Dazhimen railway station

Dazhimen railway station is located in Jinghan street, Jiang'an District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, also known as Jinghan railway station. It was built and put into use in 1903. After the founding of new China, it was renamed "Hankou railway station". After the completion of the Beijing Guangzhou railway, a new Hankou station was set up. Later, it was transformed into today's Hankou railway station by imitating the architectural style of Dazhimen station, and the original station site is no longer used.

Dazhimen railway station

Dazhimen railway station is located in Jinghan street, Jiang'an District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, also known as Jinghan railway station. It was built and put into use in 1903. After the founding of new China, it was renamed "Hankou railway station". After the completion of the Beijing Guangzhou railway, a new Hankou station was set up. Later, it was transformed into today's Hankou railway station by imitating the architectural style of Dazhimen station, and the original station site is no longer used.

Dazhimen station is a French style building, which is the terminal of the first long-distance standard gauge railway in China - Beijing Wuhan railway. Dazhimen station is not only a living cultural relic recording the history of China's railway development, but also a witness to the day and night defense of Wuhan. Its main building, the waiting hall, is an important historical witness of the railway construction in modern China.

In 2001, the State Council announced it as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

brief introduction

Dazhimen railway station is located at Chezhan Road, Jiang'an District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and the T-shaped intersection of former French Concession and existing Chezhan Road and Jinghan street in Wuhan old city. With a construction area of 1176 square meters, it is an important legacy of China's modern railway construction.

Dazhimen railway station is the terminal building at the south end of the Luhan Railway (later called Jinghan railway) which was built in 1889 when Zhang Zhidong was the governor of Huguang in the late Qing Dynasty. After liberation, it was renamed Hankou railway station. Loaned by Belgium, designed by French engineers and constructed by China Railway Corporation. Sitting in the West and facing the East, it is of brick and wood structure. The plane layout is protruding in the middle, with two wings retracting, in a sub shape. The two ends of the facade are protruding in the shape of a mountain. There are towers at the four corners of the main building, and the top of the building is covered with iron plate, which is square and conical. The central part of the roof is a four slope red tile roof, and the two ends are covered iron tile roofs. There are railings around the eaves. The bottom layer of the window is arched glass window, and the top layer is rectangular. The main entrance and exit are composed of three holes and six doors, which are set in the middle of the hall. The center of the room is one floor, and the inner space is about 10 meters high. On both sides are two-story buildings. The details of the building are more exquisite, with square columns in the interior and scroll arch at the head of the column; the cornice and window lintel in the outdoor are decorated with progressive lines, and the eaves of the tower are decorated with arch.

structure

Basic structure

The waiting hall, with a building area of 1022 square meters and French architectural style, is a reinforced concrete structure. The plane layout is protruding in the middle and two wings are retracted. The facade layout is protruding at both ends. A tower fort with a height of 20 meters is built at the four corners of the middle. The top of the fort is cast iron and is in a streamline square cone shape. The roof has five roofs, the middle part is high, the two sides of the middle part are slightly low, and the two ends are slightly high. The roof does not come out of the eaves, and there are balustrade parapets around the eaves. The main entrance is composed of three holes and six doors, which are set in the middle of the hall. The center of the room is the waiting hall on the first floor, with a space of 10 meters high and two floors at both ends. The downstairs is used for ticketing and the upstairs for office.

Main building

Dazhimen railway station was originally the main building of the South Terminal of Lugouqiao Hankou railway (Beijing Lugouqiao Hankou railway, later known as Beijing Hankou railway), which was designed by French engineers with loan from Belgium. According to the facilities of the Western Railway Station, the architectural appearance reflects the Western neoclassical style. The architectural plane is in the shape of horizontal Asian, and the middle part is prominent. Facade modeling for the middle and two ends protruding, five roofs. There are 20 meters tall towers and forts in the four corners of the middle. The top of the fort is made of iron, with a streamline square cone shape. Walls, windows, eaves and other parts are decorated with lines and geometric figures. The roof has five roofs, the middle part is high, the two sides of the middle part are slightly low, and the two ends are slightly high. The roof does not come out of the eaves, and there are balustrade parapets around the eaves. The main entrance is composed of three holes and six doors, which are set in the middle of the hall. In the center of the room is the waiting hall on the first floor. The space is 10 meters high and the two ends are two floors. When it was born, it was once the most modern and spectacular railway station in Asia. It covers an area of more than 800 square meters, upstairs office, downstairs ticketing, waiting. The waiting hall faces east in the west, with one floor in the middle, about 10 meters high, and two storey bungalows on both sides.

development

The railway station is the first large-scale station of long-distance standard gauge railway in China. Its main building, the waiting hall, is an important historical witness of modern railway construction in China. Originally the main building of the South Terminal of Luhan Railway (later called Jinghan railway), it was designed by French engineers with loan from Belgium.

Dazhimen railway station broke ground in 1896 and was completed in 1903. On April 1, 1906, the Luhan railway was completed and opened to traffic at Dazhimen railway station.

On the evening of October 10, 1911, the revolution of 1911 broke out. Qing government officials climbed up the modern train from Dazhimen railway station and fled to the north.

On the afternoon of September 17, 1937, Hao Mengling, commander of the 9th army, went north from Dazhimen to fight against Japan. After a bloody battle, he finally got the horse's back.

In 1902, Zhang Zhidong, who had been obsessed with westernization movement and bold in practice, invited Wang Wenshao, governor of Zhili, to submit a compromise to the imperial court on the establishment of the "Railway Corporation", including the plan to build a fire station near Dazhimen in Hankou. Zhang Zhidong's music is aimed at the top. Therefore, Zhang Zhidong open bidding, and ultimately, a group of builders won the bid. After years of careful construction, the earliest railway station in Hankou stands in Dazhimen, which is Dazhimen railway station. Dazhimen railway station in Hankou is the southern terminal of Beijing Wuhan railway. At the beginning of the 20th century, the most magnificent and modern railway station in Asia at that time was regarded as the most dazzling bright spot of the whole line of Beijing Han railway. With the completion of the station and the opening of the train, the appearance of Hankou has changed

During the war of resistance against Japan, Dazhimen railway station had a good chance. On the afternoon of September 17, 1937, Hao Mengling, commander of the 9th army, went north to fight against Japan from here. After a bloody battle, he finally returned to Wuhan. In the spring of 1938, Peng Dehuai, deputy commander of the 8th Route Army and Hengdao, came to Wuhan. In the battle of Taierzhuang, Wang Mingzhang, commander of the 122nd division of the 41st army, died for his country, and his coffin was transported to Wuhan through Dazhimen station It's a historical chapter full of ink and color.

In the past, the railway platform and the Beijing Wuhan railway across the downtown area of Hankou have become a spacious Jinghan Avenue, and the overhead urban light rail transit trains are flying over the former site of the Beijing Wuhan railway, which was once glorious for a hundred years.

In the spring of 1938, Peng Dehuai, deputy commander in chief of the Eighth Route Army, visited Wuhan at Dazhimen railway station. On October 1, 1991, after the completion of the new Hankou railway station, Dazhimen railway station stopped using.

On June 25, 2001, Dazhimen railway station, as an important historical site and representative building in modern times, was approved by the State Council to be listed in the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

At the end of May 2006, the Dazhimen railway station in Hankou was undergoing maintenance and was ready to be transformed into the first railway exhibition hall in Wuhan.

Station Road

Station Road is located in Jiangan District, starting from Dazhimen railway station (also known as Jinghan railway station, laohankou railway station) in the northwest and connecting Yanjiang Avenue in the southeast. From northwest to Southeast, it crosses Youyi street, Zhongshan Avenue, Yuefei street, Shengli Street and Dongting street, with a total length of 750 meters and a width of 10-15 meters. Station Road is adjacent to Tiansheng street and Dazhi road in the northwest, and cai'e road and Dongting Road in the southeast.

At the end of 1903, Dazhimen railway station, which took three years to build, was put into operation. The use of Dazhimen railway station and the completion of Luhan railway not only added a traffic artery to the capital and North China, but also led to the economic development of Dazhimen. Taking the station road as the center, it radiates around, forming a downtown area with factories, warehouses, handling stations, shops, non-staple food shops and restaurants, and a large number of residents. Especially after 1918, with Ye Fengchi, Northern Warlords Kou Yingjie and Cheng Hanqing, Hubei governor he Peilin, comprador Liu Zijing and other dignitaries, they built houses and bought industries near station road, which added a sense of luxury to station road. This road, which is perpendicular to the railway station and leads directly to the Yangtze River, is full of people all the time.

From 1896 to 1943, most of the road was in the French Concession area, where the French Concession Industry Bureau, patrol house, barracks and many important foreign companies and clubs were located. During the concession period, Chezhan Road was divided into three sections, each with different names: the section from Hankou railway station to Youyi street was known as Ma Shili Street (MA Shili was the French consul in Hankou from 1900 to 1904); the section from Zhongshan Avenue to Dongting street was known as kelemansha street, the prime Minister of France (kelemansha was the French Prime Minister at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919); and the section from Dongting street to Yanjiang Avenue was known as kelemansha street Bunk street is the "Boundary Street" of the French and Russian concessions. In 1918, bunker street was named Wilson road after American President Wilson.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1946, the French concession was withdrawn. Therefore, it is close to Dazhimen railway station in Hankou. The Chinese government immediately merged the above three sections of roads into Station Road, which is still in use today.

Address: 1232 Jinghan Avenue, Jiang'an District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China

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Chinese PinYin : Da Zhi Men Huo Che Zhan