Dudgeon

Dudgeon

Du Qiong (1396-1474) was named Dongyuan, a Taoist of Luguan, a native of Wuwu mountain, the owner of Yanlu Pavilion, and his posthumous title was Mr. yuanxiao. He was also known as Mr. Dongyuan, a native of Wu county (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province) of Suzhou Prefecture in nanzhili. Ming Dynasty writer, calligrapher and painter, book collector, historian.

Du Qiong was born in a wealthy family. She was diligent and intelligent when she was young. She was famous for her filial piety in the countryside. Later, she learned from Chen Ji and inherited her career, teaching and apprenticeship. Later, he was recommended to take part in the compilation of Taizong (Zhu Di), Xuanzong (Xuanzong) and yudizhi, as well as the collation of Sujun Zhi. He was well received by the imperial court and respected by the local people. In 1474, Du Qiong died at the age of 79.

Although Du Qiong was treated with courtesy by the imperial court and favored by the countryside, he was indifferent to fame and was drunk in the seclusion of poetry and painting. He is good at calligraphy and painting, especially landscape painting. He is a representative painter of the early Wu school.

His paintings handed down from generation to generation include the painting of Nancun villa, the landscape painting for Wu Kuan, the painting volume of Yousong, and so on. In addition, he also wrote poetry works such as dongyuanji, genyuzalu and jishanlu.

(overview photo source: Portrait of Mr. Du Yuanxiao in Ming Dynasty < / I > < I >) < / I >

Life of the characters

Early experience

Du Qiong was born in a wealthy family. His father Du Yu, who was named Caotang, had a high cultural accomplishment. However, according to the chronicle of Du Dongyuan written by Shen Zhou, "in the first month of the 30th year of Hongwu, Mr. Lu Youshi, the father of Caotang, lived in the capital and died in the mansion of Dazhongqiao." his father died in the capital soon after Du Qiong was born, so Du Qiong had to depend on his mother Gu. The mother and the son are often taken care of by Gu Dehua, who is very kind to Du Qiong.

Du Qiong has been diligent and intelligent since childhood, and his mother teaches him benevolence, righteousness, loyalty and filial piety day and night, which makes Du Qiong honest and generous. He is famous for his filial piety in the countryside. According to Qian Qianyi's biography of the collection of poems of the dynasties, "I have tasted the disease of my mother Kuang Zhong, the sheriff, recommended it. He could not say anything. Please honor mother's day Kuang Zhong, the sheriff, recommended him twice, but he refused, and asked that his mother's Mingde be commended.)

When Du Qiong was 12 years old, she learned from Liu Mengchu, a teacher of rural school, and was able to understand the book of filial piety and the Analects of Confucius. At the age of 14, he learned from Chen Ji. Under his guidance, Du Qiong was well versed in ancient and modern times, and his poems were "elegant and elegant". In addition, although there is no record of Chen Jigong's teaching Du Qiong calligraphy and painting in the literature, Du Qiong is likely to be influenced by him in the enlightenment stage of painting creation.

After Chen Ji became a doctor of Hanlin, he selected Du Qiong to carry on his career, so Du Qiong became a teacher, and "apprenticed and rural".

In 1420, Du Qiong was called to Beijing to read Dagao. Two years later, she finished her first manuscript Xueyan. At this time, he has become a model of the local sages and scholars.

In the first year of Hongxi's reign (1425), the Ming Taizong (Zhu Di) record was compiled by Suzhou government.

Middle age experience

In 1435, Zhu Zhanji, Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty, died, and Du Qiong was recommended as the president of the seven counties who compiled the record of Xuanzong.

In the first year of Zhengtong (1436), he created the landscape painting of setting colors.

In the sixth year of Zhengtong (1441), Wu Jun was a scholar. He was named after Yu Zhenmu and Chen Jiqi. Before long, he created "the painting of Nancun villa" (before 1443) and "the painting of imitating Wang mengtaibai mountain" (1442, the seventh year of Zhengtong).

In the eighth year of Zhengtong (1443), he created the painting of Tingquan.

In the fifth year of Jingtai (1454), the imperial court compiled the local records, and the sheriff Wang Hu asked him to compile the local affairs. In the same year, he created landscape axis

Old age experience

Tianshun seven years (1463), the creation of "Tianxiang library map axis.".

In the second year of Chenghua (1466), he created the painting of spring in Jiangnan.

Chenghua three years (1467), the creation of "ink landscape axis.".

In 1468, Du Qiong created the painting of Nanhu thatched cottage for Zhou Ding. In the same year, he also made "imitating Wu Zhonggui's landscape axis", "Shilin's painting axis" and "moon boat's painting".

In 1469 (the fifth year of Chenghua), he was invited to drink in the countryside. In the same year, he wrote the picture of Baode Yinghua.

In the eighth year of Chenghua (1472), he created landscape painting for Wu Kuan and spring mountain riding painting.

In 1474, he took part in the revision of Su Jun Zhi and died at the age of 79. There were thousands of people buried.

Memorial after death

In the 11th year of Hongzhi (1498), its famous brand was set up in the Xiangxian temple, which became a model of morality, talent and learning of Wu clan. In the same year, Shen Zhou, one of his disciples, specially drew the original picture of the East, and wrote a chronicle of Du Qiong's life and a memorial ceremony to show his respect and nostalgia for the teacher

Celebrity anecdotes

Like to collect

Du Qiongxi's collection of paintings and calligraphy is called yanlv Pavilion. Qian Qianyi recorded in his biography of poetry anthologies of liechao: "in the early Ming Dynasty, Yu Yan, Yu Kan and Chen Jixian of Lushan were known as the four major collectors. After being called Jingtai, Junmin Xiucai and jiguduozang, led by Du Dongyuan. There is a "three friends Pavilion" at home, which includes books collection and painting

From Younan Village

Du Qiong wrote in the picture of Nancun villa: "Yu Shaoyou's visit to Mr. Nancun's gate is the most profound experience with the clear wind." Wu Kuan wrote a postscript on the painting: "Mr. Dongyuan (DU Qiong) has been traveling for a long time." Mr. Nancun is Tao Zongyi. It can be seen that Du Qiong followed Tao Zongyi for a long time when she was young and was influenced by him.

Overview of works

Paintings

Handed down paintings

Works handed down from generation to generation include:

The painting of Mount Montague in 1442, collected in the Nelson Museum of art;

Before the eighth year of Zhengtong (1443), he wrote ten pages of the picture of Nancun villa (collected in Shanghai Museum);

The painting of Tingquan (collected in the Palace Museum of Taipei), written in the eighth year of Zhengtong;

Jingtai five years (1454) for the "landscape map" axis (collection of Beijing Palace Museum);

In the seventh year of Tianshun (1463), he wrote the scroll of Tianxiang bookstore (collected in Shanghai Museum);

In the third year of Chenghua (1467), he wrote the axis of landscape painting with ink brush (collected in Sichuan Provincial Museum);

In the fourth year of Chenghua (1468), he wrote the axis of the painting of Shi Lin (collected in Taipei Palace Museum);

Four years after Chenghua, he wrote the axis of the painting of Nanhu thatched cottage (in Taipei Palace Museum);

In the fifth year of Chenghua (1469), he wrote the painting of Baode Yinghua;

In 1472, the axis of landscape painting for Wu Kuan and the axis of spring mountain riding painting were collected in the Palace Museum of Beijing.

In addition, you song (collected in the Palace Museum of Beijing), imitating Dong Ju's landscape (also known as landscape for Jixi, collected in the Honolulu Art Museum), Meng Xuan Tang (collected in the Palace Museum of Beijing) and Shou Xu Tian Quan (collected in collaboration with Liu Jue and Shen Zhou) are unknown.

A Book handed down from generation to generation

"Rongdengtie"

Non handed down works

The painting of setting colors (1436, the first year of Zhengtong), the painting of Jiangnan Spring (1466, the second year of Chenghua), the painting of imitating Wu Zhonggui's (Wuzhen), the painting of moon boat (1468, the fourth year of Chenghua), the painting of fan with axis, the painting of Xishan reading, the painting of wancuixuan, the painting of fishing hidden in Jiangcun (the year of these works is unknown)

Poetry works

collection of poems and essays

Dongyuan collection

Anthology

Ji Shan Lu

Poetry

Bamboo

The dew leaves and the wind branches connect with the water town, and I remember Xiaoxiang relatively several times. Cold clouds, flowing water, sunset, a song breaks the guest's heart.

Banzhu

If you go to South China, you can't go back to South China. There are also Fuchuan suzimo, whose branches and leaves are still mottled.

Narcissus under bamboo

Wearing ring fragrance, cold water and wind, light dust lining socks. Where to play the twenty-four strings, and ask the sorrow to xiang'e.

Ping'an

A hundred years of life experience is like floating. If there is a trace into the habitat Park, there can be no root left.

Willow evening breeze moved to the other side of the river, peach blossom spring water flooding. Chu ballad breaks the dream of the river and the lake, forgetting the opportunity to chase seagulls everywhere.

《

Su Tai: send Shen Yuanfu back to Qinchuan

》

I miss my return soon after I meet you. I can't bear to hear the decline of Chaolai song. A few cups of green wine, a few old friends.

Apricot blossoms drizzle away, willows wind blowing diaoji. Tomorrow home, spring is warm, except season try spring clothes.

Spring day

White hair is languidly combed but not wrapped. Gaozhai is speechless and sad. Worry about who is like a prison girl, Kuangshi is hard to find a builder.

In the rain, the grass loves the spring. It's hard to get drunk before you're ripe. If you want to borrow the mellow mash, ask your neighbor.

On leisure in spring

There are many horses on the Red Road, but they are not heard in the green Pavilion. The day turns long, the forest moves the shadow, the rain leaves the fragrant path to grow the moss pattern.

Idle chant from the green Chenopodium, high lying who book white practice skirt. If you don't live long enough, you'll grow old soon. I'm afraid I'll be polite in this life.

Cailing painting

Tiaoxi is high in autumn and the water begins to fall. Red skirt green bun who family, boat like shuttle does not park.

It's cold as ice with its slender fingers. Not afraid of cold and stab damage, just afraid to go home without fighting up.

Huzhou people's customs are beautiful. Men understand farming and women understand silk. Cailinglang is a mulberry gatherer and works with his family.

The setting sun, the green mountains, the lake and the sky. A song of the Qing Dynasty follows the way back, not like a lotus picking song sung by Yexi.

Appreciation of works

The spirit of wind in the inscription

On the top right of the painting, the painter said: "it's interesting for me to write about this scene. It's suitable for Mr. Chen Mengxian and Mr. Zheng Dehui to visit. Meng Xian said, "this painting can be used by Zheng Gong? Dehui is not enviable. Mencius Xianqiang's speech is a revelation, but Yu dares not Jin. Wang Wei and Wu daoxuan were reborn with no love. Therefore, they could cultivate their virtue. It's a scholar's disease to play well with your heart. If you look at Dehui, you should be alert to everyone! On the first day of Jiaxu, the fifth year of Jingtai, Du qiongshu wrote In front of the inscriptions and postscripts, there are seals of "Guxin" in Bai and "Jingjie Mingmen" in Zhu

Chinese PinYin : Du Qiong