liu zhongyong

liu zhongyong

liu zhongyong

（？ He was born in Yuxiang of Puzhou (now Yongji of Shanxi Province) and a frontier poet of Tang Dynasty. It's a member of Liu Zongyuan's family. During the Dali period, Jinshi was once a member of the Hongfu family. Xiao Yingshi is a wife. He has a literary name with his brother, Bank of China. He became friends with Lu Lun and Li Duan. The selected song is the most popular one. There are only 13 poems in Quan Tang Shi. His poems are mainly about the complaint of the frontier fortress, but his spirit is depressed, which does not return to the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

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Liu Zhongyong (? - 775?), whose name is light, has the character of Zhongyong in Tang Dynasty

Frontier Poets

. Yuxiang, Puzhou

(now Yongji, Shanxi Province) is a member of the Liu Zongyuan clan. During the Dali period, Jinshi was once a member of the Hongfu family. Xiao Yingshi is a wife. He has a literary name with his brother, Bank of China. He became friends with Lu Lun and Li Duan. The selected song is the most popular one. There are only 13 poems in Quan Tang Shi. His poems are mainly about the complaint of the frontier fortress, but his spirit is depressed, which does not return to the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Main works

Listen to Zheng

Pluck string to promote the column to listen to Qin Zheng, infinite Qin people's grievances. It's like knowing the state of willows by the spring breeze, or the feeling of flowers by the singing birds. Who worries about the lights at night? Where to think of the moon? more into several parting hate, Jiangnan Branch Road Luoyang City.

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Zheng is a kind of plucked string instrument. It is said that it was made by Meng Tian of Qin Dynasty, so it is also called Qin Zheng. Its pronunciation is sad, which makes people "feel sad and sigh, pathetic and haggard and sad" (Han Hou Jin's Zheng Fu). This poem is about the poet's musical feeling when he listens to Zheng, and its pattern and performance skills are unique. The first sentence "pluck string to promote the column to listen to Qin Zheng", "pluck string to promote the column" points out the special action of playing Zheng. On the surface of Zheng's rectangular speaker, there are 13 strings. Each string is supported by a column. The column can move left and right to adjust the volume. When playing, pluck the zither string with fingers or deer bone claws; slow plucking is called "plucking string", and quick plucking is called "promoting column". The music, which is fast and slow, high and low, flies out of the skillful fingertips of "string pulling and column pushing" and spreads to the poet's ears. The poet listens attentively, listening to it in the ear and understanding it in the heart. "Listen" is the "topic" of this poem, and the bottom content comes from the word "listen". What is the most outstanding feeling of the poet when he listens to the zither -- "endless complaints of Qin people". The poet associate Qin Zheng with the voice of Qin people. According to Qin Zhou Ji, "the mountain is about 180 Li in the west of the eastern part of Gansu Province, and the mountain is about 400 Li in the east of Qinchuan. The people of Shandong have been promoted to this position, and those who look forward to it are all sad. " This is what the poet called "the sad voice of Qin people". In this way, the poet exaggerates his feelings of sadness and resentment caused by listening to Zheng. Next, around the word "sadness and resentment", the poet has launched a series of rich imagination and detailed description of Zheng sound. "It's like chasing the spring breeze to know the state of willows, like singing birds to know the feelings of flowers." Zheng sound like willows blowing the spring breeze, catkins saying goodbye; also like cuckoos around the falling flowers, chirping blood. The poet skillfully integrated the music on the string with the scenery of nature, and immediately transformed the sad music into a vivid image. The late spring scene of willow swaying, catkins chasing, falling flowers and cuckoo singing seems to present to the readers; the spring breeze, willow, flowers and birds are forced to reveal their feelings, which further exaggerates the feeling of parting in spring. with the change of the sound of "pulling strings to promote the column", the poet's more wonderful association is aroused: "who worries about the shadow of the lamp alone at night? Where is the empty building thinking of the bright moon? " The last one is about the scenery of nature, while this one is about the joys and sorrows of the world, which is more real and touching. The deep, faint Zheng sound is like the white haired old mother sitting in front of the lamp, sobbing at the shadow for the wanderer's not coming back, or the beautiful young woman standing at the head of the building, sighing for her husband's far away. The two words "Du" and "Kong" make the picture particularly desolate, adding the weight of looking forward to my son and thinking about my husband and parting sorrow. "Worrying about the shadow of the lamp" and "thinking about the bright moon" are implicit and thought-provoking: there is no one else in front of the lamp, and you can only see your own shadow. You can see how lonely you are. You can't help worrying. There are no relatives at the head of the building, only the moon is hanging high, so we can see how empty it is. We have to think about it. If the writing of these two places is "under the lamp of sorrow" and "thinking away from others", it will be dull. This couplet uses metaphors and "who's home" and "where" interrogative sentences, which not only shows the beauty of uneven changes with the previous couplet, but also can arouse the imagination of readers, so that everyone can taste the beautiful and moving musical image composed by the Zheng sound according to their own life experience. The images of the above two couplets vividly depict the "bitterness" of the Zheng sound, which makes people feel sad and resentful when they say goodbye. Zheng sound "bitter", if the listener also harbors "bitter" feeling, Zheng string and heartstring corresponding, then it will feel more bitter. Liu Zhongyong, a poet, listened to Zheng with bitterness. "More into a few heavy parting hate, Jiangnan Branch Road Luoyang City." It means: Zheng sound is originally bitter, not to mention it is mixed with my hatred of parting, which makes me miss my relatives far away! "Luoyang City, a branch road in the south of the Yangtze River", refers to the distance between the north and the South and the Acacia between the two places. Liu Zongyuan, the poet's nephew and famous litterateur, was demoted to the southern frontier after he failed in the political reform of Wang Shuwen group. The last two sentences may be a reflection. this poem about the sound of Zheng doesn't focus on the exquisite skill of the player, but on the sound of Zheng to convey the feelings of the heart and express the feelings of parting. The poet starts to associate and uses novel and appropriate metaphors to describe all kinds of plaintive sounds on the zither strings. The poem focuses on "Sheng", but does not directly write "Sheng", without using an onomatopoeia. Instead, it focuses on depicting various images that are bound to emit "sad complaints", arousing readers' Association, making people see and hear them, showing the artistic effect of "silence is better than sound at this time".

Asking for complaints

Year by year, Jinhe Fuyu pass, Dynasty horse policy and Dao ring. The white snow in the spring returns to Qingzhong, and the Yellow River flows around Heishan

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notes

(1) Jinhe: refers to the Daqinghe River, which flows into the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia. Yuguan: short for Yumen pass. Year: refers to the year month, the following "Dynasty" synonymous. (2) horse policy: horse whip. Knife ring: the ring of a knife head. It is a metaphor for war. (3) three spring: three months of spring or late spring, here is late spring. Qingzhong: Tomb of emperor Zhaojun of Han Dynasty, in the south of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. (4) Heishan: a Shahu mountain, in the southeast of today's Hohhot, Inner Mongolia.

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Yu Biyun said: "the four names are all antithetical, with strong style. The title of the poem is "asking for resentment". The first two sentences are about love and the second two sentences are about scenery. They all contain resentment. They are inlaid with four characters: green, white, yellow and black

Chinese PinYin : Liu Zhong Yong