Baibei Miao Village

Baibei Miao village is a Miao settlement, located in Rongjiang County, Guizhou Province, with a long history. Their costumes are called bainiao clothes, which are embroidered with bird patterns and sewn with bird feathers. The feather skirt and flower dress are made of homespun cloth and embroidered with flat flowers. The chest pocket, apron and other parts are embroidered with various animal patterns such as flowers, birds, insects, fish and butterflies. The dress or skirt foot is covered with white feathers. The dress is specially used for ancestor worship activities (i.e. "drum collection Festival") and Lusheng dance. The treasure appraisal column of CCTV has appraised one piece for 600000 yuan. Therefore, the hundred bird feather suit is known as "the epic on the body" and "the living fossil of clothing".

Baibei Miao Village

Baibei Miao village is a Miao settlement, located in Rongjiang County, Guizhou Province.

brief introduction

Place name, Miao village settlement, located in Rongjiang County, Guizhou Province.

Human history

According to the records, all the Miao people in paibei moved in from other places. In the Han Dynasty, the Miao people living in Wuling went south into Guangxi, and some of them entered Rongjiang along the Duliu River and distributed all over the county. In the Ming Dynasty, the Miao people in damiaoshan continued to move northward along the Duliu River and lived in the area of yueliangshan. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, the surnames of Yang, long and pan moved from zhushixiang in Jiangxi Province and Hunan Province respectively. The surnames Yang and pan are the big ones in the stockade. Yang Lao, the ancestor of the surname Yang, was honored as the king of Miao for his bravery and fighting ability. Now the Miao king in the village is Yang Zuba, and the villagers call him the village elder. Yang Shuba, who is in his 70s, has been a cadre since he was 18 years old. Although he has no culture, he has become an authority in the village by virtue of his principles of fairness and benevolence, and his personality charm of integrity and fortitude.

Settlement characteristics

Baibei is one of the oldest Miao villages at the foot of moon mountain. Located on the hillside 54 km south of the county, there are more than 350 households and 1700 people in the village. Baibei Miao village has a long history, with simple, rich national characteristics and rich national cultural heritage. The festival costumes of the villagers are composed of feather skirts and flowery garments. The costumes are colorful, with peculiar patterns and fine embroidery techniques. The feather skirts and flowery garments are based on homespun cloth and embroidered with flat flowers. The chest pocket, apron and other parts are embroidered with various flowers, birds, insects, fish, butterflies, etc The costumes are designed for ancestor worship activities (i.e. "guzang Festival") and Lusheng dance. The treasure appraisal column of CCTV has appraised one piece for 600000 yuan. Therefore, the hundred bird feather suit is known as "the epic on the body" and "the living fossil of clothing".

The Miao people here still live their own traditional festivals, "Chixin Festival", "Miao New Year" and "guzang Festival". "Guzang Festival" is the most ceremonious and ancient traditional festival for ancestor worship of Miao nationality, also known as "ancestor worship Festival", "drum worship Festival" and "Gushe Festival", which is held every 13 years. During the festival, when the Miao people dance "Lusheng dance", "Gupiao dance", "wood drum dance" and "Copper Drum Dance", which are still handed down today, they all wear festival costumes and follow the old love customs of "walking and sitting at night, singing in the fire pool" and "wood leaf conveying love". Paibei Miao people not only have well preserved primitive and simple ethnic customs, but also inherit exquisite embroidery and batik crafts. There are rare tombs of King Miao (which Miao people have not built since ancient times) and long corridor stilted wooden buildings. The stockade is located on the hillside surrounded by green mountains and ancient trees. Beside the stockade are "gucangchang", "bullfight farm", "lushengping" and "King Miao tomb" ”Such as human and natural landscape. Therefore, many experts and scholars call it "the open-air Miao folk museum".

social customs and habits

Baibei is a village that keeps company with nature and spirits. They worship nature and believe in gods. In paibei, every family likes to hang ox horn at the door, which is used for ancestor worship, and it is said that it can protect the peace; the wolf chicken grass hanging in front of the door is used to expel ghosts and avoid evil spirits; some people have animals carved on the door, lotus and stone birds carved on the tile top, which is not just decoration, it reflects the paibei people's remote memory and poetic imagination of ancient culture. There is also a mysterious stone tablet in the stockade, which is engraved with the word "Zhu", vulva, sun and other symbols. It is said that this is a relic of Zhu Yuanzhang's time. The staple food of paibei people is rice, and the dishes they usually eat are cabbage dipped in chili water. Life is very hard. In paibei, cattle are the main property of the family, and pigs are the main economic source of the family. From the steaming pig pot beside the stew pot, we can see that pigs play an important role in the life of paibei people.

Batik process

Batik technology is often used in paibei's clothing, and wax painting is an important step in the batik process. The batik made by the paibei women can be used not only as clothing, but also as banners held high during festivals and parades. Nowadays, the ingenious women have made a lot of new explorations into this ancient art. They also make batik into a variety of small handicrafts and sell them to tourists in the past. A small cloth bag can sell for 30 yuan.

Eat the new festival

Zhai always plays the most important role in the ceremony of eating new food. He had a whole outfit, a big saber on his shoulder and a small knife on his waist. It looks majestic and imposing. Bainiao clothing is the most distinctive clothing of baibei, which is composed of feather skirt and flower clothing. Bird clothing is related to the hunting customs of Miao ancestors. In history, bird clothing was decorated with bird feathers. Nowadays, people use chicken or goose feathers to decorate their sleeves and skirts in bright colors. The production process of bainiao garment is very complicated. It takes more than one year to complete such a garment.

Under the leadership of the village elder, the villagers are dancing. The clothes are fluttering, the skirt is flying, and the gorgeous bird clothing is dazzling. There are 12 pendulums in hundred bird clothing, each of which has 3 chicken feathers, a total of 36. On ordinary days, the villagers don't wear bainiao clothes, only on major festivals. The big Sabre worn by the village elder was originally used by the Miao ancestors when they cut the mountain and cut the road. It is said that it is extremely sharp, and the evil within five meters will die under the sabre. This Dao has passed through Taigong, Gong and father, and it has been passed to yangshuba. It is the fourth generation and has a history of more than 200 years.

Blowing Lusheng is also an important part of the ceremony. Those who play Lusheng are all male, and all modes are guided by a Lusheng head. There are 120 modes of Lusheng, of which 12 are the main ones, such as welcome, treat and so on. Lusheng dance is also particular. Generally, the Lusheng head and Lusheng team lead the dance in front, and the women follow closely, forming a big circle. What musical instruments Lusheng head plays, women have to dance accordingly.

Self help guide

1. Transportation Guide: there is a bus from Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province to Rongjiang county. The fare is 15 yuan;

2. The best time to travel: every year in June and July of the lunar calendar, when the rice in the field is heading, every family in the Miao Village celebrates the "eat new festival" on the Mao day (some in the afternoon or on the Chen day).

Address: Moon Mountain, Xinghua Township, Rongjiang County, Qiandongnan Prefecture

Longitude: 108.15221494172

Latitude: 25.869208853678

Tour time: 2-3 hours

Transportation information: there is a minibus from Rongjiang to Xinghua Township, 15 yuan per person, at the intersection opposite to Minzu middle school. You can also take the bus from Rongjiang and Congjiang to Sandu, passing Xinghua Township, about 1 hour's drive. Walk to baibei village in the east of Xinghua Township, about 1 hour's walk.

Ticket information: Free

Opening hours: all day

Chinese PinYin : Bai Bei Miao Zhai