Wang Huizu

Wang Huizu

Wang Huizu (from January 21, 1731 to May 1, 1807) was born in Dayi village, Yunying Township, gualiyuan, Xiaoshan, Zhejiang Province. Good officials in the Qian and Jia periods of Qing Dynasty. In his early years, he failed in the exam many times, and his staff was Shaoxing master. In the 40th year of Qianlong, he was a Jinshi in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. In the 52nd year, he was a magistrate of Ningyuan county. In the 56th year, he was a herdsman of Daozhou. Gaoguan retired to sujiatan in the city. He was 78 years old.

In the past dynasties, they were called disciples in the early days and then teachers. In fact, they were collectively called aides, that is, officials who worked for the government in the Yamen. Wang Huizu is a famous official who is intelligent and capable, quick in solving cases, and upright for the people. For example, in the middle of Qianlong's reign, many kuanyong coins were found along the southeast coast. The Qing government suspected that someone had made them privately and ordered a strict investigation. The governor of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian ordered Wang Huizu to investigate the case. The case was serious. After Wang Huizu accepted it, he made an in-depth investigation and finally found out that it was originally brought in by Japanese merchant ships and mixed into the domestic currency circulation. It was actually Japanese counterfeit currency. In 1787, Wang Huizu was the magistrate of Ningyuan County in Hunan Province. The price of Huai salt is several times higher than that of Guangdong salt. The common people eat Guangdong Salt privately, but Guangdong Salt belongs to private salt, and Huai salt is official salt. It is illegal to buy and sell Guangdong salt. Wang Huizu, as the head of a county, took the people as the foundation and formulated a proper plan. After he submitted to his superiors that "salt is more and more forbidden, duty is increasing day by day, husband's private affairs are not allowed to be indulged, and eating light food is not allowed to be indulged", he changed to buy Cantonese salt as official salt, which is no more than ten jin at a time, for limited supply.

After Wang Huizu returned to his hometown, he was called by Luo Changlin, governor of Zhejiang Province, to discuss the xijiangtang affairs in Xiaoshan. Originally, it took 178 Zhang of Tiaoshi and 28900 yuan of money. Under the supervision of Wang Huizu, it took only 22513 yuan for more than 220 Zhang, which contributed to the long-term stability of Xiaoshan water conservancy and the people. It also suggests that "Haining Nansha is treated across the river, and many inconveniences should be assigned to Xiaoshan", which has made historical contributions to the contemporary reclamation and economic development.

Profile

Wang Huizu, whose name is huanzeng, is a native of Xiaoshan County, Shaoxing Prefecture, Zhejiang Province. He was born on December 14, the eighth year of Yongzheng (January 21, 1731) and died on March 24, the twelfth year of Jiaqing (May 1, 1807). In the 33rd year of Qianlong's reign, he was promoted to the township and became a Jinshi in the 40th year. When I was young, I visited Ningyuan County, Yongzhou Prefecture, Hunan Province. His works include Yuan Shi Ben Zheng, the list of the same surnames in the twenty four histories, Xue Zhi Yi Shuo, Zuo Zhi Yao Yan, etc. There are Ruan Yuan's "Ci Jing Shi Ji Er Ji" Volume 3 "the ancestral biography of Wang Hui" and Qu Rong's "the ancestral biography of Wang Hui".

Scholars and book collectors in Qing Dynasty. The word huanzeng, the number of Longzhuang, the number of Guilu in the evening. Xiaoshan, Zhejiang. At the age of 39, he toured the capital. In 1775, he was a Jinshi. He was the magistrate of Yuanzhi county and Xintian County in Nanning, and the magistrate of Daozhou. He was famous for his honesty. Later, he retired with foot disease, and the old and the young wept in front of him. He went home to study in a closed house and wrote books. At the beginning of Jiaqing, the local literati urged him to comply with the imperial edict, but he refused. This paper focuses on practical and useful learning. He is rich in books and has accumulated tens of thousands of volumes, which are stored in the "huanbishanfang". Most of the classics and history books are collected. In his spare time, he held it in his hand and bowed himself. He has compiled the bibliography of huanbishanfang. The book collection is printed with "Xiaoshan Wangshi huanbishanfang collection seal". He is especially good at history and has made great achievements in the study of surnames. He is the author of Yuan Shi Ben Zheng, Du Shi Zhang Lu, Chu Zhong Za Yong, Long Zhuang Si Liu manuscript, Shi Xing Yun Bian, Jiu Shi Tong Ming Lue, 20 Shi Tong Xing list, 24 Shi Xi Xing list, Liao Jin Yuan three Shi Tong Xing list, Xue Zhi Zheng Zheng, Zuo Zhi Yao Yan, Xu Zuo Zhi Yao Yan, Xue Zhi Yi Shuo, Xue Zhi Xu Shuo There are more than 20 kinds of works, such as the late Lu GUI manuscript. Wang Jipei, the fourth son, has a rich collection of books.

Life of the characters

Wang Huizu, a native of Xiaoshan, Zhejiang Province in the Qing Dynasty, was known as the "master of Shaoxing" all over the country and was known as the "famous curtain of a generation". In the 34th year of his reign, he was famous for his good judgment of suspicious cases. He traveled all over the Yamen of 18 prefectures and counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Later, he served as a prefectural and county magistrate for five years. He worked hard and loved the people, and made remarkable achievements. He is not only a rare honest official, but also a scholar with rich works. Hu Shi, a modern scholar, once praised Wang Huizu highly: "I read Wang Huizu's posthumous letter, a famous legalist in Qianlong and Jiaqing periods, and I can really have a very respectful attitude when I see him handling lawsuits all his life. He said: "the law of handling a case is not only to be cautious when committing a crime, but also to be cautious when committing a crime." All his life as an official, he tried his best to be "cautious."

For the screen, for the officials, to widely benefit the government

Wang Huizu (1731-1807), the word huanzeng. Wang family was originally engaged in agriculture and business, but later they had to borrow money to make a living. When Wang Huizu was a teenager, he began to learn from others to be an assistant. Later, he gradually became a master. Because there was no law school in the past, the main way for scholars to be officials was to pass the imperial examination, and the imperial examination mainly tested four books and five classics. The people in the examination could not understand the law, so they could ask an aide to be a consultant in case of interrogation.

Wang Huizu has a wide range of knowledge, which is an important reason for his outstanding reputation as an aide. It is also different from ordinary teachers. This is especially reflected in the case of Kuan Yongqian. In the middle of Qianlong period, many kuanyong coins were found in the southeast coastal provinces. The Qing court suspected that someone had minted money privately, and ordered Yin Jishan, governor of Liangjiang, to investigate. Because no one in the local government knew the origin of the money, Yin Jishan decided to hire Wang Huizu, a well-informed man, to handle the case. Wang Huizu quoted scriptures and found out that the money was Japanese coins, which were brought in by merchant ships and not privately minted by the people. The local officials played on this basis, which made a great disaster disappear and Wang Huizu became famous.

In 1787, Wang Huizu was appointed magistrate of Ningyuan County in Hunan Province. He did a lot of practical work for the people. Ningyuan stipulated that Huai salt was official salt, and people had to eat it. But the price of Huai salt was several times higher than that of Guangdong salt, so people ate it privately. Due to the violation of the ban on the sale of Guangdong salt, the government sent people to investigate and arrest, resulting in "human anxiety". Wang Huizu was determined to solve the problem of common people's salt. He sincerely listened to the opinions of the people, investigated the sales situation of Guangdong salt, made a proper plan, and asked the boss to allow Ningyuan to sell Guangdong salt, but the people should not buy more than ten jin at a time. The people applauded for this, but some people strongly opposed it and falsely accused Wang Huizu of supporting the sale of private salt. Wang Huizu argued for it. Later, when Bi Yuan, governor of Hunan Province, knew about it, he greatly praised Wang Huizu.

Wang Huizu has solved numerous cases in his life, and his tricks are frequent. When he was the magistrate of Ningyuan County, there was a case of Liu Kaiyang and Cheng Dapeng fighting for the mountain and killing people, which was quite a sensation. When Liu Kaiyang's younger brother was critically ill, he hired killer Wang Yanxi to kill him on the mountain. Afterwards, he went to the Yamen to beat the drum to "complain" and claimed that his younger brother was killed by Cheng Dapeng. Cheng Dapeng said that the dispute over the mountain was true, but he did not fight with Liu Kai and Yang's younger brother in the mountain. Wang Huizu felt very strange and temporarily put Cheng Dapeng in prison for trial. Later, some people reported that Wang Yanxi, who was always short of money, went to the gambling house all day and secretly went to the Guandi temple outside the village at night. The next night, Wang Huizu took the Yamen servants to hide in the temple of Guandi. Wang Yanxi came in secretly, knelt down at the God's table and confessed that he had taken Liu Kaiyang's money and killed his brother. Now the money has been lost, and the government has been investigating it closely. Please ask master Guan to protect him. Wang Huizu and the Yamen servant suddenly appeared, and the frightened Wang Yanxi naturally confessed. Cheng Dapeng was released immediately, and Liu Kaiyang and Wang Yanxi were severely punished. Due to the accuracy and impartiality of the case, the people gave him the title of "Wang Longtu" (the Dragon map refers to Bao Zheng).

Although he was a magistrate in Ningyuan for only a few years, when he was transferred, the people sent each other in empty cities, and the sedan chair couldn't move forward. After Wang Huizu retired, the people of Ningyuan came to visit him from time to time, which shows the extent of his love by the people.

Returning from office to Huize

In 1792, Wang Huizu was impeached because he didn't want to marry his superior. He was driven by Wang Huizu to offend his superior. After returning to Xiaoshan, he retired with firm will, and some local officials successively hired him to the curtain, which he declined politely.

Although no longer involved in officialdom, Wang Huizu was still concerned about the national economy and people's livelihood and made many contributions to his hometown. In 1793, xijiangtang in Xiaoshan collapsed. Wang Huizu was called by the governor of Zhejiang Province to discuss the repair of xijiangtang. After field observation and measurement, the construction scheme proposed by Wang Huizu costs less than the original one. After half a year's repair, the whole pond was completed, the project was solid, the cost was low, and the benefit to the people was great, but he didn't ask for any reward.

Xiaoshan is located on the South Bank of the Qiantang River. The high tide of the river and the long-term erosion have brought a piece of sandy land in Haining, Zhejiang Province, which is separated by a river, to the south of the Yangtze River. Wang Huizu wrote to the imperial court, requesting that the sandy land be assigned to Xiaoshan by Haining, which was approved by the imperial court. This has laid a foundation for Xiaoshan to reclaim land from the sea and develop its economy.

Wang Huizu's integrity, do not tell lies, people in the county respect and believe it. After his deliberation, he said nothing about the major events in the county. At the same time, Wang Huizu also used his expertise to help the villagers. When villagers have disputes and plan to go to court, they often consult him first. Wang Huizu's complaint was based on the interests of the two families, and the two families were often reconciled. If someone comes to tell him that he wants to take revenge on someone for something, Wang Huizu will certainly persuade him to calm down even though he doesn't know someone. Once, Wang Huizu passed by Qian Qing in a boat. A boatman threw dozens of crabs onto his boat and said, "chat to repay your kindness." Asked the name of the boatman, Wang Huizu still did not know. Because Wang Hui had both virtue and righteousness, the place where he was born was named "Dayi village".

After his return to the countryside, he wrote "Yong Xun of Shuangjie Tang" for educating his children. This is a famous family motto in Qing Dynasty, which is widely spread. This book is divided into Shuxian, Xuji, Zhijia, Yingshi, Fanhou and Shushi

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