Qionghai National Wetland Park

Qionghai National Wetland Park

Qionghai National Wetland Park is a plateau wetland nature reserve with high ecological value established and announced by the State Forestry Administration. It is located in Xichang City, the capital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, which is known as China Moon City, China Aerospace City and Xiaochun city. It is the largest urban wetland park with a total wetland area of about 20000 mu. It can conserve water and regulate urban microclimate, It can purify water quality and provide multiple functions of animal and plant habitat and ecological landscape.

With the concept of ecological civilization construction and "beautiful China" put forward in the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, people pay more attention to the protection of the ecological environment. Based on the experience of successfully completing the construction of bird watching wetlands, Xichang municipal Party committee and government continuously invested funds to vigorously promote the construction of Qionghai wetland restoration project by stages, gradually restore the occupied wetlands around Qionghai, and restore the water area of Qionghai to the peak of the last century 34 square kilometers during the period. The construction of Wetland Park benefits for thousands of years. It not only protects Qionghai Lake, the mother lake of Xichang people, but also provides excellent places for leisure, fitness and entertainment for the general public. More importantly, the improved natural environment and living environment meet the requirements of the scientific outlook on development and sustainable development strategy.

Park composition

Qionghai National Wetland Park is composed of six phases. The first phase is bird watching Island wetland, the second phase is Mengli water town, the third phase is Yanyu Luzhou, the fourth phase is xiboying, the fifth phase is Mengxun Huahai, and the sixth phase is Menghui idyllic.

geographical environment

Qionghai National Wetland Park is located around Qionghai lake about three kilometers southeast of Xichang City, Sichuan Province, with a total area of about 20000 mu. It is the largest urban wetland park in China.

Qionghai Lake is the second largest natural freshwater lake in Sichuan Province, which was called qiongchi in ancient times. It is a fault Lake in the early Pleistocene, about 1.8 million years ago. Its shape is like a snail. It is 11.5km long from north to south, 5.5km wide from east to west, 35km in circumference, with a water area of 31km2. The average depth of the lake is 14m, and the deepest is 34m. The water surface elevation is 1507.14-1509.28m. The water level has a small range, with a catchment area of 30km2, and a total area of 34km2. It has a large water area and rich aquatic resources. It is the water resource of Sichuan Province Shanghai sports base and the largest natural fishing ground in Sichuan Province.

Qionghai wetland is like a jade belt around the Qionghai lake. It plays an important role in conserving the source of Qionghai sea water and purifying its water quality. It also complements the landscape of Qionghai Lake as a mirror. It is an excellent place for people's leisure, fitness, sightseeing and entertainment.

Development history

Since 2009, Xichang has started the construction of Qionghai ecological protection and wetland restoration project, which is divided into six phases with a total planning area of 20000 mu.

In July 2010, the first phase of guanniao Island wetland of Qionghai wetland, located in the north end of the West Bank of Qionghai Lake, was completed, covering an area of 450 mu. Most of the wetland is composed of tree shade, lawn, natural wetland and pond Bay. The area of returning pond to Lake is 28400 square meters, and the green area is 44600 square meters, with a greening rate of 86%. Birdwatching Island, as its name suggests, is a place to watch birds in Qionghai lake. The construction of phase I wetland is a successful attempt, which balances the inherent contradiction between environmental protection and scenic spot development, not only restores the wetland, but also attracts tourists, which makes many people exclaim: originally, wetland can be built like this!

In July 2011, the second phase of Qionghai wetland "Mengli water town" was completed and opened. The wetland area of phase II has reached more than 2600 mu, which pays more attention to "showing the mountains and dew, highlighting the natural ecology and having pastoral characteristics", and focuses on wetland restoration, ecological restoration and water purification of Qionghai lake. The natural wetland restoration area accounts for more than 80% of the total area of the project, and is a large wetland park integrating ecological restoration, tourism and science education. Then, in September 2012, the third phase of Qionghai wetland "Yanyu Luzhou" with a total area of 3530 Mu and a total investment of 850 million yuan was opened. In the third phase of the wetland, there are ecological protection forest belt, four areas of propaganda and education, water purification, ecological utilization and near natural recovery, three habitats of deep water swimming birds, shallow water wading birds and forest irrigation birds, and multiple scientific research monitoring points of ecology, meteorology, species and water quality, forming "one belt, nine gardens and eighteen landscapes".

At the same time with "Yanyu Luzhou", there is the fourth phase wetland restoration project "Xibo Heying", which covers an area of 1750 mu. This phase of wetland is built along the lake, starting from Qionghai Bay in the south, Qionghai Park in the north, Qionghai coastline in the East and national highway 108 in the West. Bicycle lanes and footpaths run through it. It is a waterfront landscape and ecological corridor with functions of sightseeing, experiencing stimulation, feeling culture and tasting life.

From 2009 to 2012, Xichang has built 8500 mu of wetland, including the first phase of "bird watching island", the second phase of "Mengli water town", the third phase of "Yanyu Luzhou" and the fourth phase of "Xibo Heying". The fifth and sixth phases of Qionghai wetland, which started construction in October 2013, have opened. The wetland area of the first to sixth phases has exceeded 20000 mu. A circle will be drawn around Qionghai Lake, like a beautiful wreath. The water area of Qionghai Lake will return to 38 square kilometers of the last century, becoming the largest urban wetland in China.

From the establishment of "Xima" in 2014 to 2019, it has been successfully held for six consecutive sessions. Xichang Qionghai wetland International Marathon is the first marathon named after urban wetland in China,

Main attractions

（1） Bird watching Island Wetland Park

Guanniao Island Wetland Park is located at the northern end of the West Bank of Qionghai Lake, covering an area of 112200 square meters, including 18000 square meters of Diaoyutai, 9000 square meters of yingyue lake, 446000 square meters of green space, 2700 square meters of imitation wooden plank road, 28400 square meters of returning pond to Lake and 2100 square meters of revetment. The park is mainly composed of five theme tourist areas, including "subtropical customs area, haimenqiao fisherman's Bay area, source of life area, praying spirit core area, Liuyin Chulun bird watching area", which fully embodies the theme of "nature, ecology and harmony".

Guanniao Island Wetland Park has 5 sculptures, 1 square, 2700 square meters of imitation wooden plank road, 2 small bridges, 3 pavilions, 25 kinds of aquatic plants, 4 ecological toilets and 50 mu of water chestnut. Among them, the wetland in the park is an ideal habitat for egrets, cranes, seagulls and other wild birds.

（2） Water town in dream

Mengli wetland restoration project is located in the north end of the West Bank of Qionghai Lake, connecting Haimen bridge of guanniao island in the south, Haihe River in the north, Qionghai Lake in the East, Binhai Greenway in the west, surrounded by water on three sides. It has a vast scale, quiet environment and extraordinary momentum. The wetland has a total area of 2600 mu, with a total investment of 165 million yuan (including 34 million yuan for construction). It is divided into four zones, two belts and three entrances. Four districts: BaiHuaZhou Jinxiu District, luhuadang archipelago District, leiyunyehe Tourist District, bailutan bird watching district. Two belts: Land hydrophilic sightseeing belt, Weijian boat sightseeing belt. Three entrances: the entrance of Haihe River in the north, the main entrance of yinghaiting in the middle and the entrance of bailutan in the southwest.

The theme of Mengli wetland design is "restoration, protection, nature, ecology, harmony". The wetland of Mengli water Township has 270 mu of land greening area, 285 mu of aquatic plants and 2045 mu of water surface area. In the wetland, 806 original trees are reserved, and the most suitable native tree species for greening are transplanted, including 370 large trees such as Pueraria lobata, Pueraria, Sophora japonica, Gleditsia sinensis, Coptis chinensis, 15000 other trees such as Jacaranda, Cinnamomum camphora, cherry blossom, Begonia, 1399 seedlings and 24000 bamboos. There are 20000 emergent plants: reed, 15000 calamus and 2000 maola.

Floating plants are: water lily, day lily, water chestnut 15000, a total of 130000 square meters. Submerged plants are: fresh grass 10000. The most precious tree species are 12 "living fossil" Alsophila spinulosa, A total of 176100 ornamental grasses and 15 varieties (including Pennisetum grandiflorum, flax of New Zealand, plantain, sanguinatum, Xiaopan grass, hongzhifeng, evergreen reed, calamus floribundum, Arundo graminearum, Miscanthus variegatus, Acorus calamus, Sargassum, zailihua, iris multicolor and Eclipta) were introduced and applied in Shanghai World Expo for the first time.

（3） Yanyu Luzhou

In September 2012, the third phase of Qionghai wetland "Yanyu Luzhou" with a total area of 3530 Mu and a total investment of 850 million yuan was opened. It has built ecological protection forest belt, four areas of propaganda, education and protection, water purification, ecological utilization and near natural recovery, three habitats of deep water swimming birds, shallow water wading birds and forest and irrigation birds, and multiple scientific research monitoring points of ecology, meteorology, species and water quality, forming "one belt, nine gardens and eighteen landscapes".

"One belt" is an ecological shelterbelt belt. There are 18 sceneries, such as Guiqiao enjoying the moon, Yueying Long Beach, Ludang flying snow, Xingdao overlooking, sunset sprinkling gold, colorful flower border, etc., and nine bridges, including Dangui bridge, Yuhe bridge, xunlu bridge, Wangyue bridge, penyue bridge, Cailing bridge, Feilu bridge, Qilu bridge and Guanlu bridge, including six arch bridges and three Banqiao bridges.

（4） Xibo crane shadow

Xibo Heying Qionghai wetland starts from Qionghai Park in the north, Qionghai coastline in the East, 107 provincial road in the West and Qionghai Bay International Hotel in the south, with a total area of 1750 Mu and a length of 3.5 km from north to south. The total investment is 260 million yuan (including 200 million yuan for land acquisition and demolition and 60 million yuan for restoration project). The construction started in May 2012, and the park was completed and opened in September of the same year, which lasted for 8 months. The overall positioning of the project is "Xibo Heying" . The wetland has a 5km long self-propelled wetland

Chinese PinYin : Qiong Hai Guo Jia Shi Di Gong Yuan