Fudan University

The word "Fudan" is selected from the famous sentence of "the sun and the moon are shining, and the Dan and Fudan are coming" in Shangshu Dazhuan · Yuxia Zhuan. It is intended to constantly strive for self-improvement and repose the hope of Chinese intellectuals to run schools independently and strengthen education at that time. It is the first university founded by the Chinese people. There is a statue of Chairman Mao in Fudan. There is a lawn in front of the 142 meter Guanghua building. In the evening, you can lie on it and feel the "Guanghua evil wind".

essential information

Fudan school history

drive a cart in ragged clothes to blaze a new trail

In 1905, Yu Youren, Shao Lizi and other former students of Fudan public school broke away from the school and supported Ma Xiangbo to establish Fudan public school in Wusong. On June 29, the former teachers of Fudan University published in the "times" the public address of all Chinese teachers and students, the former director of Fudan University, which is the beginning of the name of Fudan University. The name of the school is extracted from the word "Fudan" in the two sentences of "Qing Yun rotten, Jiu man Xi; sun and moon shining, Dan Fu Dan Xi" in Shangshu Da Zhuan · Yu Xia Zhuan. Its original meaning is to pursue the bright, which means not to forget the old "Sinian" and implies the significance of independent school running and rejuvenating China. On September 14, Fudan officially opened.

In 1911, when the revolution of 1911 broke out, most of Fudan students joined the revolutionary army; in addition to the suspension of funding, the school was occupied by the headquarters of the Recovery Army, and the school was once closed. In mid December, President Ma Xiangbo and Provost Hu Dunfu, with the support of Wuxi gentry, took Li Hanzhang's grand ancestral hall as the classroom and Zhaozhong's ancestral hall as the dormitory to prepare for the resumption of school. From 1905 to 1911, Fudan public school trained 57 graduates from four regular courses.

On May 5, 1912, the Ministry of education of Nanjing Provisional Government announced to all provinces that the overall situation had been initially decided, and colleges and universities and specialized schools should be opened as soon as possible. For a time, schools were preparing to resume classes, but Fudan was helpless because of the lack of school site and financial difficulties. After listening to Yu Youren's report, Dr. Sun Yat Sen immediately decided to allocate a subsidy of 10000 yuan. Later, Fudan moved to the Li Hongzhang ancestral hall in Xujiahui to run a school.

On March 1, 1913, Fudan reopened. On May 3, Shanghai academic circles held a public memorial ceremony for Song Jiaoren. Fudan public school sent people to decorate the Lingtang, and the headmaster Li Denghui, teachers Shao Lizi and Jiang Meisheng made generous speeches at the meeting. Soon, the "February Revolution" broke out, but it failed quickly. Many of the Fudan school directors fled abroad, and the school funding was cut off. President Lee Teng Hui tried his best to increase revenue and reduce expenditure. With the joint efforts of teachers and students, the school's revenue and expenditure finally reached a balance. In the process of overcoming the difficulties, we have formed the tradition of Fudan teachers and students working together, being careful in calculation and paying attention to efficiency.

From 1912 to 1916, a total of 15 college preparatory graduates and 150 middle school graduates were trained. Among them, Zhang zhirang, sun Yueqi and others are well-known.

From 1913 to 1941, Lee Teng Hui was the president of Fudan University for the longest time.

During his term of office, Fudan developed into a well-known and characteristic private comprehensive university, forming a complete school running system from middle school to research institute.

In 1917, Fudan began to handle undergraduate business, renamed private Fudan University, under the arts, science, business three subjects and preparatory and secondary school department. After Fudan was upgraded to university, the number of students increased gradually.

In 1918, President Lee Teng Hui went to Nanyang to raise 150000 yuan, which is the foundation of today's Fudan campus.

In 1919, the May 4th Movement broke out, and Shao Lizi, a Fudan teacher, was the editor in chief of the Republic of China times at that time. So he first received a fax from Beijing and immediately informed Li Denghui and Fudan students that he established the Shanghai students' Union, organized students to insist on class strike and market strike, and stood in the forefront of the struggle, which was supported by Sun Yat Sen.

To lay a foundation

In the winter of 1920, the school was built in Jiangwan and completed in 1922. There is a classroom building, named Jiangong Hall (today's Fudan Museum); an office building, named Yizhu Hall (added two wings in 1929, changed into a library, where today's school history museum is located); the first student dormitory (destroyed in the Anti Japanese War, today's Xianghui hall site); and a teacher dormitory (destroyed).

In April 1922, the University Department moved to Jiangwan, while the middle school department left the original site of Xujiahui, which was called the secondary school affiliated to private Fudan University.

In 1923, Professor Jin Tongyin proposed to set up a department of civil engineering in science, which is divided into roads, bridges and buildings. In the autumn of that year, Fudan established China's first college of psychology under the suggestion of Professor Guo Renyuan, and began to recruit graduate students.

In 1924, Fudan had 841 students and 58 teaching staff.

In 1928, the May 30th massacre broke out, and Fudan students organized volunteers to actively train and prepare to join the army.

In 1929, Fudan University reorganized its departments and departments, adding journalism department, municipal administration department, law department and education department. At that time, there were 17 departments in Fudan University, including four colleges of Arts, science, law and business.

In 1931, the September 18th Incident broke out. Under the leadership of President Lee Teng Hui, Fudan convened a meeting of teachers and students to denounce the incident, and set up a military training committee to strengthen the military training of students. With the support of President Li, Fudan students went to Nanjing three times to petition the Kuomintang government for sending troops to resist Japan. On November 20, more than 100 students from Fudan organized the "volunteer army" to participate in the Anti Japanese War of the 19th Route Army, and were assigned to work in logistics, propaganda, education, etc. During the war, Fudan University moved to the attached middle school of Xujiahui to continue teaching.

After the North China Incident in 1935, Beiping students launched the "12.9" movement. Fudan students immediately responded and went to Shanghai municipal government to petition against North China autonomy. Later, he gathered at the railway station to go to Nanjing to petition. Chiang Kai Shek sent a telegram to Lee Teng Hui. President Lee was forced to go to the railway station to dissuade the students, but the students refused. Due to the obstruction of the Kuomintang authorities, Fudan students drove their own trains to Nanjing to petition, but the tracks were damaged again. "Let's fix it." Students were blocked in Wuxi after repairing the railway. The Kuomintang escorted the students back to Shanghai by force. However, the interruption of the Beijing Shanghai railway for four days has aroused international attention and great repercussions.

In the early morning of March 25, 1936, the Shanghai Municipal military and police authorities surrounded Fudan University and arrested seven cadres of the student National Salvation Association from the dormitory outside the University. In the afternoon, the army and police rushed into the school and beat the teachers and students. The students resisted strongly, and the general and police were expelled from the school. The police shot outside the school, killing a policeman by mistake, and falsely accused the students. On the morning of the 26th, the military and police went to the school to search and arrest, but found nothing. President Lee Teng Hui strongly protested the KMT's atrocities. On the 29th, he held a temporary school board meeting. After the meeting, he went to accuse Shanghai Mayor Wu Tiecheng. Wu admitted that it was wrong to release the news that Fudan students shot and killed police, and promised never to send police to search the school in the future. The National Salvation Association of all circles in Shanghai also issued a declaration to protest against the encirclement of Fudan students by the military and police. Under the opposition and protest from all sides, the Kuomintang had to release all the arrested students, and the struggle won a complete victory. In the second half of the year, President Lee Teng Hui was forced to resign under the conspiracy of the Kuomintang authorities, and Wu Nan Xuan succeeded him. After Wu nanxuan took office, Fudan patriotic students were persecuted and the national salvation movement was strangled.

the period of the war of Resistance Against Japan

On January 8, 1937, in order to carry out the intention of the highest authorities of the Kuomintang to move Fudan University out of Shanghai, the board of directors of Fudan University held its ninth meeting "to find a better place in the Taihu Lake Basin". During the second plenary session of the third Central Committee of the Kuomintang, Rong Desheng, a national capitalist, invested more than 1000 mu of land beside Taihu Lake to facilitate the relocation of Fudan University. Due to the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan, the school relocation plan could not be carried out.

In 1937, Fudan University established four colleges of Arts, science, law and business, with 16 departments. It is attached with a middle school, an experimental middle school and two compulsory primary schools.

In 1937, the August 13 incident broke out, the Japanese invaders invaded Shanghai, and the war was raging. There were very few Fudan students coming to school. Soon after, the Ministry of education of Nanjing sent people to Shanghai to instruct Fudan University, Datong University, Daxia University and Guanghua university to form a temporary United University. Datong and Guanghua withdrew because of lack of funds. Fudan and Daxia formed the first United University in Chinese history. Fudan Daxia United University moved to Jiangxi and Guizhou in two parts. On November 12, Shanghai fell. The first affiliated university of Jiangxi decided to move to Guiyang and merge with the second. Teachers and students made a long journey and arrived in Chongqing at the end of December.

In February 1938, Fudan resumed classes in Chongqing. In March, leaders of Fudan University and Daxia University met in Tongzi, Guizhou, and decided to cancel the "United University" and set up their own universities in Sichuan and Guizhou. In that year, there were more than 60 graduates from Fudan Chongqing University.

In February 1938, he returned to Fudan in Shanghai. This summer vacation, Fudan Shanghai school has 55 graduates.

In the autumn of 1938, Fudan Chongqing University successively established the Department of history and geography, Department of mathematics and statistics, Department of agricultural reclamation, Department of horticulture, Department of farm, tea group, Department of Agronomy, etc.

On May 27, 1940, Japanese planes bombed Fudan University in Chongqing, killing seven teachers and students. Due to the destruction of the school building, the school declared the end of the term temporarily. In the autumn of 1940, Fudan Chongqing University established an agricultural college.

On November 25, 1941, the first session of the fifth executive yuan of the national government passed a resolution that Fudan University should be changed from a private university to a national university with Wu nanxuan as its president. On December 8, the Pacific War broke out and the Japanese invaders entered the Shanghai concession. Li Denghui announced that Fudan Shanghai school would implement "three no's", that is, it would not register with the enemy and puppets, would not be subsidized by the enemy and puppets, would not be interfered by the enemy and puppets, and would immediately suspend its operation. In the enemy puppet war

Chinese PinYin : Fu Dan Da Xue