Wang Lu

Wang Lu

Wang Lu was born in 1332 A.D. and died in 1383 A.D. in Hongwu of Ming Dynasty. He was born in Kunshan (now Jiangsu Province) and his ancestral home is Weibo (now Hebei Province). He is a doctor, painter and poet in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. He studied medicine in Zhu Danxi and was a disciple of Zhu.

Evaluation of ancient books

"Ancient and modern medical system" called Wang an Dao "study heaven and man, the article crown the world, deep medical source, straight poor mystery".

The summary of Siku Quanshu says that it can carry out the origin and development, and is not a man who exaggerates the world.

This fully shows that Wang's study is quite accomplished in medical theory. His exploration of medical theory emphasizes the guiding role of clinical practice, and his scholarship is rigorous and his arguments are well founded. His works include the collection of medical classics retrogression, the mystery of all diseases, and the collection of medical rhymes. Now only the collection of medical classics retrogression is his masterpiece.

Painting thought

1. The meaning overflows the form

What he said about form is not unintentional form, but "subjective form".

2. "The law is in Huashan" and "the craftsman is in heaven"

"The law is in Huashan" is the ancient saying of "external teacher's nature". Wang Lu pays attention to the meaning rather than the form. He thinks that the meaning is inspired by his own thought.

3. Whether to believe or not

The reference to tradition is inheritance, and the action against tradition is also inheritance, but the angle of inheritance is different.

4. "Go and be new"

The ancients were people who could establish a family, and the descendants were also people. They should also establish a family. They can't "inherit each other from paper and silk", so they should "go away, so they will be new". Su Wen's compilation and drawing of the book of Wuzhong sages

5. Avoid the collateral of horse head

It emphasizes that painters should have their own distinct personality.

6. My teacher's heart, my mind and my eyes are in charge of Huashan

This is similar to the predecessors' saying that "the mind is the teacher of nature" and "the external teacher of nature is the source of the heart". It is very rare for Wang lvneng to point out the principles of painting with such concise and incisive words according to his own physical and mental experience, which has a positive impact on later generations.

Academic point of view

Wang Lu thinks that everything in nature is constantly moving and changing. But this kind of movement changes, and there are certain rules, neither too much movement, nor less than movement, the opposite sides of the movement to coordinate each other, in order to maintain the existence of things, in the human body to maintain the normal operation of life activities. In the human body, the Qi of the five zang organs should be normal but not hyperactive, so as to give full play to the normal functions of the Zang Fu organs. If a certain visceral Qi is too high, it will destroy the coordination of visceral function of the human body, and on the contrary, it will be a disease. Each Qi has its corresponding other Qi to restrict it, but it doesn't appear when it is not hyperactive, it just follows. Only when it is too high, can it show the image of restriction. The doctor's treatment is just to help patients to make their self-regulation system to normal, in order to maintain the normal biochemical function of the human body. Wang attaches great importance to the use of the theory of hyperactivity to explain the human body's ability of disease prevention and resistance, and attaches great importance to the internal regulation of the body, which has important practical significance.

Medical proposition

In addition, in terms of clinical diagnosis and treatment, Wang Lu believes that the doctor's method of diagnosis is to diagnose the disease according to the symptoms of the disease at that time, and infer the cause of the disease according to it, that is, to examine the disease and seek the cause. It is not that when you begin to feel evil, you can predict what disease you will suffer from in the future. Because after feeling the evil, there are those who have the disease at that time, those who have the disease out of date, and those who do not have the disease because the healthy qi dissipates the evil. All kinds of different diseases are not necessarily the same. Therefore, it is very correct for Wang to pay attention to "knowing the origin of disease" and infer the cause of disease from disease and syndrome.

The ancients believed that the winter injury was caused by cold, and the person who felt the evil was the sick, which was called typhoid; the person who was not the sick, who was out of date and occurred in spring and summer, was called warm disease and summer disease. Because the etiology is considered to be the same, so before Wang's, people mostly treated from typhoid, and treated typhoid and heatstroke diseases with the method of treating typhoid. Liu Wansu created the theory of six kinds of Qiqi fire, and called typhoid fever fever. This paper puts forward the viewpoint that "fever can only be treated by heat, not by cold". It has a great influence on Wang's studies. According to the clinical practice, Wang andao pointed out that typhoid and heatstroke should be separated, especially the difference of treatment methods. First of all, Wang believes that typhoid fever, febrile disease and heat stroke are different. Each of them has its own cause, name and shape. Only when the cause is identified, the name is corrected and the shape is observed, can it be treated. If one does not know, he says that it is not wrong for others, and I do not believe it. " Wang from the three different names, different causes, clinical manifestations are not consistent, so the treatment must not be the same to understand. For example, typhoid fever occurs when the weather is cold, and the cold pathogen is on the surface. Therefore, there is a manifestation that the cold pathogen is depressed on the surface and the defensive Yang is suppressed. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a pungent and warm agent for treatment, otherwise the cold pathogen cannot be dispersed. Febrile diseases and febrile diseases occur when the weather is noisy and hot. Febrile diseases come from the inside and reach the outside. They are depressed by febrile factors. There is no cold evil on the outside. Therefore, it is appropriate to use the agent of pungent cool and bitter cold in the treatment of febrile diseases.

In his opinion, although typhoid fever and warm heat are of the same origin, they are all caused by winter injury due to cold, but they belong to different diseases, so their treatment methods should not be confused. Zhongjing's prescription is the ancestor of the group's prescriptions, which can be borrowed, but it is not designed for the treatment of warm heat syndrome. Wang an Dao's views are not very profound compared with those of warm diseases experts in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Among them, the etiology of warm heat disease has not yet gone beyond the theoretical category of Neijing, but it has been separated from the treatment of the disease, which has a great influence on the development of warm diseases in later generations. In addition, Wang Lu also put forward his own views on stroke. He thought that there were two kinds of stroke. Those with exogenous wind evil were real stroke, while those caused by fire, Qi and phlegm were quasi stroke. This made the theory of stroke gradually perfect, which had a great influence on the development of physicians in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Although Wang Lu's medical proposition originated from Zhu Danxi, it was a very valuable academic spirit that he could give full play to his original opinions, not stick to the predecessors' theory, and explore medical theory based on clinical practice and seeking truth from facts, which had a certain impact on the development of medicine after Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Chinese PinYin : Wang Lv