Wu Yuanheng

Wu Yuanheng

Wu Yuanheng (758-815) was born in Goushi, Henan Province. The prime minister and poet of the Tang Dynasty was the son of Wu Jiu.

In the fourth year of Jianzhong, Jinshiji entered the shogunate of the vassal Town, granted the censor of supervision and the magistrate of Huayuan County. He moved to wailang, a member of Bibu, Yousi, a doctor of Shangshu, and paid homage to Zhongcheng, the censor. Emperor Shunzong of Tang Dynasty ascended the throne and moved the prince to the right. Tang Xianzong ascended the throne and was granted the house minister. In the second year of Yuanhe, he paid homage to his servant and Tongping Zhangshi, and took up the post of Jiannan Jiedushi.

In the 10th year of Yuanhe, he paid homage to the prime minister twice and advocated strong resistance against the vassal town. Later, he was assassinated by Li Shidao and awarded his posthumous title of Zhongmin to situ. He has ten volumes of linhuai collection and two volumes of poems.

Life of the characters

Number one poet

Wu Yuanheng, with the name of bocang, was born in Goushi, Henan Province. Great grandfather Wu zaidee was Wu Zetian's cousin, and the official was Huzhou governor. His grandfather, Wu Pingyi, was good at writing articles. At the time of his death, the official was wailang, an examiners, and a scholar of Xiuwen School. His deeds are recorded in the biography of Yiren.

When he was young, Wu Yuanheng was gifted and brilliant. In the fourth year of Jianzhong (784 A.D.), he took part in the imperial examination. Because of his excellent poetry and prose, he was ranked first in the list of Jinshi. Later, he became the magistrate of Huayuan County. Li Shi of Dezong once summoned Yuan Heng and appreciated his talent. He was given an important position in the central government officials, namely, wailang, a member of Bibu. Because of his excellent work, he was promoted to three levels in a year. When he came to Zuo Si Lang, he could participate in political affairs and issue orders. In 804 A.D., Wu Yuanheng was promoted to Zhongcheng, the imperial censor. He was in charge of supervising the law enforcement, receiving the minister's instructions, and holding impeachment cases. He often consulted with Dezong about state affairs. Dezong praised him: "this man really has the talent of a prime minister!"

Iron Prime Minister

In the first month of the first year of Yongzhen (805 AD), Shunzong ascended the throne. Sharp social contradictions and political crisis. Wang Shuwen, a reformist (ER Wang, Liu, Liu), sent someone to persuade Yuan Heng to join the clique. He declined politely. During the burial of Dezong, Yuanheng served as the mausoleum guard of honor. The censor Liu Yuxi (the main figure of the reformers) asked to act as a guard of honor judge, but he refused because of the discord between Yuanheng and Shuwen. Wang Shuwen held a grudge and slandered Yuan Heng wantonly. He dismissed Yuan Heng from his post and changed him to the crown prince.

Shunzong was Emperor for only one year. In the second year, Emperor Xianzong Li Chun ascended to the throne. He was deeply moved by Yuan Heng's loyalty to the emperor and served as the Minister of the Ministry of household. In the third year of Yuanhe (808 A.D.), he paid homage to the minister under the door, and wrote with Zhongshu about the Pingzhang affairs under the door, and concurrently handled the affairs of the household department. Tang Xianzong knew Yuanheng was honest and upright, and trusted him a lot. At that time, Li Kai, the governor of Zhejiang Province, asked for pilgrimage. Xianzong consulted Yuan Heng and Prime Minister Zheng Bian. Zheng Bian advocated to let him go, while Yuan Heng advocated to urge Li Kai to go to Beijing at the same time. Li Kai rebelled and was pacified for more than a month.

In the second year of Yuanhe (807), gaochongwen was the commander of the camp. After the Sichuan rebellion, all the military supplies, gold and silk in the warehouse, curtain bearing dust, kabuki dancers and skilled craftsmen were collected. When Wu Yuanheng came to office, the people were full of complaints. Three years after Wu Yuanheng formulated the regulations, the people and the Yin government became rich, and the minority nationalities in Shu came back. During this period, Wu Yuanheng discovered Pei Du's talent and transferred him to zhangjiedu mansion. Wu Yuanheng succeeded Gao Chongwen in charge of Xichuan.

In 813 A.D., Wu Yuanheng, who ruled Shu for seven years, still paid homage to his servants and Tongping Zhangshi. At that time, the prime ministers Li Jifu and Li Jiang were at odds with each other and quarreled constantly. Yuan Heng was not biased towards them, and Xianzong praised them as loyal elders. In the 10th year of Yuanhe period, Wu Yuanji, the governor of Huaixi, conspired against the army, and Emperor Xianzong appointed Wu Yuanheng to lead the army to wipe out caizhou in Huaixi. It caused the fear of Chengde Jiedu envoy Wang Chengzong, Ziqing Jiedu envoy Li Shidao and other separatist forces colluding with Huaixi, and decided to assassinate Wu Yuanheng and other major war ministers in order to save caizhou. Li Shidao and his recruiters thought: "the reason why the emperor wholeheartedly denounced Cai Zhou is that Wu Yuanheng helped him. Please let me go to assassinate him secretly. If Wu Yuanheng died, the other prime ministers would not dare to take charge of the plan to attack caizhou, and would try to persuade the emperor to stop using troops. "

be assassinated

On June 3, the 10th year of Yuanhe (815), when the morning drum was beating and the sky was not clear, Wu Yuanheng, the Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty, opened the door and left the door of his mansion in Jing'an square of Chang'an city. He walked along the left side of the road with a width of one hundred steps (147 meters) and went to the Daming Palace. Just after leaving the east gate of Jing'an square, he was shot out of the lantern by an assassin hiding in the dark and was assassinated. At the same time, Pei Du, the deputy of the upper court, was also assassinated Stab injury.

Anecdotes of characters

Friendship

Wu Yuanheng and Bai Juyi have long had the experience of singing in poetry. When Wu Yuanheng was in Xichuan, he once played in the old house garden of Wei linggong, the former governor of Xichuan. There was a beautiful peacock by the pool in the garden. Wu Yuanheng wrote an impromptu poem called peacock, which said: Xun Ling used to live here, so there were birds in the nest. Shake the golden green tail and fly the blue and dark. If you are a guest, the beauty will hurt you. Because of the southern envoys, we have to let the Sea Cloud deep. The poem expresses the poet's sympathy between the lines, is full of thoughts beyond words, and laments the changes of life. Wu Yuanheng was quite proud of his five rhythms, so when he returned to Chang'an, he showed it to the ministers of the court, which attracted many poets to sing. After reading this poem, Bai Juyi felt that the description of peacock in this poem was not satisfactory, the image was not bright and flexible, and the emotion was not deep and thorough. Therefore, Bai Juyi's poem is called "he Wu Xiang Gong Gan Wei Ling Gong Jiu Chi Peacock (with deep words)". The poem says: "Suo Mo Shao color, there is no master bird by the pool. It's hard to gather with mud wings, but easy to bear people's hearts. The top is green and the tail is gold. It's impossible to fly back, so the nest is deep in the sea of clouds. " Han Yu and Wang Jian also made peace with each other in poems. Han Yu wrote "the peacock raised by Wei Taiwei, the Minister of Fenghe and Wu Xianggong in the town of Shu": "how old is mu Luan and Fengyou. Wandering and losing old style, isolated and thinking long. Cuijiao towering, Jinhua Huan phase. I'm very grateful to you, and I've been guarding the steps with all my life. " Wang Jian wrote the book "he Wu Men Xia Shang Wei Ling Peacock": "Gu Hao Qiu Ge Yin, Wei Ling is in time. Looking for company, the sea mountain is black, homesick orange pomelo is deep. Raise one's head to hear the old song and cherish the residual gold. Haggard does not fly, heavy Jun pool heart Compared with Wu Yuanheng's poems, Han's poems are slightly inferior, while Bai's and Wang's poems are both excellent, especially Bai Juyi's singing poems, which respond to Wu Yuanheng's original works in rhythm, and are more deeply sad in emotion than Wu Yuanheng's poems, indicating that the peacock has been stranded in Shu for a long time, has a sense of being reduced to a foreign land, and Yuhe has been injured. Even if it is released, it is difficult to return to its old nest, and the emotional tone is very sad Very good.

Lingering and ambiguous

Although Wu Yuanheng and Bai Juyi are colleagues and friends, they are still rivals. Wu Yuanheng, known as the most beautiful man in Tang Dynasty, had a very ambiguous relationship with Xue Tao when he was the governor of Xichuan. This makes Bai Juyi jealous. Wu Yuanheng once wrote a poem "to the Taoist": linen clothes are like snow and a plum, smile and make-up. If you go to Yuexi and meet yuenv, the white lotus will bloom in the red lotus pond. The poet praised and appreciated the beautiful woman in white, and fell in love with her beauty. This graceful talented woman charmed the poet, as pure as the elegant white plum in his heart. Her eyes and smile are so touching and affectionate. The poet seems to have entered into a sweet dream. He seems to see the woman in white come to a stream of Yue State and walk into the middle of a group of Huansha women in red clothes. The charm and charm dazzle people's eyes, just like a white lotus in a red lotus. Her elegant charm is graceful and beautiful, and naturally wonderful. Wu Yuanheng was born into an official family and a great nephew of Wu Zetian. He was not only intelligent and studious, well read and good at poetry, but also handsome and elegant. How can such a beautiful man not make a beautiful woman move. Xue Tao also wrote "send a friend" which is even more sensational: "there is frost on the reeds of the water country at night, the moon is cold, and the mountains are blue. Who said that thousands of miles since this evening, away from the dream as long as the fortress In the poem, the words are true, and the layers of twists and turns push the persistent love of Acacia to the climax step by step. The so-called Yi people are on the water side. Back to follow it, the road is blocked and long; back to swim from it, just in the middle of the water ", Xue Tao's yearning for friends is so long. People are thousands of miles apart. From this evening, people can't help but think of "a good time for thousands of miles to rest overnight" (Li Yi). The poet's infinite affection and regret are put into "leaving the dream". Xue Tao, a beautiful poet living in Sichuan, once wrote a poem to Wu Yuanheng at a banquet held by Wu Yuanheng. Her poem "two poems of the Prime Minister of Wu Yuanheng in Shangchuan" says: "the setting sun is heavy in the city, and the fog is heavy in the evening. The Dai banquet is carved to recommend the princes. The festival of Diao Zan long is more suitable for spring. The painting corner of the military city stops three times, the cloud curtain begins to drop, and the red candle is new. " Wu Yuanheng wrote the title of Jialing post in the middle of Shu: the wind is long around the mountains, and the rain is like smoke. In the middle of the road, the head of Jialing is white, and the west of Shumen is even greener. Xue Tao also wrote the book "continue Jialing post poem to offer Wu Xiangguo": "the west of Shumen rises to the sky, and it is strong to sing the song of Shuguo. Zhuo's Changqing was called a scholar's daughter, and Jinjiang Yulei offered mountains and rivers. " It can be seen from their poems that the two men's lingering ambivalence in Shu made Bai Juyi and other literati who admired Xue Tao envious of the third year of Yuanhe. Wu Yuanheng played Xue Tao as a school scholar, just like Wu Yuanheng's personal secretary.

refined and cultured

Wu Yuanheng, the servant of Huangmen, went to Xichuan, where local officials entertained him. Xichuan engaged in (prefecture assistant official) Yang Si was very drunk and forced Wu Yuanheng to drink with a big glass. When Wu Yuanheng didn't drink, Yang Si poured wine on him and claimed that I used wine to bathe you. Wu Yuanheng didn't move. After he finished pouring the wine, he slowly stood up, changed his clothes and took part in the reception.

poem which portends what will happen to the poet

On the eve of being assassinated, Wu Yuanheng wrote a poem with the meaning of poetic prophecy, which is called "summer night work"

Chinese PinYin : Wu Yuan Heng