Wang Xian

Wang Xian

Wang Xian (1906-1975), from Gushi, Henan Province, was born in 1906. He graduated from the army cavalry school. During the Anti Japanese War, he served as the captain of the guerrilla detachment of the 5th war zone and the county magistrate of Gushi County, Henan Province. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he served as the administrative inspector and security commander of the 5th zone, Henan Province, and the major general Gao Shen of the central China Anti bandit headquarters. He was pardoned in 1975 and captured in September 1949, and served as the Commissioner of the culture and History Committee of the CPPCC Hubei Province.

Personal profile

Wang Xian, born in 1906 in Fangji, Gushi County, Henan Province, joined the Kuomintang army in 1927. He successively served as platoon commander, company commander, battalion commander, chief of staff, follower, team leader, instructor and head of the army. During the Anti Japanese War, he served as the captain of the fifth theater guerrilla detachment and head of Gushi County, Henan Province. In 1939, he served as the head teacher of the major general of the army cavalry school,. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he served as the deputy commander of the divisions in Western and Northern Henan, the Commissioner of administrative supervision and the commander of security in the Fifth District of Henan Province, and the major general of the central China bandit suppression headquarters. In 1948, he was captured by our army and released after studying for two months. In May 1949, he served as commander in chief of the people's self defense army of the Henan Hubei Anhui border region and director of the administrative committee of the Henan Hubei Anhui border region. He was captured in Jinzhai, Anhui Province on September 30, 1949. Amnesty granted on 19 March 1975. Later, he served as a Commissioner of the culture and History Committee of the CPPCC Hubei Provincial Committee and became a glorious citizen and national work cadre. Wang Xian was 70 years old this year. In the same year, due to illness, he died in Wuhan, Hubei Province.

The period of Liberation

In January 1949, the Huaihai Campaign ended with the victory of annihilating 550000 enemy troops. The rest of the Kuomintang army fled to the Dabie Mountains. In February, Yuan Chengying, deputy commander of KMT's Northern Anhui security forces, returned to Jinjiazhai and set up the county head of Huang County. Ruan Zhiling, a stubborn bandit in Lu'an, Yue Qishan, a habitual bandit in Huoqiu, Huang Ying, pan Shushi, Ke Jianhua, Zhou Xiangbo, Zhang Tianhe, Chen Yunxi and others of Jinzhai made up 11 puppet security forces. They organized the armed forces of each township and Bao into battalions and companies, and the township and Bao Zhang served as the battalions and company leaders in an attempt to resist. In May, commander Wang Xian (lieutenant general) and fan Xun of the 92nd division were sent by Bai Chongxi, director of the KMT's Wuhan camp, to Jinzhai to join yuan Chengying and set up the KMT's "general headquarters of the people's self defense forces in the Hubei Henan Anhui border region" in Baishuihe. Wang Xian served as commander, Yuan Chengying as deputy commander, and fan Xun as chief of staff. They expanded the original 11 so-called security regiments into 14 detachments The bandits, big and small, were appointed officials and appointed committees. They sent a report to the Kuomintang government, which fled to Taiwan, claiming that "100000 iron armies have been developed.". Chiang Kai Shek, of course, was also dreaming about his counterattack against the mainland day and night. He was very happy to learn that Wang Xian had organized a "100000 Iron Army", so he constantly sent planes to air drop ammunition to Wang Xian to boost his blood transfusion. However, such a drop in the bucket is not only difficult to help. The commanders of the detachment were all desperators on their own sides, and Wang Xian's command failed. Therefore, every time Chiang Kai Shek airdropped, there was a battle among the detachment. The strong ones won some of them, while the weak ones didn't, and they were defeated at the expense of their troops. What's more, those "iron armies" are falling apart. They just make a living as robbers every day and have no combat effectiveness at all.

Defeated and captured

After the end of the Huaihai Campaign, the PLA immediately deployed to encircle and suppress the bandits in the Dabie Mountains, established the headquarters of the Hubei Henan Anhui border region, Wang Shusheng served as commander and political commissar, and established the "headquarters of the eastern line of Hubei Henan Anhui" in Mabu Town, widely mobilized the masses to report the whereabouts of the bandits. The anti bandit forces resolutely cracked down on the stubborn bandits, and urged them to pay for the criminals who were willing to repent He also publicized Chairman Mao's policy of "first evil must be dealt with, coerced obedience should be ignored, and meritorious service should be rewarded". By the middle of September 1949, the so-called "100000 Iron Army" of the Dabie Mountains was basically eliminated. On September 30, Wang Xian, commander in chief of the general headquarters of the people's self defense army of the Hubei Henan Anhui border region, Yuan Chengying, deputy commander in chief, and fan Xun, chief of staff, were captured alive in Maoding mountain.

Ideological change

After being captured, Wang Xian was sent to the PLA officers training regiment of the East China military region to carry out reform together with other senior generals captured by the East China military region, such as Wang Yaowu, Pang Jingtang, sun Liangcheng and Chen Jincheng. However, these senior prisoners of war knew that they were guilty and worried about their future. At first, they were stubborn and consciously or unconsciously resisted the reform.

Pang Jingtang, who was the chairman of the Shandong provincial Party Department of the Kuomintang when he was captured, openly said to Wang Yaowu, commander of the second appeasement District of the Kuomintang, chairman of the Shandong provincial government, Shandong provincial security commander and lieutenant general, in the high capture Regiment: "don't be a second minister, my brother." Another time, when Pang Jingtang read a newspaper, he deliberately read "long live the Communist Party" as "long live the Kuomintang".

Chen Jincheng, who was commander and lieutenant general of the 96th army of the Kuomintang when he was captured, used the relaxed study and living environment of senior prisoners of war and often spoke in private, such as saying to the captured officers of the former northwest Army: "you support Feng Yuxiang, I support Chiang Kai Shek!" What's more intolerable is that once he took the opportunity to get drunk and cried out, "long live Chiang Kai Shek! Long live Wang Yaowu

Even some diehards entered Gaoluo group and wrote poems to "chase the Central Plains". Wang Xian, commander and lieutenant general of the Kuomintang's self defense army in the Hubei Henan Anhui border region when he was captured, wrote a poem shortly after he joined the Gaofu Regiment: "no one will send a message, no one will pity him. It's not the end of the Central Plains, but a good bow is needed to carve feathers. ". After being criticized by the students of Gaoluo regiment, he admitted that he was wrong, and the ideological transformation was not complete, but privately he said: "such transformation, I can't live."

It is undoubtedly difficult to reform the ideology of these "party state" generals who once held a heavy hand and were invincible. In line with the principle of education and rescue, the Communist Party patiently organized study and discussion, and carried out ideological mutual assistance. After a long period of study and reform, the ideological consciousness of these prisoners of war finally changed significantly.

Chinese PinYin : Wang Xian