Nanchang City

Nanchang

synonym

Nanchang city generally refers to Nanchang (the capital of Jiangxi Province)

Nanchang, referred to as "Hong" or "Chang" for short, was formerly known as Yuzhang and Hongdu. It is the capital of Jiangxi Province, the core city of Poyang Lake urban agglomeration, and an important central city in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in China approved by the State Council

. As of 2018, the city has 6 districts and 3 counties, covering a total area of 7402 square kilometers, with a permanent resident population of 5.5455 million, an urban population of 4.1164 million, an urbanization rate of 74.2%, and a permanent migrant population of 800000.

Nanchang is located in East China, north of central Jiangxi Province, downstream of Ganjiang River and Fuhe River, and southwest Bank of Poyang Lake. It is the political, economic, cultural, scientific, educational and transportation center of Jiangxi Province. Since ancient times, it has been known as "Yue Hu min Ting, Wu tou Chu Wei", "Jin San Jiang and Dai Wu Hu", and "control man Jing and lead Ou Yue". It is the only place adjacent to Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta in China It is also one of the important central cities in East China and one of the central cities in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

Nanchang is a famous historical and cultural city of China. It is named for "the prosperity of the South and the prosperity of the South". In the preface to Tengwang Pavilion, Wang Bo, one of the four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty, called it the place of "natural treasures and outstanding people". In the period of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Nanchang government was called "the capital of Nanchang". In 1927, Nanchang August 1 Uprising gave birth to the first people's army under the independent leadership of the Communist Party of China, which is a famous revolutionary hero city, Known as the place where the military flag rises;

After the founding of new China, Nanchang built the first aircraft, the first batch of coastal defense missiles, the first motorcycle and tractor of new China. It is an important manufacturing center of China and the birthplace of aviation industry of new China.

Nanchang is one of the first batch of low-carbon pilot cities in China. It has won the titles of national innovative city, International Garden City, national health city and top ten dynamic cities in the world. In 2006, it was selected as "top ten most economically dynamic cities in the world" by Newsweek. In June 2019, the "future network" test facility will be put into operation in Nanchang.

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Historical evolution

Nanchang is located in the south of the Yangtze River, with developed land and water transportation and dangerous situation. Since ancient times, it has been known as "three rivers with five lakes". Nanchang has the titles of Yuzhang (Han Dynasty) and Hongdu (Sui and Tang Dynasty) successively. It is the seat of county, county and state governments in all dynasties, and has always been prosperous.

Nanchang is a famous historical and cultural city with a long history. In Anyi, Nanchang, a half million year old Paleolithic stone was unearthed.

As early as five thousand years ago, people had been living and producing here. Three thousand years ago, the indigenous people in Nanchang were known as "Sanmiao", the descendants of Shennong, Emperor Yan. During the period of Sanmiao, Nanchang reached Aixi Lake in the north and Qingyunpu in the south, which formed the gathering area of ancient Nanchang residents.

Yugong belongs to Yangzhou. The spring and Autumn period belongs to Wu. The Warring States period belonged to Chu. Nanchang is located at the junction of Wu and Chu, where most of the conflicts between Wu and Chu lie. Zuo Zhuan records that in 553 BC, the commander of Chu, Yin Zi, defeated Wu Shi in Yuzhang. During the Warring States period, the ancestors of Nanchang had mastered the technology of melting iron, cast iron and refractory.

Qin belongs to Jiujiang County, Xunyang, county is located in Shouchun (now Anhui Shouxian). According to Hanshu, in 202 B.C. (the 5th year of emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty), Liu Bang defeated Xiang Yu in cuanxia, and sent General Guan Ying to lead his troops to pacify "Wu, Yuzhang and Kuaiji counties" in Jiangnan. After Guanying pacified Yuzhang, he immediately set up an official County, and established Nanchang County as a subsidiary of Yuzhang county. Taking the auspicious meaning of "Changda Nanjiang" and "Southern prosperity" as the county names, Guanying, Marquis of Yingyin, was ordered to garrison there to build "Guancheng". The next year, he built a city. The city was located in Huangcheng temple, about 4 kilometers southeast of Nanchang railway station. The city was ten li and eighty-four steps long, which was called "Guanying city", and created a new city of Nanzhang The history of Chang City.

During the Three Kingdoms period, it was Yuzhang Prefecture in the eastern Wu Dynasty. In 291 (the first year of Yuankang of Jin Dynasty), Jiangzhou (now Jiujiang of Jiangxi Province) was set up and Xunyang (now Jiujiang of Jiangxi Province) was later moved to be governed. In Jin Dynasty and Southern Dynasty, it was Yuzhang county and Yuzhang state. During this period, with the culture of the Central Plains going south, Nanchang City developed greatly and gradually became an important city in ancient China. With the economic development of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, another new city (now the old city) was built in the northwest corner of the city.

In 589 (the ninth year of emperor kaihuang of Sui Dynasty), Hongzhou was destroyed and Yuzhang was restored in 607 (the third year of Daye).

In 622 (the fifth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty), Lin Shihong, a local separatist force, was pacified and restored to Hongzhou, where a general office was set up. In 625 (the eighth year of Wude), it was changed to dudufu. Zhenguan belonged to Jiangnan Road at the beginning. In 733 (the 21st year of Kaiyuan), it belonged to Jiangnan West Road. In 742 (the first year of Tianbao), Hongzhou was changed to Yuzhang county. In 756 (the first year of Zhide), the name of Yuzhang county was changed to Zhangjun. In 758 (the first year of Qianyuan), it was renamed Hongzhou. Jianzhong years (780-783), set Jiangnan Xidao observation envoy. In 865 (the sixth year of Xiantong), he was promoted to governor of Zhennan army. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, it was changed to dudufu and Jiangnan Xidao successively. In the Tang Dynasty, Hongzhou had become a metropolis in the south of the Yangtze River, especially in shipbuilding, papermaking, printing, textile, weapons, gold, silver and bronze. Hongzhou kiln is the birthplace of Chinese Celadon. Its celadon is sold at home and abroad with excellent quality. It is also one of the Royal tributes and one of the six famous kilns in Chinese history.

In the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Nanchang's economic and strategic position became more and more prominent. Li Jing, the leader of the Tang Dynasty, promoted Hongzhou to Nanchang in the first year of Jiaotai (959), and moved the capital from Jiangning to Nanchang in 961 (the second year of Jianlong of song Dynasty), known as "Nandu".

It was renamed Hongzhou in 975 (the eighth year of Kaibao in Song Dynasty), and Jiangnan West Road in 1020 (the fourth year of Tianxi). In 1030 (the eighth year of Tiansheng), Jiangnan West Road was established in Nanchang. In 1163 (the first year of Longxing), before Song Xiaozong succeeded, he was a feudal king here, so he was promoted to Longxing mansion. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Hongzhou has become one of the five major shipbuilding bases in China, with an area of 14-16 square kilometers and 16 gates, which is the largest period of Nanchang ancient city in history.

Longxing road was established in 1277 (the 14th year of the Yuan Dynasty), renamed Longxing road in 1284 (the 21st year of the Yuan Dynasty), changed to Hongdu mansion in 1362 (the 22nd year of Zhizheng Dynasty), and renamed Nanchang mansion the next year. In Yuan Dynasty, it was called Longxing Road, and later it was changed to Longxing road. It is the provincial administrative center of Jiangxi Province including today's Jiangxi Province and Guangdong Province, and is one of the ten most important roads in China.

In 1370 (the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), Nanchang and Xinjian were governed by the same city until the end of Qing Dynasty.

In 1914 (the second year of the Republic of China), Yuzhang road was established. In 1926 (the 24th year of the Republic of China), after the Northern Expedition Army (Jiang Zhongzheng) conquered Nanchang, it began to set up a city.

Nanchang city is governed by the newly-built County, which is directly under the provincial government. In 1930, Mao Zedong and Zhu De led the Red Army troops to attack Nanchang and stationed near the Longevity Palace in Xishan Town, the new district. Later, they feigned at niuxing station in Nanchang and later withdrew after "August 1 demonstration" to the Kuomintang troops. After the defeat of Nanchang battle in 1939, Japan occupied Nanchang and was under the jurisdiction of Japan's "Greater East Asia co prosperity circle". The establishment of Nanchang and Xinjian (Xishan) county belongs to Nanchang city. (Note: at that time, Nanchang County was under the jurisdiction of Xinjian County).

On May 22, 1949, the Chinese people's Liberation Army liberated Nanchang, which became a municipality directly under the central government of Jiangxi Province of the people's Republic of China and a resident of the people's Government of Jiangxi Province. On June 15, 1949, the Nanchang District of Jiangxi Provincial People's government was established, with jurisdiction over 10 counties including Nanchang, Fengcheng, Xinjian, Gao'an, Qingjiang, Xingan, Jinxian (from Guixi District in August), Fengxin, Anyi and Jing'an (from Jiujiang District in September). In 1955, Nanchang City set up four districts: East Lake, West Lake, Shengli and Fuhe. In 1958, Qingyunpu District was added, and Nanchang (in Liantang Town) and Xinjian (in Shengmi town) were handed over to Nanchang city. In 1961, the suburbs were added, and Nanchang and Xinjian counties were assigned to Yichun district. In 1971, Nanchang and Xinjian (located in Changqiu town) were included again. In 1980, Shengli and Fuhe districts were abolished. In 1981, Wanli District was added. In 1983, Anyi County in Yichun Area and Jinxian County in Fuzhou area belonged to Nanchang.

In June 2002, with the approval of the State Council, the suburb was renamed Qingshanhu district and officially listed.

In 2004, the division of Nanchang city was adjusted. Taohua town and Hufang town were included in Xihu District, Tangshan town Yonghe village, Gongyuan village, Xianhu village, Yongxi village, Changxiang village and Qili Village were included in Donghu District, Hufang town lengshang village, Taihe village and Zhongxin village were included in Qingyunpu District, Donghu District Qingshan Road Street office panfang and other seven neighborhood committees, Xihu District Shanghai Road Street office Honggang and other 28 residents The committee was assigned to Qingshanhu district.

On August 5, 2015, the State Council officially approved the adjustment plan of some administrative divisions of Nanchang City, agreed to cancel the new county and establish a New District of Nanchang City, with the administrative region of the original new County as the administrative region of the New District, and the people's Government of the New District is located at 239 Xinjian Avenue, Changxun town. After the adjustment, Nanchang has jurisdiction over 3 counties and 6 districts, of which the urban area is composed of 6 districts: East Lake, West Lake, Qingyunpu, Qingshanhu, Xinjian and Wanli.

In December 2019, according to the State Council's "agreement on Jiangxi Province's adjustment of some administrative divisions of Nanchang City"

Chinese PinYin : Nan Chang Shi