Former residence of Peng Dehuai

Former residence of Peng Dehuai

Peng Dehuai's former residence is located in pengjiaweizi, Wushi village, Wushi Town, Xiangtan County, Hunan Province. It was first built in 1925. The existing building of the former residence was funded by Peng Dehuai when he was the head of the Xiang army. It was Peng Dehuai's early residence and the only place where he lived for a long time in his hometown after he joined the revolution. The former residence is located in the northwest and Southeast, with brick and wood structure, pink walls and green tiles. It is an ordinary farmhouse with typical Jiangnan flavor. It covers an area of 2490 square meters, and the main building area is 350 square meters. With the former residence of Mao Zedong in Shaoshan and the former residence of Liu Shaoqi in Huaming building in Ningxiang, it has formed a "Golden Triangle" of patriotism and revolutionary traditional education.

In December 2016, Peng Dehuai's former residence was listed in the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots.

Architectural features

population

The former residence was originally three thatched cottages. Peng Dehuai was born here on October 24, 1898, and spent his childhood and youth here. Peng Dehuai joined the Hunan army in 1916, joined the Communist Party of China in 1928, led the Pingjiang uprising, and later served as deputy commander, defense minister, and marshal of the PLA. From 1925 to 1927, when Peng Dehuai was the commander of the Xiang army, he sent 800 silver dollars to his younger brother Peng Jinhua and Peng ronghua to build the former residence 30 meters southwest of the original house. The former residence is located in the northwest and faces the southeast, with brick and wood structure, through bucket structure and hard mountain top. The main building consists of six rooms, three at each end, covering an area of about 400 square meters. It is named "Sanhua hall", which means the mansion of Dehua (Peng Dehuai's original name), Jinhua and ronghua. Peng Dehuai wrote a couplet in person, saying, "it's the happiest thing to do good; when you see evil, you will get rid of it." There are woods behind the house and bamboo forests in the East. It is a typical and dignified rural house in Xiangtan. During the period of the Republic of China, the former residence was destroyed by the Kuomintang. In 1949, the local government and people proposed to repair it, but Peng Dehuai refused. He changed the Menlian to "condoning the people's crime, carrying on the cause and opening up the future", and blatantly criticized "serving the people". In December 1958, accompanied by Zhou Xiaozhou, the first Secretary of Hunan provincial Party committee, Peng Dehuai returned to his hometown for inspection. In November 1961, Peng Dehuai went back to his hometown again for investigation and research. He received more than 2000 visiting cadres and masses, and wrote five rural investigation materials here for the reference of Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and then wrote four investigation reports. The retreat room is an underground organization of Wushi, the main Council Office of the pengjiaweizi branch of the Communist Party of China. This branch was established by Peng Jinhua in 1938 after he returned home from Yan'an Anti Japanese university. Peng Jinhua served as branch secretary and Peng ronghua served as publicity committee member.

Main house

Walking through the open Sanhe terrace, you can see the main house. On the lintel of the main hall, there is a horizontal plaque carved by Qiyang stone, and the seven characters "former residence of Comrade Peng Dehuai" written by Deng Xiaoping, which are shining with gold. In the middle of the room, there is a huge color photo of Peng Dehuai in Marshal's uniform, which looks very dignified and serene; on the walls on both sides, there is a chronology of his life and main activities.

Dongqianzhengfang

It used to be the bedroom of Peng ronghua and his wife, with bed, desk, stool, wardrobe, washstand and other furniture. Peng Dehuai lived in this house for 36 days. Here, he received the masses during the day, or went out to investigate, or participated in collective production and labor. In the evening, I write the investigation report. Because Peng Dehuai used the furniture, it was displayed as it was. And hung a huge picture of Peng Dehuai's return to his hometown on the wall. On the wall of Dongheng house, there are photos and profiles of Peng Jinhua and his wife and Peng ronghua. The back door of the East kitchen is where Peng ronghua was killed by the Kuomintang in October 1940. Peng Jinhua and Peng ronghua died in October 1940. The bodies of the two martyrs were buried together on the hill behind the house. Comrade Wang Zhen inscribed tombstones for the two martyrs. Xishangfang used to be the bedroom of Peng Jinhua and his wife. The rest are xihengtang house, kitchen and miscellaneous house. The three horizontal rooms in the West are the places where Peng Dehuai's 80000 words and manuscripts of some military papers were buried during the "Cultural Revolution". They are exhibition rooms, displaying more than 60 pictures and more than 50 cultural relics, showing the heroic life of Peng Dehuai, a proletarian revolutionist, a famous militarist and statesman at home and abroad. Before the memorial hall was built, these three rooms were once used as auxiliary exhibition rooms, but now they have been restored and displayed according to their original appearance.

Slot gate

On both sides of the gate are grapevines brought back by Peng Dehuai in 1958 and grapefruit and orange trees planted by himself in November 1961. Not far from the gate, there is a paddy field opened by Peng Dehuai when he returned to his hometown in 1961 and a new pond built with a donation of 1000 yuan. On the northeast side is the tomb of Peng Dehuai's mother. In July 1983, the tombstone was inscribed by Wang Zhen, former vice president of the people's Republic of China, as "the tomb of martyrs Peng Jinhua and Peng ronghua". The stele is made of white jade and engraved with gold characters. Peng Dehuai personally wrote the name of Wushi school, which is not far from his former residence, and donated more than hundreds of books. When he returned to his hometown twice, he visited the school in person. In May 1976, according to Peng Dehuai's last wish, Pu anxiu, Peng Dehuai's wife, proposed 10000 yuan from Peng Dehuai's salary after Zhaoxue to help rebuild Wushi school. The school has now become a famous hope primary school in China.

Profile

Peng Dehuai (1898-1974), formerly known as Dehua, was a proletarian revolutionist and militarist from Xiangtan, Hunan Province. He joined the Hunan army in 1916. In 1922, he was admitted to the Military Academy of Hunan army. After graduation, he served as battalion commander and commander of Hunan army. He took part in the northern expedition. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1928 and led the Pingjiang uprising in the same year. During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, he served as commander of the Fifth Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, General Commander and Secretary of the front Committee of the third Red Army, vice chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, commander of the Oriental army, commander of the Shaanxi Gansu detachment, commander of the first Red Army, commander of the Anti Japanese vanguard army of the Chinese people's Red Army, commander and political commissar of the western field army, and participated in the long march. During the Anti Japanese War, he served as deputy commander in chief of the Eighth Route Army (later renamed the 18th group army, and served as deputy commander in chief), Secretary of the northern Bureau of the Communist Party of China, vice chairman and chief of the general staff of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. During the war of liberation, he served as commander of the Northwest Field Army, commander and political commissar of the first field army, deputy commander in chief of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, and first Secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he served as vice chairman of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's government, chairman of the northwest military and political Commission, commander of the northwest military region, first Secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the Communist Party of China, deputy commander in chief of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, commander and political commissar of the Chinese people's Volunteer Army, vice premier of the State Council and Minister of national defense of the people's Republic of China. In 1955, he was awarded the rank of Marshal, vice chairman of the first and second national defense committees, and member of the Political Bureau of the sixth, seventh and Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

Peng Dehuai's former residence is located in the southwest of Xiangtan under the beautiful Wushi peak. It is built close to the mountain and echoes with Peng Dehuai Memorial Hall and Peng Dehuai bronze statue. The former residence was built in 1925. It was originally a small thatched cottage. In 1927, it was rebuilt into a tile roofed house with the support of Peng Dehuai's army. It is a typical common farmhouse in the south of the Yangtze River, with fields in front, hills in back and bamboos in the background. On the lintel of the main hall is a plaque inscribed by Deng Xiaoping on the front door of "Peng Dehuai's former residence". In the middle of the room, there is a huge color photo of Peng Dehuai in Marshal's uniform, and a chronology of Peng Dehuai's life and major activities is displayed on the walls on both sides. Peng Dehuai's former residence is the place where Peng Dehuai lived in his early years and the only place where he lived for a long time after he joined the revolution. It has profound significance of patriotism education.

This former residence is an ordinary farmhouse with typical Jiangnan flavor, with brick and wood structure, pink walls and green tiles. Covering an area of 2490 square meters, the main building area of 350 square meters, 17 houses. In 1958 and 1961, when Peng Dehuai returned to his hometown twice for rural investigation, he lived here for 35 days, received more than 2000 visiting cadres and masses, and drafted five rural investigation reports. In 1998, Peng Dehuai memorial hall was built and opened to the north of his former residence.

Peng Dehuai's former residence is the only place for Peng Dehuai to live in his hometown for a long time after he joined the revolution. Together with the former residence of Mao Zedong in Shaoshan and the former residence of Liu Shaoqi in Huaming building in Ningxiang, Peng Dehuai's former residence has formed the "Golden Triangle" of patriotism and revolutionary traditional education.

On June 25, 2001, Peng Dehuai's former residence, as an important historical site and representative building in modern times, was approved by the State Council to be listed in the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Cultural relics protection

Reasons for construction

The memorial garden of pengdehuai's former residence in Wushi is a key project of Hunan Province in 1997 to commemorate the 100th anniversary of pengdehuai's birth. Pengdehuai memorial garden is located in the middle of Xiangtan County, Hunan Province, 42 kilometers away from Xiangtan City, which is connected by provincial and county-level highways. The Northeast terrain of the memorial park is open, and the southwest terrain is steep. The highest Wushi peak is 371 meters above sea level, and the lowest is 70 meters above sea level. The memorial park has a pleasant climate, four distinct seasons and abundant rainfall. Peng Dehuai's Former Residence Memorial Park not only has unique cultural landscape such as Peng Dehuai's former residence, martyr's tomb and Yihua temple, but also has rich tourism resources. The area has beautiful green mountains, verdant trees, surrounded by mountains and rivers, the fields under the Wushi peak are crisscross, and the rice waves are rolling. It is an idyllic scenery, poetic and picturesque.

Planning conception

Combining with the cultural landscape of Peng Dehuai's former residence and the natural scenery of steep green mountains, wild interest, quiet valleys and murmuring streams, the planning highlights the theme of "Commemoration" and "promotion", and determines the nature of the memorial garden as: to remember Peng Dehuai

Chinese PinYin : Peng De Huai Gu Ju