Pan Zuyin

Pan Zuyin

Pan Zuyin (1830-1890) was an official, calligrapher and book collector in Qing Dynasty. The character is in the bell, the small character is Fengsheng, the name is boyin, the name is Shaotang and Zhengzhen. Wu county (today's Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), the grandson of Pan Shien. The son of Pan Zengshou, a cabinet official, was one of the first three Jinshi in the second year of Xianfeng. He has been in the South study for nearly 40 years. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he was the Minister of the Ministry of industry. Through the history of classics, fine regular script method, the collection of gold and stone is very rich. There is a picture interpretation of Yi utensils in panguluo. There are pangxizhai series and gongshuntang series.

Life of the characters

Official career

Pan Zuyin grew up in Beijing and his ancestral home is Wu County. His grandfather was pan Shien, the number one scholar of Guichou in Qianlong period, and he was an official of Taifu and a Bachelor of wuyingdian. His father, pan Zengshou, was an official in the cabinet. His great uncle was pan Shihuang, a flower of yimaoke in Qianlong.

The 28th year of Daoguang (1848) was just the 80th birthday of Pan Shien. The emperor of Daoguang rewarded pan Zuyin as a whole. In the second year of Xianfeng (1852), he won the first and third place in the examination (Tanhua), and was awarded the title of editor of Hanlin Academy. In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), he successively served as the assistant editor of the National History Museum, the alternate assistant reader and the editor of the real record Museum. In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), he successively served as the compilator of the meritorious officials' hall, the examiners, the clergyman, the president of Xian'an palace, the manager of Wenyuan Pavilion, and the manager of nanshufang. He rewarded Dai Hualing for his contribution to the army. Xianfeng seven years (1857), successive Japanese living note officer, Shi Shuo bachelor. In 1858, the British and French allied forces invaded Tianjin and wrote to ask for war. They successively served as the examiners of Shaanxi Gansu Provincial examination, the Imperial Academy's sacrificial wine and the bachelor's degree.

In 1859, he was promoted to Shaoqing of Dali temple. In 1860, Zuo Zongtang, Luo Bingzhang's aide at that time, was impeached. He went to Shumi to protect Zuo Zongtang, saying that he had outstanding talents, so the case settled down. Zuo Zongtang was released and recommended Zeng Guofan to assist in military affairs. Also presented are the memorials of Sichuan military affairs, Chen's "eight strategies to save the time" and twelve articles of the League training constitution, Shangshu's direct admonition and Jiaxing Mulan's etc.

In the 11th year of Xianfeng, pan Zuyin was appointed the Prime Minister of the clan. Shangshu discussed that the suburbs should be equipped with big gifts, and asked the emperor to abide by the holy system forever. In the 11th year of Xianfeng, the emperor issued an imperial edict, asking for advice. Pan Zuyin answered the imperial edict and made several statements: first, he was diligent in learning. First of all, we selected the classics to teach, and selected the virtuous officials to carry out the Japanese teaching system. Considering how to adapt the old system of Emperor Kangxi, we can choose several of them as consultants in the Imperial Academy, which can cultivate the holy virtue and make the source clean. Second, seek talents. First of all, the way to protect the country is to obtain talents. In troubled times, we should pay more attention to the employment of talents. Don't stick to conventions. Those who are talented and knowledgeable should be employed out of the ordinary. We must be open-minded, free from false names and seek practical results. Third, the whole military affairs. The military law is unclear and the military affairs are slack. Officers and soldiers often miss a good opportunity when they fight and watch jokes and occupy their own areas. We should follow the example of Jiaqing to control the provinces. Those who escape in the face of battle and lose the city will be dealt with immediately according to the law. Fourth, storage. The country takes sufficient food as the first priority. Now the warehouse is empty, and the suburbs of Beijing can't be self-sufficient. We should pay close attention to purchasing. Set up rice harvest Bureau in Tianjin. If money is not enough, rice donation can be set up. Fifthly, the method of making money. In the fourth year of Xianfeng, big money was used instead, and the money law was even more destroyed. Official names and unscrupulous businessmen floated false tickets, and changed to private tickets. The amount of money saved is not equal to the amount of money used. The government should exercise strict management, gradually use all the money to stabilize prices, and then the money law can be amended.

arouse one 's all efforts to make the country prosperous

Pan Zuyin also stated four current affairs: exempting money and food from all provinces to ease the hunger and poverty of the people; eliminating miscellaneous donations to protect the people's strength; tightening the March discipline to save the people's lives and expand the number of people in the rural and joint examinations to win the hearts of scholars. All these fully demonstrate pan Zuyin's proposition. This year, he impeached Jin Anqing, the alternate salt transportation envoy of Jiangbei who collected taxes and harmed the people. He removed Jin anqing from his post. He also asked for the abolition of the League training ministers set up by the provinces to save useless expenses. Emperor Xianfeng approved his request and carried it out.

In the 12th year of Xianfeng, he served as the Deputy examiner of Shuntian rural examination and the official Minister of the household department. Until Tongzhi years, pan Zuyin impeached many incompetent officials. Civil servants include: Sheng Bao, the imperial envoy, Wen Yu, the governor of Zhili, as well as the governor of Shaanxi, the buzhengshi, the buzhengshi of Gansu, the Taoists and so on. Military positions include: Governor Kong Guangshun, chief Yan pixu, deputy general and so on. Therefore, pan Zuyin "straight sound shock toward the end.".

In the first year of Tongzhi, pan Zuyin served as the Minister of Guanglu temple and the left Deputy censor of duchayuan. Pan Zuyin, together with several other officials, made a concise annotation of the achievements and historical sites of the emperors in the past dynasties. The title of the book, Zhiping Baojian, is an example of good governance in the former dynasty. Because of the rise of the Nien army, he asked Xuzhou, the junction of the four provinces, to set up an important town and organize regiment training. In this way, the Nien army could be restrained as well as saved money. This year, pan Zuyin took the post of chief examiner of Shandong provincial examination as Guanglu Siqing.

In the second year of Tongzhi reign, he was the Prime Minister of Zongren's government. The tax amount of Jiangsu Province was reduced, and the tax amount of Jiangsu, song and Tai was reduced by one third. In the third year of Tongzhi, pan Zuyin was not listed in the title when he Guiqing was guilty. Because of the above reasons, he was implicated and demoted by the Ministry. Later, he was appointed as the left Deputy censor of the Chayuan of the capital, the right chamberlain of the acting Ministry of industry, and concurrently in charge of the affairs of Qian Fatang. In the fourth year of Tongzhi, Prince Gong was impeached and punished. Pan Zuyin pointed out that although Prince Gong was hard to resign because of his fault, he had made great contributions and had a good relationship with his important officials. Hope to give Prince Gong the opportunity to repent, and not to make the platform chaos, future generations confused. Later, pan Zuyin served as the right servant of the Ministry of rites. In the fifth year of Tongzhi, he served as the right and left ministers of the Ministry of punishment, the Assistant Minister of the Ministry of labor, and concurrently in charge of the affairs of Qian FA Tang.

In the sixth year of Tongzhi, pan Zuyin was granted the right servant of the Ministry of labor. Pan Zuyin was ordered to visit the imperial mausoleum in Shengjing (now Shenyang). In the seventh year of Tongzhi, pan Zuyin acted as the left servant of the official department and the right servant of the household department. He submitted four letters to Shuowen of Zhuanshu and Beilan of Yiwen. Emperor Tongzhi named pan Zuyin Wenqi. He was appointed as the lecturer of Jingyan. In the eighth year of Tongzhi reign, pan Zuyin turned to be the left minister in charge of the three Treasury affairs. In the ninth year of Tongzhi, pan Zuyin was the right servant of the official department. He was awarded the title of "Zhengyi" because he donated military salaries. In the 10th year of Tongzhi, pan Zuyin was appointed as the assistant examiner of the military examination. The next year, the headwear was worn. In the 12th year of Tongzhi, pan Zuyin was dismissed from his post because he paid a visit to the Dongling mausoleum with the imperial driver and lost the Hubu seal. He was appointed as the Deputy examiner of Shuntian rural examination. Because Xu Jingchun's literature and science was absurd, and he was suspected of being partial, he was demoted by GE Ren. In the 13th year of Tongzhi reign, he was specially invited to visit pan Zuyin, the editor of Hanlin academy, and the South study. After that, pan Zuyin returned to his post. Because he entered the Fu volume to celebrate Empress Dowager Cixi's birthday, he was able to be an alternate servant.

After the first year of Guangxu, pan Zuyin was appointed the Minister of Dali temple. The next year, he was appointed the right servant of the Ministry of rites. Guangxu four years, pan Zuyin transfer department. In the fifth year of Guangxu reign, the right Minister of the Ministry of work was transferred to the Ministry of punishment. He served as the president of yudie hall, the right servant of the Department of household, and also in charge of qianfatang and sanku affairs. Pan Zuyin successively served as the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, the censor of the imperial court, the Minister of the Ministry of industry, the prince Shaobao, and the Minister of the Ministry of punishment. During this period, he was ordered to collect the case of Wu Youyou, the chief minister of the Council, to remonstrate the death of the emperor Tongzhi and establish an heir, and declared that the council would not establish a reserve. In the sixth year of Guangxu, pan Zuyin was the president of the National Museum of history. After participating in the settlement of the dispute between China and Russia in Xinjiang, and negotiating with Russia to conclude a contract, he put forward five things to deal with the aftermath: military training, simple tools, mining, shipbuilding and salary raising. In the eighth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, pan Zuyin was appointed Minister of the Ministry of rites and Minister of military aircraft. In the ninth year of Guangxu, Ding's father was worried.

Pan Zuyin was in Beijing for the second half of his life and was in a high position in the court. Zuo Zongtang was one of the many people who helped the country and became famous. The gentry of Baodi raised money to build a temple for Pan Zuyin. The local officials offered sacrifices in the spring and Autumn period, and the emperor issued an imperial edict. Pan Zuyin's tomb is in jiaobaidang (today's Mudu), Southeast of dongkuatangqiao, Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. It is said that in the early days of Guangxu, pan Zuyin presided over the Ministry of punishment. When a member of the Department heard that Pan Zuyin was very elegant, he wanted to flatter him. He wrote dozens of poems, which were recorded in regular script in the main hall. When he met, he bowed and presented them. When pan Zuyin read the first article entitled "going to the temple with the second master and mother", he couldn't help laughing wildly. The tassel on his hat almost fell off. The fawning clerk turned pale and went back quickly.

Book collectors

Pan Zuyin has a rich collection of books. He once wrote pangxizhai reading notes. He used 300 gold to buy a Book of Gongyang Chunqiu he's annotation in Northern Song Dynasty. Pan Zuyin said to people, "this is a rare book in this world. I can buy it cheaply." After his death, Beijing Liulichang Bookstore completed a volume of pangxizhai song and Yuan bibliography. Collection is very rich, the collection of books, gold and stone armour in Wu Xia. In the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), ye Changchi, a scholar, was invited to help him edit and revise the books he had collected. In pangxizhai, the buildings are filled with gold, stone and books. Therefore, ye Changchi had a glimpse of his secret collection. Each time he read a book, it was recorded as a title, which became two volumes of Pang Xi Zhai Shu Shu Ji, and Pang Xi Zhai Shu Ji, which recorded 141 kinds of song and Yuan edition, early Ming edition, Japanese and Korean Edition. Pangxizhai bibliography of song and Yuan editions describes 127 kinds of song and Yuan editions collected by pangxizhai. Wang Jilie, a scholar, also wrote the book collection of pangxizhai, which records that "during his decades in the dynasty, he held a bow to introduce the Qing Dynasty and refused to give away his legacy. His collection of rare utensils of Shang and Zhou dynasties, and the exquisite wares of song and Yuan Dynasties, were all purchased with low salaries.". He has collected nearly 100 kinds of song and Yuan secret books, and has deep acquaintance with famous scholars such as Zhang Zhidong, Liu Xihai and Li Ciming. Due to the collection of 10 volumes of the song edition of jinshilu, it has been handed over by Feng Wenchang, Jiang Li, Bao Tingbo, Ruan Yuan, Zhao Wei, Wang Chen, Han Taihua, Gan Fu and other famous collectors, and each collector has engraved the "jinshilu ten volumes of others" seal. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he and Jiang Biao were engraved with inscriptions and postscripts on the collection of books of Shi Li Ju, which described the origin and development of ancient books in detail. There are pangxizhai series and gongshuntang series. "Pangxizhai series" is a collection of 4 letters, including 50 kinds of books. It collects the classics, inscriptions, notes and other works of the Qing Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Pan Zu Yin