Yu Yue

Yu Yue

Yu Yue (December 25, 1821 - February 5, 1907) was a native of Nandai village, Guanxiang Township, Deqing County, Zhejiang Province. At the end of Qing Dynasty, he was a famous scholar, litterateur, Confucian classics scholar, ancient philologist and calligrapher. The great grandfather of modern poet Yu Pingbo, Zhang Taiyan, Wu Changshuo and Chen Zheng of Inoue, all came out of his family. Qing Daoguang thirty years (1850) Jinshi, was the Imperial Academy editor.

Later, Yu Yue was appreciated by Emperor Xianfeng and allowed to study politics in Henan Province. He was impeached by censor Cao Dengyong and dismissed from office because he played "the examination separated the classics". He moved to Suzhou and devoted himself to learning for more than 40 years. It is broad and profound to study Confucian classics, as well as scholars, historiography, exegesis, opera, poetry, novels and calligraphy. Many scholars at home, Japan, Korea and other countries have asked him to be a master of Puxue. He wrote more than 500 volumes, which is called "spring in the hall". Besides the 50 volumes of Qun Jing Ping Yi, 50 volumes of Zhuzi Ping Yi, 16 volumes of Cha Xiang Shi Jing Shuo, and 7 volumes of doubtful examples of ancient books, there are 30 volumes of the first floor series and a total of 100 volumes of Qu Yuan Yu Lou Za Zuan. There is a biography of the draft of Qing history.

Life of the characters

Yu Yue was born on the second day of December in the first year of Daoguang (1821) in Nandai village, the eastern suburb of Deqing County, Zhejiang Province, when his father Yu Hongjian was in Beijing. When he was four years old, because it was difficult for him to study as a teacher in Nandai, he followed his mother, Mrs. Yao Tai, and his brother, Yu Lin, to his mother's home in Linping, Hangzhou, and left his hometown. From then on, he set foot on the road of inheriting his father's career and entered the Imperial Academy.

Yu family is a famous family in Deqing. Since the end of Yuan Dynasty, Yu Xixian moved to Deqing. Most of his ancestors lived in agriculture, so there was no genealogy. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Yu tingcha and his son Yu Hongjian had only three people to hear about, and Yu Yue was the fourth. Although the Yu family moved many times, Yu Yue regarded himself as the Yu family of Deqing. Later, he made three seals, which were called "Yu family of Deqing", "Wujinshan house" and "villagers of Nandai". He also said "Wujinshan in my city" in his poems to show that he did not forget the hometown and birthplace of Deqing. Today, there is still the "four immortals bridge" built by Yu Yue in his later years in Nandai village, Deqing County. When the bridge was built, he had a hunch that he would also go to the immortals, which was named after "four immortals". The four immortals are called their distant ancestors, grandfather, father and himself, and the bridge couplet is on the south side of the bridge: "two oars pan light boats, green water flows to the north and South Dai; one is horizontal, and the green saddle is stable." In addition, there is a connection on the north side of the bridge.

In 1850, Yu Yuezhong was the 19th Jinshi. And in the previous retest, his performance is particularly outstanding. Yu Yue wrote a poem with the title of "light smoke, sparse rain, falling flowers in the sky". The first sentence of the poem is extraordinary, saying: "flowers are still falling in spring." This sentence was highly appreciated by the examiner Zeng Guofan, who once praised it: "it's similar to" flying back to the wind dance, and it's already half a face makeup "(Song Qi's poem). It's impossible to measure it in the future." In the examination poems, Yu Yue's poems are outstanding works, and carry forward the main melody of the Qing government's adherence to the family and country, so he ranked first. Yu Yue was very grateful for Zeng Zhiba's kindness. Unexpectedly, he was too scholarly to be an official. It is said that he could at least be a school official, but he was impeached by the censor after only one term as a school official in Henan Province.

Yu Yue returned to Jiangnan and rented a house in Suzhou. Dumen wrote that "the original classic" and sought truth from the depth of the text. He claimed that this period of life was "the Sutra of a poor family". He named the main room of his residence in Suzhou "Chun Zai Tang". He said, "although there are famous mountains and terraces, you can't look at them. But if there is a word spread, can you say" Chun Zai "? This is the rogue's words, which can be used to explain the irony, because Yan's residence says "spring is in the hall." It can be seen that spring in the hall is deduced from the sentence "flowers fall and spring is still there". At the same time, he also teaches his disciples. In the spring of the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), he was lecturing at Ziyang Academy in Suzhou. Because the Taiping army conquered the Jiangnan camp, he avoided the war in Suzhou and stayed in the new town of Deqing County for half a month. One of his disciples, Tong misun, lived in front of the West Temple in the new town. He accompanied him to juehai temple, a famous temple in the town. He was very interested in the anecdotes of thunder books in juehai temple and made textual research. In the notes of Youtai temple, he wrote that the temple of juehai temple in Qingxin Town, Wu Xingde, was built in the Tang Dynasty. The huge materials were painted and peeled off for a long time. There are more than ten words of "you, Hou, Li, Yue, you, Li, Huo, Xie, Jun, Si, Tong" in the inverted script. All the people in the town said that the book was written by thunder god, and no one can explain it for hundreds of years For. In his essays on spring in the hall, he is more familiar with the history and geography of the Deqing Dynasty, such as the old place name wulintou (in today's Qianyuan town) in the Deqing Dynasty. After textual research, he said, "Wulin is the mistake of the five willows. "Ming history · geography · Huzhou deqingxia" has Xiatang inspection department, and later moved to Wuliu port, which is also the place; another example is Wujiang Chen Songshu '.

Because of his works, Yu Yue was invited to teach in many academies. At that time, he was famous for his 3000 scholars and 400 prefectures, including Qianxi academy and Deqing students In the winter of the sixth year of tongzhi (1867), Yu Yue and Mrs. Yaotai went back to Deqing to bury their father, which was located on the side of the original ancestral tombs of Jine mountain. Since then, every year when he traveled from Suzhou to Hangzhou, he had to make a detour back to Deqing and "go to the tombs of his ancestors.". As a result, he taught in Qianxi Academy of Deqing Dynasty (a Zhougong academy, in the east of Confucianism), but his teaching was short and intermittent. In his autobiographical poem, he wrote affectionately: "more to Qingxi, more to Jiuqi, one spring and one stone always leave a topic. Although he stole the famous mountain mat, he didn't see the mountain to Shanxi. " "Huang Shouchen, the governor of Zhejiang Province, recommended Yu Zhu's speech in Shengxian, but he didn't go there," he said When he had resigned from all the teaching posts and was over 80 years old, he still visited Xiantan Academy (in the new town) twice at the new moon of every month. He wrote about 800 characters of the inscriptions of Xiantan academy, and inscribed a plaque of "jingyelequn" on it. It was regarded as the school motto.

In addition to offering sacrifices and lectures, Yu Yue also paid attention to the scenery of his hometown and cherished his homesickness. In the spring of 1869, he visited Cixiang temple, banyuequan, Baoqing temple and panlongshi, and wrote a group of poems about the past. In the 11th year of tongzhi (1871), he went to the liuhou temple in Ximen city to worship Liu chagong, the grandfather of Liu Zongyuan, and wrote the chronicle of liuhou Temple (see the new chronicle of Deqing County in the Republic of China). In 1884, he accompanied sun yubiyun back to Deqing County to try, but he didn't get what he expected. He won the first place in the middle school. In 1887, when the Gongyuan bridge in his hometown collapsed and needed to be rebuilt, he generously offered 300 liang of silver as a subsidy and happily wrote the inscription on rebuilding Gongyuan bridge. In 1889, the counties in Huzhou were hit by floods, especially in Deqing. After hearing about it, he printed 1000 books and remitted the money to the Deqing relief Bureau. His deep love for Deqing is growing stronger and stronger, just as he said in his later years of the reconstruction of Confucianism in Deqing County: "I am old and tired, and I am the hope of my country."

In the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (February 5, 1907), Yu Yue died at the age of 86 and was buried at the eastern foot of Santai, West Lake. He wrote 10 farewell poems on his deathbed.

Character evaluation

In the elegiac couplet of Ai Shi Zhang Yu Qu Yuan, Rui'an sun Yirang said: a generation of master teachers, whose name should be in Jiading and Gaoyou, gathered together in the eighth year of Fang Ji's reign and counted Qiao song together. Why did they cry when they read the two Pingyi's posthumous letters? After 30 years of private Shu, they were not listed in the class of Zhao Shang and Zhang Yi. Kuang Fu's father was withered and half pitied for growing grass. Now he is a god of returning crane and picking up the three big hand ink. He will be lonely for the rest of his life Swallow.

People's Daily News < I > (some understandings about Yu Yue) < / I >: Yu Yue is a general Confucianist with a wide range of academic achievements. As far as his works are concerned, his research in specific fields seems not so profound compared with the achievements of later scholars. But as far as Yu Yue is concerned, his academic status is not only reflected in the specific research results, but also in the inheritance of traditional academic. He himself repeatedly stressed that his academic orientation was "ladder and beam learning". Yu Yue's three representative works were completed from 1864 to 1868, which had an important influence on the traditional academic development of the following one or two decades.

Zhang Taiyan's biography of Mr. Yu: Zhejiang Puxue Mr. Chang Zi, the guest of honor, is Huang Yizhou and sun Yirang.

Personal achievement

overview

Yu Yue was an influential scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. He is good at the study of Confucian classics, poetry, novels and operas. His notes are very extensive and contain valuable materials of Chinese academic history and literary history. He is good at poetry, gonglishu, and is knowledgeable. He has written a lot of classics, Chinese exegesis, and novel notes. He has been writing tirelessly all his life. His main works include xiaofumei gossip, youtaixianguan notes, and chaxiangshizachao, which are compiled as chunzaitang Quanshu, with 500 volumes.

Novel research

An important contribution to popular novels is to revise the three heroes and five righteousness, so that the novel can be widely spread. Zhao Jingshen said in the foreword of "three chivalry and five justice" written in January 1956 that "three chivalry and five justice" was originally named "biography of chivalry of the martyrs", which appeared in 1879. In 1889, when Yu Yue first saw this book, he thought that the first time that civet cat changed the crown prince was "very involved", so he referred to the history of the Song Dynasty and the memoir to delete it. He also thought that there were not only three chivalrous men in the book, but also five chivalrous men, namely, the southern chivalrous man, the northern chivalrous man, the double chivalrous man Ding and the little chivalrous man AI Hu. The intelligent black fox is also the teacher of Xiaoxia, and Shen Zhongyuan, the little Zhuge, is called the master of Xiaoxia in the 100th chapter of Zhongsheng

Chinese PinYin : Yu Yue