in the compilation.

In the eighth year of Zhengde (1513), Wang Zhen compiled Zhenze Jiwen.

In 1515, Wang Wei wrote Zhenze Changyu.

In 1517, Wang Zhen compiled Zhenze anthology.

In April 1521, eight people, including Wang Wei and his corporal Zhu Yunming, had a banquet in the pool Pavilion of yilaoyuan, and wrote a poem.

In the first year of Jiajing (1522), Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Houfu ascended the throne. He sent Ke Weixiong, a pedestrian, to express his sympathy to Wang, and gave him goat wine to show his good family. Wang Shangshu expressed his thanks and presented lectures and politics to Emperor Shizong in return. One of his sons was a scholar of Zhongshu.

In the third year of Jiajing (1524), Emperor Shizong ordered the relevant departments to express sympathy to Wang. On March 11 (April 14) of the same year, Wang died at home at the age of 75. After hearing the news, Emperor Shizong stopped the reign one day and gave him 50 pieces of linen, 50 pieces of rice and 50 stones. He ordered the nine altars to be sacrificed and ordered the Ministry of industry to send people to attend the funeral. The posthumous title is Wenke.

On the first day of the first month of the fourth year of Jiajing (1525), he was buried in the east mountain of Dongting.

Main achievements

Politics

In the face of the reality of frequent border troubles and weakening national power since the Ming Dynasty was orthodox, Wang Zhen put forward his own eight strategies to govern the border in his shangbianyi eight affairs, which were determined by the temple, valued the generals, strict laws and regulations, sympathized with the border people, widely recruited, used the room, divided the troops, and surprised. He was deeply worried about Wuzong's "misfortune and disorder of government, unclear merits and crimes, no special appointment, no laws and regulations, and empty borders", and hoped that Wuzong would "work hard.".

In the face of Wu Zong's favoring eunuchs, wantonness, especially Liu Jin's "eight tigers", Wang Zhen and Han Wen dare to commit adultery. However, the incident was eventually reversed because the "eight tigers" begged Wu Zong for his life. As a result, Liu Jin was in charge of the ritual supervisor, Liu Jian and Xie Qian were forced to serve as officials, and 53 people, including Liu, Xie and Han, were falsely accused of forming a party. Later, Han Wen was arrested in the royal guards' prison, Liu and Xie were cut off, and then they were granted the imperial edict. In this struggle, however, Wang entered the cabinet. Although he had to serve as an official again in April of the fourth year of Zhengde, he got a good death. At the beginning of Jiajing period, he once said in Xie Cun Wen Shu: "it's worth rebelling against Jin, stealing politics, playing tricks on Wei Fu. The officials can't be depressed, and they are not good at cunning, so they have to beg for help and retreat." In my life, he wrote: "Wei SHUNQI is spoiled and humiliated, and it's better to have no ugliness in mind. We won't be surprised when we got it, but we didn't regret when we lost it. " It can be seen from this that Wang Wei was able to govern and had a sense of justice, but his philosophy of self-defense was still very obvious.

After returning to his hometown, Wang Wei witnessed the hardship of Wu Zhong's heavy Fu, and wrote the book of Wu Zhong's taxes and Governor Li Sikong. He incisively analyzed the formation, development, current situation and Countermeasures of Wu Zhong's heavy Fu, and became an immortal masterpiece, providing authoritative basis for scholars to study Wu Zhong's heavy Fu in Ming Dynasty.

literature

Wang is erudite and good at identifying talents. His articles are elegant and upright, and his talks are clear and fluent. In his later years, Wang Shouren wrote an article on good nature

Chinese PinYin : Wang Ao