Li senxian

Li senxian

Li senxian? In 1660, he was also named Linzhi and Linzhi. He was born in Yexian County (now Laizhou, Shandong Province). He was a politician in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. He was elected in 1636, the ninth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, a Jinshi in 1640, and an official doctor of Guozijian. After the Ming Dynasty perished, Li Zicheng surrendered to Li Zicheng's army and was appointed as a priest of Li Zheng Temple by Li Zicheng's regime.

In the first year of Shunzhi (1644), the Qing Dynasty entered Beijing. Li Sen first served in the Qing Dynasty, and then resumed his official position as a doctor. In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), he was appointed as the censor of Jiangxi Dao. He is cold-blooded and selfless. In his life, he takes destroying the noble and evil and upholding justice as his own responsibility. He is famous all over the world and is known as the first censor in the early Qing Dynasty.

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Life of the characters

Li senxian, whose name is Linzhi, was born in Yexian County, Shandong Province. He was once a Jinshi in Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty. In the first year of Shunzhi (1644), after the death of Ming Dynasty, he was appointed as the priest of Li Zheng Temple by Li Zicheng. After Beijing was established in the Qing Dynasty, Li Sen first resumed his official position. In the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the censor Wu Da and others impeached Feng Quan for accepting bribes from Ming generals and indulged his children. In August, Li senxian also pointed out: "in the Ming Dynasty, the world was worse than Wei Zhongxian for more than 200 years, and Wei Zhongxian killed virtuous officials, bribed and conspired against Feng Quan at that time. He asked that Feng Quan should be abandoned in order to promote the great law. " Li Sen's words were very cold, which caused a sensation. Later, as Feng Quan moved up and down, and the Qing Dynasty was employing people, the matter was not settled, but Li Sen was first returned to his original place of residence. In December 1652, all the ministers convicted of impeaching Feng Quan were appointed, and Li Sen was restored to his original post. In the 13th year of Shunzhi (1656), Li Sen first made a tour of Jiangnan with Sichuan Road to supervise the censor. At that time, the anti Qing struggle in Jiangnan had disappeared, but the society was extremely chaotic. Local ruffians and hooligans were rampant, and the powerful and evil gentry invaded and bullied the people, which seriously affected the stability and development of Jiangnan. Some new local officials regarded Jiangnan as a place of wealth, wantonly embezzled and embezzled, which further aggravated the social unrest in Jiangnan. After Li Sen first arrived in Jiangnan, he quickly curbed these customs and stabilized the order there. In the 15th year of Shunzhi (1658), Li Sen first went to the imperial court to ask the court to speak widely and forgive the admonishment Li Chengxiang and others who were convicted of their words. In response to the imperial edict, he said roughly, "the emperor is tireless in seeking the balance of the world, and has issued the imperial edict many times. However, many ministers are hesitant to wait and see. It's all because the ministers who wrote the imperial edict in the past, once they are punished, will be exiled and never continue to use them. They all take advice as a warning to each other. I think if you want to be open-minded, you should be tolerant of Ministers who are remonstrating. For example, Li Chengxiang, Ji Kaisheng, Wei Guan, Li Li, Hao Yu, Zhang Mingjun and so on, were all involved in the official business. If you suffer the emperor's consideration and pity, and let the world know clearly that the emperor is tolerant of his direct ministers, even those who are sent to remote places will not be left out. Can anyone who has the responsibility of offering advice not wash his heart and spare no effort to give advice? " The emperor accused him of buying favor for favoritism, taking away the official position, transferring the punishment department to discuss the crime, and banishing Shangyang fort. Three months later, Emperor Shunzhi pitied him for his loyalty, forgiven him, and ordered him to investigate the famine situation in Henan. Li Sen first came to Ruzhou, Henan Province. His upright quality and outstanding ability were immediately loved by the local people. at that time, the peasants in Ruzhou often fought and sued because of the different standard of measuring land use. Li Sen first learned about this situation, ordered the unification of the measurement bow, the standard length engraved on the stele, fundamentally put an end to the dispute. It has promoted the development of land reclamation. As a result of overwork, Li Sen went to Ruzhou first, but he was not able to get sick in a few months, and died in 1660.

Main achievements

In his life, Li Sen was vigorous and upright. He wrote a plaque of "iron face and ice heart" to show his mind. Despite many frustrations, he was praised as a "true censor" by the people of the time and "the wind of Hai Zhongjie" by the people of the time. When Li Sen first served in the Qing Dynasty, it was the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the situation was uncertain, the society was turbulent, and the law and discipline were chaotic. As a censor in charge of discipline, he made great contributions to the country and the people. In 16 years as a censor, he had three ups and downs and had many ups and downs, but his original intention remained unchanged. At that time, he was known as "the first censor".

Character evaluation

Mori, Li and Kaisheng were punished by Jian, and Dusen was restored first. It's not a crime to die, and the world is especially sad. However, it's different from Mori's people to hold the suspicion of turning outside and give slander to others. (comments on the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty) < / I > during the reign of Shunzhi and Kangxi, it was a public opinion that Li senxian should be the first censor. (Wang Shizhen comments) < / I > "when you are worried, Jia Fu's heart is in pain, so it's hard for Zhu Yun to do things alone. The Ding wok was willing to weave tiger teeth, and the axe was finally drawn up in the Guishan mountain. The hall is full of vigor and vitality, and the wind of the sleeve grass blows through the cold valleys. See column Chong Guan Jun not aware of the danger of head and wall fear also. (Gong Zhilu's "send Li Linzhi back to the mountain" evaluation) < / I > the public is generous and the elder, but jealous of evil is very strict. When Qin Gong was in power, there was no more grass left for all the evils, but the ones who followed were still spreading. The Duke seized them one by one, and the first root was pulled out without any tillers. The fastest one is the prince of excellence, who is good at new voice, and everyone loves it. At the beginning, it was only a banquet drama, but later, all the officials were not happy at the banquet. All the gentry and nobles were welcome by the emperor, and they had to go in and out of the banquet. Later, they abandoned their business and did not do anything. They talked about the relationship with each other, stabbed the people and men, and they were the eyes and ears of all the gentry! < I > (comments on anecdotes of Yantang by anonymous) < / I > < / I > my Cao period is worthy of the sun, the court and the people. Success or failure is the key to success. Today's trip of Gong is glorious to be an immortal! How can you be a prisoner of Chu! (Li Zhenghua comments) < / I >

personal works

He is the author of Jiaoyu garden collection, Li Sen's first admonishment of grass and tianzhongji you

Anecdotes and allusions

In 1656, Li Sen first went to Jiangnan to impeach Li zixie, a corrupt official in Huai'an, and Yang Changling, a corrupt official in Suzhou. Then clean up the local hooligans. At that time, there was an excellent man named Wang Zijia in Suzhou. He was very romantic and skillful. At the end of Ming Dynasty, he wandered between the Gongqing and literati in Kyoto. Famous officials and Confucians in Jiangnan, such as Qian Qianyi and Wu Meicun, all returned their poems and wine, and were called "Wang Lang" instead of "Wang Lang". After entering the Qing Dynasty, this man abandoned his excellent career and ran to the government with his reputation and tact. He talked about official affairs and took charge of lawsuits. It's hard to count the number of women who spend too much time in drinking and profligacy on weekdays. Thousands of them have been left behind, which has become a great harm to Suzhou. After a detailed investigation, Li Sen ordered Wang Zijia to be arrested. He was beaten so weak that Wang Lang's flesh was rotten. Later, Li Qi died outside the gate of Suzhou. There is also a sanzha monk in Suzhou who lives in Tianping mountain, propagandizing heresy, inciting good people and raping women. Li Sen first disguised himself to explore tianpingshan, and tried his best to cover up his bad deeds. He immediately arrested him and beat him to death with a staff of 80. When Li Sen first arrived in Suzhou, a villain surnamed Jin was doing a beauty contest in Huqiu. He and other dandies gathered all the beauties in the Soviet Union. Like Kao Jin Shi, he was awarded the first prize winner, the first prize winner, the first prize winner, the second prize winner and the third prize winner. Li Sen first learned that this man had committed homicide in the late Ming Dynasty and escaped punishment due to the national change. He immediately arrested him, beat him 80 times and killed him on the spot. For a time, the dignitaries of Taiwan Province were scared. After eliminating these three evils, Suzhou's social order has greatly improved, and the people have been running around telling each other and cheering, calling Li senxian "Hai Rui's rebirth". However, Li senxian had not been in Suzhou for a long time. Because of a corruption case, he was falsely accused by the Jiangnan evil gentry, dismissed and sentenced to prison. Leeson had always been honest and clean. He didn't even pay for the journey when he left. When Suzhou citizens learned about this situation, they spontaneously made donations. At that time, there was a big money box in front of the Suzhou government, which said, "I'd like to save censor Li and invest in it." After a while, the cupboard was full. The next day, Suzhou citizens cried to see Li senxian off for decades. All the local officials were sent to the river and looked at each other with tears. When the poet said: "personally see climbing yuan tears, Jinchangcheng water boundless." Li Zhenghua, the prefect of Songjiang, said after drinking wine: "our life is worthy of the sun, the court and the people. Today, Li Gong is arrested, and his glory is better than his immortality. Why are you so pathetic? " After hearing this, Li Sen raised his beard and laughed. He even said thank you.

Historical records

History of the Qing Dynasty, volume 244, biography 31

Chinese PinYin : Li Sen Xian