Guangxu reign period

Guangxu reign period

Guangxu is the penultimate year of the Qing Dynasty.

The eleventh emperor and the ninth emperor after the Qing army entered the pass, Emperor Aixinjueluo zaitan (August 14, 1871 - November 14, 1908) always used the "Guangxu" chronology during his reign, starting from February 20, 1875 when he ascended the throne to October 21, 1908 when he died The Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, the reform movement of 1898, the coup of 1898 and the national coup of gengzi.

On December 2, 1908 (November 9, the 34th year of Guangxu), Puyi ascended the throne, using the "Guangxu" year until January 21, 1909 (December 30, the 34th year of Guangxu). The next day, January 22, 1909, was the first day of the first month of the first year of Xuantong.

Tongzhi and Guangxu dynasties are often referred to as the two dynasties

“

Tongguang

”

Like the light body, Tongguang Zhongxing.

The reigning emperor

Aixinjueluo zaitan, Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, was the eleventh emperor of Qing Dynasty. Born on August 14, 1871, he ascended the throne on February 25, 1875. At first, Empress Dowager Ci'an and Empress Dowager Cixi listened to the government behind the curtain. After empress dowager Ci'an died in the seventh year of Guangxu, she was ruled by Empress Dowager Cixi's palace until Emperor Guangxu was 18 years old. After that, although the government was nominally vested in Emperor Guangxu, the power was still in Empress Dowager Cixi's hands.

Emperor Guangxu was coerced by Empress Dowager Cixi in his whole life, but he did not have real power. In 1898, Emperor Guangxu carried out the reform movement of 1898, but it was resisted by the Conservatives headed by Empress Dowager Cixi. Emperor Guangxu was imprisoned in Yingtai, Zhongnanhai by Cixi. The whole reform lasted only 103 days, so it was called "100 day reform". On November 14, 1908, Emperor Guangxu died the day before Empress Dowager Cixi died. At the age of 38, he was buried in qingchong Mausoleum of the Western Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty.

On December 2, 1908, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Aixinjueluo Puyi, ascended the throne. He followed the "Guangxu" chronology until January 21, 1909, and the next day was the first day of the first month of the first year of Xuantong.

Chronology of Events

At the end of the third year (January 2, 1878), Zuo Zongtang successfully recovered Xinjiang. (the battle of the Qing army to recover Xinjiang)

March, 1881 - Empress of emperor Xianfeng

Empress xiaozhenxian（

Empress Dowager Ci'an

）Hong Shi

. In the same year, Zeng Jize signed the Treaty of Ili between China and Russia with representatives of tsarist Russia.

Ten years (1884) - Xinjiang Province, Liu Jintang became the first governor. In the same year, Jiashen Yishu, Prince Gong Yixin and Baozhen were dismissed, and the Sino French war broke out.

In 1885, the Sino French war ended and Li Hongzhang signed the Sino French new treaty. In the same year, Taiwan set up a province, and Liu Mingchuan became the first governor.

In 1888, Emperor Guangxu got married and Beiyang navy was founded.

In 1889, Emperor Guangxu was in charge.

Twenty years (1894) - the Sino Japanese war broke out, and the Qing army lost in the Sino Japanese sea war and the battle of Pyongyang.

Twenty one years (1895) - the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed and written by Shizi bus.

Twenty four years (1898) - the reform movement of 1898, also known as the hundred day reform, was a bourgeois reform movement carried out by Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao and other reformers through Emperor Guangxu. In the same year, Empress Dowager Cixi and others launched the coup of 1898, six gentlemen were killed, and Emperor Guangxu was imprisoned in Yingtai.

Twenty five years (1899) - the rise of the Boxer Movement.

In 1900, after the gengzi incident, the Eight Allied forces occupied the Forbidden City, and Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi fled to the West.

In 1901, the Treaty of xinchou was signed. In the same year, Li Hongzhang died of illness. In the same year, the new deal was launched in the late Qing Dynasty.

In 1905, Shanghai Nanjing railway and Ping Sui railway were built.

In 1906, the Qing government prepared for constitutional reform.

In 1908, Emperor Guangxu died.

Comparison table of year number chronology and Gregorian calendar chronology

Spring and winter solstice

Year number of the same period

Yongqing (1895): the year of the democratic state of Taiwan.

Daming state (1902): the year of Hong Quanfu.

Hande (1906): the year of Gong Chuntai.

Meiji (1868-1912): Japan - the year of Meiji emperor.

The founding of Korea (1894-1895) was the year of Gaozong.

Jianyang (1896-1897) was the year of Gaozong, the state of Korea.

Guangwu (1897-1907) was the name of Emperor Gaozong of the Korean empire.

Longxi (1907-1910), the Korean Empire - chunzong year.

Side (1848-1883): the year names of side, Yude and Xiehe in the Nguyen Dynasty of Vietnam.

Jianfu (1884): the year of Jianfu emperor in Nguyen Dynasty of Vietnam.

Xianyi (1885): the year of Xianyi emperor in Nguyen Dynasty of Vietnam.

Tongqing (1885-1888): the year of Tongqing emperor of Nguyen Dynasty in Vietnam.

Chengtai (1889-1907): the name of emperor Chengtai in the Nguyen Dynasty of Vietnam.

Restoration (1907-1916): the year of the restoration emperor of the Nguyen Dynasty in Vietnam.

Comparison with Japanese year number

Throughout the Guangxu Dynasty, Japan used the year of Meiji and the Gregorian calendar.

Chinese PinYin : Guang Xu