Tingzhou ancient city

Changting ancient city

synonym

Tingzhou ancient city generally refers to Changting ancient city

Changting ancient city, also known as Tingzhou ancient city, is located in Changting, Fujian Province. It is located at the southern foot of Wuyi Mountains, adjacent to Guangdong in the South and Jiangxi in the West. It is the ancient road hub and border hub of the three provinces of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi. It is known as the "west gate of Fujian".

Tingzhou ancient city is a national historical and cultural city, the capital of Hakka in the world, a national AAAA scenic spot, and one of the five famous prefectures of Fujian in Tang Dynasty. It was built in 736, the 24th year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty. In 1994, it was awarded the title of national historical and cultural city and one of the four famous cities in Fujian. It is known as "the most beautiful mountain city in China" by international friend Louis Ailey. Historically, it is the location of prefectures and prefectures. It is the central hub and trade center connecting Ganzhou and Meizhou. It is also known as "the market is abundant, not less than the central part of Jiangsu and Zhejiang"

. Known as the Hakka capital of Fujian Province, Changting County was awarded the title of "hometown of Chinese Hakka cuisine" by China Cuisine Association in 2004, and was awarded the title of "famous city of Fujian cuisine".

7 km from Changting south station, 281.9 km from Xiamen Gaoqi International Airport, 319 National Highway, 534 national highway and 205 provincial highway run through the whole territory, and Ganlong railway and Ganlong railway double track run through the territory, with convenient and fast transportation.

Introduction to the ancient city

Tingzhou was set up as a county in the Han Dynasty. It was set up in the 24th year of Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty (736 AD). It is one of the five famous prefectures in Fujian in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, Tingzhou Prefecture and other seven prefectures constituted Fujian's eight min. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, Changting has been the seat of state, county, road and government for more than 1000 years. In 1994, the State Council announced it as the third batch of national historical and cultural cities.

Changting is a famous ancient city in Tang and Song dynasties. Many well preserved cultural relics and historic sites have become a major feature of the landscape of the ancient city of Tingzhou. The ancient city wall of Tingzhou was first built in the fourth year of the Dali Period of the Tang Dynasty. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the total length of the ancient city wall of Tingzhou was more than 5000 meters, with 12 gates, "the city is surrounded by mountains and rivers", forming a unique pattern of "city in the mountains, water in the city" and "Buddha hanging beads". The excellent architectural skills and immortal artistic value fully reflect the hardworking wisdom and outstanding ability of the Hakka people of the Han nationality. Now the well preserved wall is nearly 3000 meters, connecting Chaotian gate, Wutong gate, Huiji gate and Baozhu gate. In 1996, Tingzhou city wall was listed as the fourth batch of provincial cultural protection units, and in 2013, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. The Hakka architecture with many unique styles has witnessed the heavy historical and cultural connotations of this historical and cultural city, such as the Town God's Temple of Ting Zhou government, the towering towers of Tang Dynasty, the three yuan Pavilion of Ting Zhou, the Tsing Zhou cloud Pavilion of Ting Zhou, the South Chan Temple of Ting Zhou, the "Wang Ya" - the Liu family temple of Ting Zhou, and the Li family temple of Ting state.

Tingzhou millennium, a large number of historical celebrities and Tingzhou formed an indissoluble bond. For example, Zhang Jiuling, the famous Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty, left a poem titled Xie Gong Lou after he tasted Hakka rice wine for the first time. Song Ci, the forefather of forensic medicine in the world, once served as the "county Lord" in Changting, opened up the Tingjiang waterway. Wen Tianxiang, the national hero of Song Dynasty, led his elite troops to Tingzhou, and got the support of the people of Tingzhou to write the poem Tingzhou. Lu You, a famous poet of Song Dynasty, wrote Changting daozhong when he left Fujian and introduced it into China Ma xun'an, a good minister of Ming Dynasty in the dictionary of people's names, wrote the poem of eight sceneries of Yinjiang when he returned to his hometown, which has been handed down to the present day. Song Yingxing, a famous scholar of Ming Dynasty, wrote the book of Tiangong Kaiwu when he was the official of Tingzhou. Ji Xiaolan, a famous Bachelor of Qing Dynasty, left the famous "one dish, one couplet, one plaque" and the author of wanxiaotang painting biography The famous painter Shangguan Zhou was born in Tingzhou and a great calligrapher during the reign of Qianlong. Yi bingshou called him "yitingzhou". Tingzhou, the capital of the state for thousands of years, has been recited by scholars of all ages. Chen Xuan, Wang Jie, Hao Fengsheng, Huang Shen, Yang Lan, Ji Xiaolan, Li Shihong, Kang Yong, Jiang Han all wrote immortal poems and works for Changting's mountains and rivers with Ru Chuan's giant pen, which has been handed down to the world.

History Introduction

Tingzhou was established in the 24th year of Kaiyuan (736) of Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of the reign of the state, the site of Xinluo old town was set up. Changting County was attached to Guo county. The county government was located in Changting village, jiulongshuiyuan (7.5 km north of Shanghang County). In the first year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (760), the government of Tingzhou moved to daqiutou, dongfangkou (now the northern suburb of Changting County). The government of Changting County moved to Jiling, a county about one kilometer away from the government of Changting County, which is still attached to the state. In the fourth year of Dali (769), Chen Jian, the governor of Tingzhou, moved the governor of Tingzhou to Baishi Village (now Changting city), "built the Earth City of Wolong mountain Yang, the northwest side of the mountain, the east side of Tingjiang River, and the south side of Wolong mountain foot", with a small scope. The county government moved with the state to about 200 steps away from the state government (now in Changting City, called Yijin Township in Song Dynasty), still attached to the state. Since then, the scope has gradually expanded. In the early years of Tang Dynasty (859), Liu Qi, the Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty, began to build 179 enemy buildings, built Zicheng, and built the barriers moved by Chen Jian.

In the third year of song Zhiping (1066), the prefect Liu Jun expanded the city on a large scale, with a circumference of 254 steps, 5 li. The base of the city wall was 3 Zhang wide, 1 Zhang thick, and 1 Zhang 8 feet high. He also excavated a trench to lead the Xixi River eastward, extending the city to Chaotianmen in the East, guangchumen in the south, xichengmen in the west, and wolongshanjin in the North (see the picture "Song Yuan Earth City"). Changting County is still attached to the state outside the city (that is, the South Moat).

In 1561, the magistrate Yang Shifang and the county magistrate Wang Miao of Changting built a county with a total length of 619 Zhang and 9 feet and more than 2180 battlements. There are two rings of city walls in Tingzhou Prefecture, the inner ring is the city wall of Tingzhou Prefecture, and the outer ring is the city wall of Changting County (see the picture "ancient city of Ming and Qing Dynasty"). In 1615, Shen Yingkui, the prefect of Wanli in Ming Dynasty, proposed to demolish the city wall of the prefecture and merge the prefectures and counties. In the ninth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1636), 670 Zhang of the city wall was added and completed in October of the same year. All the city walls of the prefecture were demolished and the prefectures and counties were integrated. At this time, the wall was bounded by Tingjiang River, from east to south to west, and surrounded Wolong mountain. Now Changting calls it Chengnei.

From the Song Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, there were more and more foreign businessmen and craftsmen. The number of workshops and shops increased year by year, and the population of the city increased sharply. Therefore, the scope of Fucheng gradually expanded to the outside of the city (that is, a large area outside Shuidong City). In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, Yingbei street, qiaoxiaba street and many other streets were formed outside the city. So far, Tingzhou city has basically taken shape and become the largest city in Western Fujian.

Tingzhou ancient city wall is located in Tingzhou Town, Changting County, Fujian Province. It is close to mountains and rivers and encircles the whole city. Its shape is like "Guanyin hanging beads". From the two wings of Jinsha temple on the top of Wolong mountain, it meanders down the mountain, encircling half of Wolong mountain into the city, forming the unique characteristics of Tingzhou ancient city with mountains in the city and cities in the mountains, just like the Buddha beads hanging on the neck of Guanyin Bodhisattva, so it has the reputation of "Guanyin hanging beads".

The ancient city wall of Ting Zhou is the outer packing of the ancient city of Ting Zhou. It takes the ancient buildings such as Town God's Temple, Confucious'temple, Thean Hou Temple, the former Soviet government site of Fujian Province, the former residence of Mao Zedong, the Red Army Hospital of the Central Soviet Area, the Gospel hospital, the location of the first red county political power in the southern part of Jiangxi Province, the Yun County Pavilion, the Fourth Red Army unit, the headquarters of the Red Army, and the Hsing Kun villa, where the Ministry of political science is located, and the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Ancient streets, ancient residences, ancient temples and so on are wrapped together to form a rich and intensive cultural landscape.

Scenery

Changting County Museum

In 1995, Changting County Museum was awarded the national key cultural relics protection unit. There are "Tingzhou Hakka Museum exhibition", "Changting revolutionary history exhibition", "Qu Qiubai's prison", "Tingzhou trial Yard site" and ancient cypress of Tang Dynasty. The whole exhibition hall of Tingzhou Hakka Museum covers an area of 700 square meters and is divided into four exhibition rooms. The exhibition is divided into five parts

Tingzhou ancient city wall

Built in the fourth year of Dali in Tang Dynasty, Tingzhou's ancient city wall has a total length of more than 5000 meters in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with 12 gates. The city is surrounded by mountains and rivers, forming a unique pattern of "city in the mountains, water in the city" and "Buddha hanging beads". Superb architectural skills and immortal artistic value fully reflect the hardworking wisdom and outstanding ability of the ancient Han working people. Now the well preserved wall is nearly 3000 meters, connecting Chaotian gate, Wutong gate, Huiji gate and Baozhu gate. In 1996, Tingzhou city wall was listed as the fourth batch of provincial cultural protection units, and in 2013, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

The ancient city wall has a history of more than 1200 years. It was built in the fourth year of Dali in Tang Dynasty. The preserved city wall connects the ancient city gate, Chaotian gate, Wutong gate, Huiji gate and Baozhu gate, with a total length of more than 1500 meters. It is a provincial-level cultural relic protection unit.

Tingzhou Tianhou Palace

Tianhou palace in Tingzhou was built in Song Dynasty to worship the goddess Mazu. On both sides of the front and rear eaves are stone dragon pillars. The front hall has three bright rooms and three deep rooms, with a rectangular plane, covering an area of 5580 square meters. The main hall of the back hall is a square caisson, supported by double-layer Ruyi brackets and decorated with vertical balls at the four corners. In 1989, it was announced as the third batch of cultural relics protection units at the county level.

Evangelical Hospital

The former site of evangelical hospital, the predecessor of the Central Red hospital, was originally a British church hospital. It is composed of six bungalows including gatehouse, Chapel, ward, medical room and operating room, with civil structure, covering an area of 1655 square meters. After the August 1 Nanchang Uprising, Fu Lianfu, President of the evangelical hospital, treated the sick and wounded for the Nanchang Uprising army and the Red Army. Mao Zedong, Chen Geng, Xu Teli, Zhou Yisu, Wu Xiuquan, he Zizhen, etc. once treated and recuperated in the rest center of evangelical hospital

Chinese PinYin : Ting Zhou Gu Cheng