Wang Junyi

Wang Junyi

Wang Junyi (1036-1103) was born in Rugao, Taizhou (now Rugao City, Jiangsu Province). Wang Guan, Wang Zhen's nephew, Wang Zhen's son. In the first year of Xuanhe (1119), Zhao Jiqin, the Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, ranked the first (number one scholar) in the house examination, and praised his character, saying: "it's really so-called handsome (Yi)," and "it's better to use it than to use it". Junyi held the honor of talent and refused to visit Prime Minister Cai Jing. Wai Lang, a member of the Ministry of officials and a member of the right department, later knew Yuezhou as a Zhimi Pavilion. At the age of 67, he died in Ren Suo and was buried in Xue Jiachi in Rugao City. It is said in the history of the Song Dynasty that "Junyi and Li Qi were friendly, and they first established the theory of justice between Xuanhe. At that time, when the princes and ministers knew a little about the difference between good and evil, evil and justice, they also had two men." He has 10 volumes of Yi Shuo and 10 volumes of Wang Junyi's anthology.

brief account of the author's life

Wang Junyi, born in Rugao, Yao Min, Wang Congzi, was the number one scholar in Shangshe test in Huizong of Northern Song Dynasty.

When he was young, he studied hard in Rugao, his hometown. Later, he went to Kaifeng, the capital, for further study. His achievements ranked the first, and he was promoted to the first place by Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. Due to his integrity and uprightness, he repeatedly refused to be courted by Quan Xiang Cai Jing and Tong Guan. His official career has been pushed out. He was only a doctor of Guozijian, a doctor of Taixue, a member of the Ministry of official affairs, and a member of Yousi. Finally, he died at the age of 67 and was buried in xuejiachi in Rugao City.

The history of the Song Dynasty said that he was "friendly with Li Qijian, and he was the first to establish a correct theory in Xuanhe. When it was, the princes and ministers knew a little bit about the difference between good and evil, evil and right, and the two men also knew it. " There are ten volumes of anthology and ten volumes of Yi Shuo.

The lights of zhuangyuanpi never go out

Rugao's first lane is jixianli (maojia Lane). In the first lane, Rugao's first family is Wang's family. Rugao was born in the first family, which is also the first champion Wang Junyi on the land of the river and the sea.

Wang Junyi's former residence is located in jixianli, the southeast corner of Rucheng, and now in the west of Rugao Normal University. Jixianli got its name from the Northern Song Dynasty, where the Wang family lived. Wang Weixi, Wang Guan, Wang Zhen, Wang Xianyi, Wang Qi and Wang Zhengang, the descendants of Wang family, had six Jinshi and one champion, Wang Junyi. There are 29 old houses in this ancient Xiang Wang family in Song Dynasty, including hall house, wing room, shadow wall, water well, buckle horse beam, etc. The study, garden, rockery and pool of that year have disappeared.

Wang Junyi was studious and intelligent since childhood, and devoted himself to studying hard when he was young. For a time, he thought the city was noisy. He moved to a village ten miles northwest of the city to rent a house and study. The reading place covers an area of four mu, with high and flat terrain surrounded by water. It is said that Wang Junyi has a bright light every night. The light and candle are far away, and the sound of books is heard everywhere. This personalized way of reading has laid a solid foundation for him. Later, he went to Kaifeng, the capital, to study, and Wang Junyi's achievement was the highest among the imperial scholars.

Wang tingxie's poem zhuangyuanpi in the Qing Dynasty praises his story: "Taiyuan's family is always literate, and the first Lu biography is more monarchical. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhichen lived in his hometown, but Donggao had no autumn tomb. The old marsh where fish are planted is in chaos, and the hidden leopard is famous. The lamp has not been renewed for six hundred years. Who is burning the fragrance of my heart

Rugao people have always believed that jixianli Fengshui is excellent. It is said that "the golden tortoise presses the button and produces great people on behalf of others". This is certainly not groundless. The 300 meter long alley has produced one champion and 17 Jinshi in more than 1000 years. This is not only unprecedented in the land of rivers and seas, but also very rare in the whole country, but people still believe that the family tradition in this alley is well inherited, and most of the descendants work hard. After repairing the courtyard of Wang's family, Sha Yuanbing, the first sage in Rugao in modern times, inscribed the couplet of the front door in his own handwriting as: "the family passed on the classics, and the sage was famous in it.". The story of Wang Junyi's hard study in his youth has been handed down from generation to generation and has become a living teaching material for Rugao people to educate their children.

Zhuangyuanfang is majestic and immortal

Rugao people have always respected Wang Junyi's character and official character. They called his reading place "zhuangyuanpi" when he was young, built "Zhuangyuanfang" for him in dongdajie street, and built "zhuangyuanfen" in gaojiaxiang and xuejiatan to express their eternal memory and respect for him.

For example, the area from Yunlu Lane in the west of the city to dongdajie street in the north is called Zhuangyuanfang, and a stone archway stands at the junction of Xiangkou street. Under the stone archway, there is a stone lion crouching, which leads to a small alley in the North called shizixiang. In the "Cultural Revolution", the number one scholar's Square was changed to "West Lane of affiliated school" and the lion's Lane was changed to "10 lane of Yuejin Road". However, it is hard for people to disobey it. In 1981, the number one scholar came back, and people felt that it was more convenient to call it "number one scholar's Square".

"Rugao county annals" and "Rugao culture annals" narrate: Wang Zhuangyuan Junyi studied in Kaifeng when he was young, and his travel expenses were exhausted. Some people advised him to go to Tongguan, the eunuch who was in power at that time, and he could get financial aid. At that time, he was called "Gongxiang" by Cai Jing, and Tongguan was "Yixiang". Wang Junyi was dismissive. Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty was superstitious in Taoism and favored Taoist Lin lingsu. Lin lingsu preached the Scriptures in Baolu palace and ordered the Imperial Academy to select scholars to attend lectures. Wang Junyi went to the lecture hall, close to the curtain, and the eunuch called his name and paged. Surprisingly, Wang Junyi did not pay homage. At that time, Lin lingsu was in power and everyone was afraid, but Junyi was calm and others were sweating for him. Later, the Xiang Xian Mao Guangsheng praised in the song of Longyou Hefan · 8 that the two scholars were stiff and sweaty, and the Xuanhe legacy was ridiculous; they could not afford to pay homage to the Yellow crown without their clothes, and this was a sunrise and a Phoenix

At that time, the students were divided into Shangshe, Zhongshe and Xiashe. Wang Junyi was a student of Shangshe and could be directly selected to be an official. Wang Junyi was promoted to the first place in the first place after reporting the list of his students and reading his articles. During the visit, Huizong saw that Wang Junyi was tall and handsome. He was very happy and said, "it's really Junyi.". Promotion and appointment are immediate. The Prime Minister Cai Jing invited Wang Junyi to meet him. He refused to meet him, so Cai Jing made him become a doctor of the Imperial Academy. Two years later, he became a doctor of the Imperial Academy.

When he was a doctor of Taixue, something happened again. One day, Zhao Kai, the son of Huizong, came to the Imperial College to worship Confucius. The officials in charge of the Imperial College asked the students to line up outside the gate to welcome him. Wang Junyi firmly objected, saying: "the etiquette of lining up to greet the emperor can only be used for the emperor, not for the prince." Some people advised that Zhao kaiguan should not offend the emperor because he was always observing his subjects and reporting to the emperor. Wang Junyi still insisted that "how can this be done to people and ministers? It's enough to be polite to see the prime minister! " As a result, the line-up ceremony had to be cancelled.

Although Wang Junyi was later promoted to the rank of wailang, a member of the Ministry of official affairs, and wailang, a member of the right department, he was finally hated by Cai Jing and Wang Yu for his outspoken words and daring to remonstrate. He only knew Yuezhou from Zhimi Pavilion. In Yuezhou, Wang Junyi worked hard to reform and love the people. He made great achievements in his political work. He died young at the age of 47 and was tired to death in his office. He has ten volumes of Yi Shuo and ten volumes of Wang Junyi's anthology. The history of the Song Dynasty has a high evaluation of him, saying: "Junyi and Li Qi are friendly, and they first set up the theory of justice in Xuanhe. When the princes and ministers know a little about the difference between good and evil, they also have two people."

During the 1000 years from Sui and Tang Dynasties to Qing Dynasty, there were about 550 number one scholars in China's imperial examination system. Rugao was lucky to be one of them, which is not easy in 2861 counties. Wang Zhuangyuan was determined not to go along with Cai Jing and Gao Qiu, which made people sigh for his integrity and character.

For some reason, Wang Junyi was not listed in the Xiangxian Temple of Rugao. However, Rugao was under the jurisdiction of Taizhou, and the ancestral halls of Xiangxian and Minghuan in Taizhou were dedicated to Wang Junyi. "Jiajing only Yang Zhi" records: "Taizhou Xiangxian ancestral temple construction registration, official ancestral temple of the same name, worship song Zhimi Pavilion, know Yuezhou Wang Junyi...." The seven laws of "zhuangyuanpo" in Wu Kai's Donggao YONGGU (Ode to the ancients) wrote: "duanpi bends to swallow the cold wave, and it is still lonely for good officials. The talent is great, the power is envious, and the courtesy can restrain the pride of your king. After two years of writing, Fang Zhou's ambition disappeared. Once again to Jixian square, the heroic spirit reaches danxiao. "

In 2005, Rugao published the book "Rugao history and culture" edited by Rugao CPPCC, which listed Rugao's "top ten historical celebrities" as: Lu Dai, Hu Yuan, Wang Guan, Wang Zhen, Wang Junyi, Li Zhichun, Mao Xiang, Li Yu, Dai Liankui, and Sha Yuanbing. Wang Junyi is one of them and will always be praised and remembered by the people of his hometown Rugao.

What's more intriguing is that there is a custom in Rugao called "crossing a hundred roads", that is, on the day when a baby is born, the baby's grandmother or grandmother carries the baby wearing silver ornaments through Changxiang and baishuixiang, and then goes to Zhuangyuanfang and jixianli for a walk. With some longevity and culture, he will become the "long-lived Zhuangyuanlang". This shows that jixianli and Zhuangyuanfang have been integrated into the daily customs of Rugao people and become a part of their life, which is more permanent than any form of commemoration.

The memory of No.1 tomb

Although it is difficult to compare with the grand and magnificent cemetery in Nantong, the tomb of the number one scholar is also one of the important memories of Rugao.

According to the Jiaqing edition of Rugao county annals, there are five tombs beside xuejiachi in the east city. It is said that Junyi's tomb is in Yan. In the eighth year of Jiaqing, the twenty-first grandchildren Wang songkui, Chunhua, Jiamei, and guests were rebuilt. " The third volume of Rugao county annals of the Republic of China also records: "the tomb of Wang Junyi, the number one scholar, is next to the xuejiachi in the city. There are five tombs. It is said that the tomb of Wang Junyi is in Yan." In 1995, Rugao county annals said: "Wang Junyi's tomb: Wang Junyi was the number one scholar of Song Dynasty. His tomb is located in xuejiachi, Rucheng, commonly known as the number one scholar's tomb. There are only tombstones left. "

The tomb of number one scholar is 50 meters northeast of xuejiatan, so the exact location of the tomb should be at the foot of the east city, south of dongshuiguan, north of jinghaimen and northeast corner of xuejiatan. In short, it is the south side of the east gate of today's water painting garden. There is a brick wall in front of the tomb gate, and the banner is "the tomb of the crown prince of Song Dynasty".

Zhuangyuan tomb is old but not gloomy, vicissitudes but not decadent. The simple stone archway faces south, and children can play hide and seek around the stone pillars. According to the county annals, "there are five graves". I only see three earth graves, no steles, which are a little higher than ordinary people's graves. The back one is bigger, and adults tell the children that it is the resting place of Zhuangyuan's heroes. At the bottom of the memorial archway, you can occasionally see an old nurse with her grandson and granddaughter burning incense to worship. Obviously, it's not Wang's descendants, but ordinary people praying

Chinese PinYin : Wang Jun4 Ai