Deyang Confucian Temple

Confucious'Temple

synonym

Deyang Confucian temple generally refers to the Confucian Temple (Deyang Confucian temple, Sichuan Province)

Deyang Confucian temple was first built in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the later buildings were built in the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty. Deyang Confucian temple covers an area of 20800 square meters and has more than 20 ancient buildings. It is a well preserved, large-scale Confucian temple with strong local characteristics in Western China, known as "Deyang Confucian temple jiaxichuan".

Confucian temple, announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit in June 2001.

The origin of history

Deyang Confucian temple was first built in 1206 (the second year of ningzong's reign in the Southern Song Dynasty). It was in the east of the city at that time, but later collapsed due to disrepair. In 1368 (the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), it was rebuilt in the east corner of the south of the city and the existing location of South Street in Deyang City. After many repairs in the years of Chenghua, Hongzhi and Wanli, there were palace walls, Lingxing gate, Dacheng gate, Dacheng Hall (three couplets), Chongsheng Temple (three couplets), dongxiwei (three couplets), Jiexiao temple, Xiaozi temple, Xiangxian temple, Minghuan temple, Minglun hall and other buildings, which were destroyed by the war in Ming Dynasty.

It was rebuilt in 1661 (the 18th year of the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty). It was built and repaired many times during the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Qianlong and Emperor Jiaqing. From 1848 to 1855 (from the 28th year of Daoguang to the fifth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty), large-scale repairs were carried out, and the existing buildings were the basic pattern of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty.

Deyang Confucian temple covers an area of 20800 square meters, with more than 20 ancient buildings. The Confucian temple faces south in the north, with three entrances to the courtyard. The central axis of the building is the Dacheng hall, which is arranged symmetrically from south to north. From south to north, the central axis is Wanren palace wall (Zhaobi), Lingxing gate, panchi, Panqiao, Jimen (Dacheng gate), lile Pavilion, Dacheng hall and Qisheng hall. On both sides are "Daoguan ancient and modern", "depeitiandi", dongxiwei, dongxiyu stele Pavilion, dongxipeidian, etc. In front of the temple is the Confucian Temple Square, and there is a back garden in the north of the temple.

Construction scale

Dacheng hall, the main building of Deyang Confucian temple, is located in the middle courtyard of the Confucian temple. The whole building is majestic, solemn and gorgeous. It is the highest, largest and well preserved ancient building in the courtyard of the Confucian temple. It was built in 1850 (the thirtieth year of the reign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty). It is the main building of the Confucian temple, with seven rooms 33.97 meters in width, four rooms 14.78 meters in depth and 21 meters in height Covered with yellow glazed tiles, the main ridge is decorated with flying dragons, and the middle is decorated with a top. In the hall, there are statues of Confucius, Si Pei and 12 philosophers, sacrificial utensils, ritual utensils and musical instruments, Candlestick, Jue, Ting, Cuan, Cuan, Dou, Cuan and other sacrificial utensils and ritual utensils, cattle, sheep and boar, as well as chime, Bo Zhong, bianqing, Teqing, Qin, Se, Xiao, flute, Cuan, drum, Zhu (the instrument for starting Music), enemy (the instrument for ending music) and other musical instruments and conducting dance hall The face of the flag, festival, etc. There is a wide worship platform in front of the hall to enjoy the grand, simple and elegant music and dance of offering sacrifices to Confucius. Since the Qing Dynasty, large-scale activities of offering sacrifices to Confucius have been held twice a year on the fourth day of the first half of the spring and the fourth day of the first half of the autumn. After 1990, Deyang Confucian temple resumed the performance of music and dance for Confucius according to the pattern and ritual system of Qing Dynasty.

With its grand scale, complete architectural complex and rigorous layout, Deyang Confucian temple has become a representative building in Western China. Liang Sicheng, a famous ancient architecture expert, pointed out after inspecting the Deyang Confucian temple: "the architecture of Deyang Confucian temple has strong local characteristics."

Mr. Luo Zhewen, an expert on ancient architecture, believes that "Deyang Confucian temple has a large scale, complete preservation and outstanding characteristics, which are rare in China." The construction of Deyang Confucian temple occupies an important position in the national Confucian temple.

The four ritual pavilions are located on both sides of the central axis between dachengmen and dachengdian, and are arranged on the same line. The two inside pavilions are double eaves hexagonal pavilions, and the two outside pavilions are double eaves square hexagonal pavilions.

Great significance

In the winter of 1949, marshal he long, after attending the Deyang Liberation Ceremony at the Deyang Confucian temple, pointed to the ritual music Pavilion and said, "this kind of ritual music Pavilion is rare in the Confucian temples all over the country. We should protect it well.".

Wanren palace wall (Zhaobi) is 30 meters long and 11.64 meters high, higher than Zhaobi of Confucius Temple in Beijing. It is the tallest Wanren palace wall in the county Confucian temple in the mainland of China. Lingxing gate is a stone archway with eight pillars, five rooms and five skyrocketing pillars on the fifth floor. It has a unique shape and exquisite carving. It is one of the best stone carved Lingxing gates in the southern Confucian temple.

There are three single span stone arch bridges in the middle of panchi, which are of stepped arch surface shape. The span of the middle bridge is 14.9 meters, and the span of the left and right bridges is 13.8 meters, which is rare in other Confucian temples. "Depei Tiandi" and "Daoguan Gujin" are brick style double eaves Fang, with southern architectural style. Compared with the ordinary wooden Fang in domestic County Confucian temple, they have unique local characteristics.

Well preserved

The back garden of the Confucian temple is well preserved, which is extremely rare in the Confucian temple.

Address: South Street Confucian Temple

Longitude: 104.39188

Latitude: 31.129747

Tel: 0838-2203412

Tour time: half an hour

Ticket information: 20 yuan

Chinese PinYin : De Yang Wen Miao