Luyi Taiqing Palace

Taiqing palace is located 5 kilometers to the east of Luyi County. It is the birthplace of Laozi, an outstanding thinker and founder of Taoism in ancient China. Lao Tzu's surname is Li, his name is er, his name is Boyang, and his posthumous title is Dan. He was born in qurenli, Lixiang, kuxian County, the state of Chu at the end of the spring and Autumn period. Taiqing, the Taoist Wei Tian Dao, also known as the sky, is said to be inhabited by immortals. Taoism often names its temples.

Taiqing Palace

synonym

Luyi Taiqing palace generally refers to Taiqing Palace (Luyi County, Henan Province)

Taiqinggong is located in the east of Luyi County, Taiqinggong Town, formerly known as Lixiang qurenli, is the birthplace of Laozi, an outstanding thinker and founder of Taoism in ancient China. According to historical records, in the eighth year of Yanxi (165 AD) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, guanba, a member of emperor Huan's Liu Zhi school, came to establish Laozi temple. Li Yuan, the founder of the Tang Dynasty, recognized Lao Tzu as his ancestor and built a palace with Lao Tzu temple as his imperial temple. In 742, Emperor Xuanzong Li Longji officially changed "ziji Palace" into Taiqing palace. Since the "Jingkang rebellion", the Taiqing palace has been destroyed repeatedly, and then repaired several times. The existing buildings were built in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Taiqing palace was announced as a key cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province in 1986 and a national key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council in 2001. It is now a national AAAA scenic spot.

introduce

Taiqing, the Taoist Wei Tian Dao, also known as the sky, is said to be inhabited by immortals. Taoism often names its temples. Taiqing palace is a memorial building in Laozi's hometown. It was originally Laozi temple. It was built in 165, the eighth year of emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Later it was changed into Laozi temple. Li Yuan, the founder of the Tang Dynasty, recognized Lao Tzu as his ancestor. He took Lao Tzu temple as his imperial temple and built a palace. In the first year of Qianfeng (666 AD), Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, granted Lao Tzu the title of "emperor Xuanyuan of Taishang", and added "ziji Palace" and "Taiqing building" to change the name of the temple to "Xuanyuan Temple". In the first year of Empress Wu Zetian's guangzhai (684 AD), Laozi's mother was granted the title of "congenital empress dowager". On the basis of Li Mu temple in Han Dynasty, it was expanded into Dongxiao palace, located one mile north of Taiqing palace. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong Li Longji, the Taiqing palace reached its peak in scale, covering an area of 82 Mu and 40 Li around. The buildings in the palace were arranged in order, with magnificent buildings and buildings. Taiqing palace is called front palace, and Dongxiao palace is called back palace. The former palace worships Lao Tzu and the latter Li Mu. There is a river between the two palaces. There is a bridge over the river. The river is called "Jinshui", and the bridge is called "Huixian". The two palaces cover an area of 872 mu, with more than 600 buildings and pavilions, which are magnificent and prosperous for a time. The former palace is centered on Taiji hall, with Laozi cattle ranch site in the East, Yinyang mountain site in the west, and Jiubu well in it. There is a statue of Laozi in the main hall. On the side of the hall stands an iron pillar about 1.5 meters high and 25 cm in diameter, which is called "driving mountain whip". It is actually a symbol of Laozi's post of "history under the pillar". Since the "Jingkang disaster", the Taiqing palace has been destroyed repeatedly, and then repaired several times.

Historical expansion

According to the records of Hou Han Shu and Luyi County annals, Taiqing palace was built in 165, the eighth year of Yanxi in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was named Laozi temple. At that time, Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty twice sent ministers to Luyi to pay homage to Laozi, build Laozi ancestral temple, and set up Laozi ancestral monument. According to shuijingzhu, the water is in the north, which is suitable for the east of Laozi temple. There are two steles in front of the temple. Outside the south gate, Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty sent Zhongguan to manage Laozi and ordered Chen xiangbianshao to write an article. In the north of the stele, there are two stone towers, which are very important to clean up.

Li Yuan recognized Lao Tzu as the ancestor and took Lao Tzu temple as the imperial temple. In the first year of Qianfeng (666), Li Zhi, the emperor of Gaozong, blessed Laojun temple and named Lao Tzu emperor Xuanyuan. Empress Wu Zetian in the first year of guangzhai (684) made Li Mu the empress dowager, and expanded Li Mu temple into Dongxiao palace, commonly known as Hougong, which is quite large in scale. Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, visited Laozi Temple twice. He changed the name of Laozi temple to Taiqing palace. He also made a note for Tao Te Ching. The stone inscription is still in Taiqing palace. Together with Taiqing palace and other inscriptions, it was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province in 1986 and upgraded to a national key cultural relic protection unit in 2001 Protection unit. In the Tang Dynasty, the royal family stationed 500 soldiers to guard the Taiqing palace.

At the end of Tang Dynasty, Huangchao uprising destroyed Taiqing palace. Zhao Heng, the emperor of the Song Dynasty, appropriated the Treasury money to rebuild Taiqing palace and Dongxiao palace. The scale is larger than that of the Tang Dynasty. Besides, there are inscriptions such as "the stele of rebuilding Taiqing palace in the great Song Dynasty", "the praise stele of the congenital empress dowager" and "the story of Huizhen bridge". In 1014, song Zhenzong personally led his officials to pay homage to the Taiqing palace, canonized Lao Tzu as the emperor of Hunyuan and Shangde, established the stele of rebuilding the Taiqing palace, the stele of "congenitally praising the Empress Dowager" and the record of Huizhen bridge. During this period, the Taiqing palace was very prosperous, and not only the high-ranking officials and dignitaries, but also the poets and poets often came here. Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Zhe, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu and others all left precious poems about respecting the old and respecting the Tao and chanting the scenery.

The rebellion of Jingkang brought destruction to Taiqing palace, and many buildings were destroyed by war. In the Jin Dynasty, it was rebuilt, but its vitality was greatly damaged. After the unification of the Yuan Dynasty, Taoism was attached great importance. The imperial court issued an order to protect the Taiqing palace, which clearly stipulated that the Taiqing palace and Dongxiao Palace should be protected. It stipulated that the land, trees and all property within 40 li of the Taiqing palace belonged to the Taiqing palace, and the inscriptions on the steles still exist today. At that time, the scale was still considerable, but compared with the Tang and Song Dynasties, there were only "eleven hundred".

At the end of Yuan Dynasty, the area of Taiqing palace suffered from floods repeatedly, and most of the buildings were destroyed. It was not until the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty that the Taiji hall was rebuilt on the original site, but its scale was not as large as it used to be.

Taiqing palace has five Taiji halls, one iron pillar, three ancient cypresses, nine inscriptions and one moon well. Dongxiao palace has only three Qing Dynasty buildings, five Notre Dame halls, three baby halls and one song dynasty monument.

In 1997, archaeologists excavated a large group of cultural relics and historic sites in Taiqing palace, including Longshan cultural site, tombs of Western Zhou Dynasty, rammed earth base of Eastern Zhou Dynasty, large Makeng, architectural base of Tang and Song Dynasties, inscriptions on steles and architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The site is of early age, large span, well preserved, rich cultural connotation and high historical, scientific and artistic value. Many archaeologists in Beijing and Henan Province unanimously agreed that the large number of sacrificial utensils found proved that the sacrificial rites for the old were in the Taiqing palace and the sacrificial rites for Li Mu were in the Hougong palace, which were completely consistent with the historical records. The archaeological excavation was rated as one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in 1997, which went down in history and shocked people at home and abroad. Taiqing palace was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province in 1986 and upgraded to a national key cultural relic protection unit in 2001. Party and state leaders Yang Shangkun, Hu Yaobang, Zhang Aiping, Yang Dezhi, Zhu Rongji, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council, Li Keqiang, then Secretary of Henan provincial Party committee, and Li Changchun, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, also visited this holy land.

Notes on Daodejing

The inscriptions on the stele are the interpretation of Tao Te Ching by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, which are treasures of cultural relics. The stele is located in the east of the Shinto in front of Taiji hall. It was erected in 742, the first year of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty. The stele is 3.7 meters high, 1.2 meters wide and 0.36 meters thick. The head of the stele is a semicircle. The body of the stele is engraved on all sides. The front and back sides of the stele are the main body, with 22 lines on each side and 51 words on each line. It is written in official script, and the left and right sides are inscribed by scholars. The content of the inscription is Li Longji's interpretation of Tao Te Ching. 1、 This stone tablet is the earliest existing one. From the time when Bian Shao, the Minister of emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, came to visit Laozi and set up the stele, there were many steles in the history of Taiqing palace. Because of the long history and the war and banditry, most of the steles were destroyed, and only a few of them survived. This tablet is the earliest of the nearly 20 stone inscriptions left behind. The tablet on the front wall of Taiji hall is from the Yuan Dynasty. The tablet on the East and west sides of Shinto is from the Jin Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. This tablet is from the Xuanzong period of Tang Dynasty, which is nearly 1300 years ago.

2、 This stele is the emperor's annotation of Tao Te Ching, and is a good textbook for later generations to understand the Tao Te Ching of Tang Xuanzong and Lao Tzu, and the relationship between Tang Dynasty and Lao Tzu and Taoism. In Chinese history, Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, Taizu of Ming Dynasty and Shizu of Qing Dynasty annotated Daodejing, but only Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty annotated Daodejing in the form of Monument and personal annotation.

Tang Xuanzong and other emperors annotated Tao Te Ching, which provided a new perspective for later generations to study Tao Te Ching. Their classmates and scholars annotated Tao Te Ching. The difference is that the emperors annotated Tao Te Ching more from the perspective of governing the country. From the annotation of Tao Te Ching by several emperors, it can be seen that Tao Te Ching contains rich thoughts of governing the country. In addition to the imperial annotation of Tao Te Ching by many emperors, there are also scholars, officials, Taoists, Confucians, Legalists, and soldiers in the past dynasties. For example, Wei Zheng in the Tang Dynasty wrote Lao Zi Zhu Yao, Wang Anshi in the Northern Song Dynasty wrote Lao Zi Zhu, Sima Guang wrote Tao Te Zhen Jing, Su Zhe wrote Lao Zi Jie, and Zhao mengzhuan wrote Lao Zi Tao Te Jing, Li Zhi in Ming Dynasty wrote Laozi Jie, Wang Fuzhi in Qing Dynasty wrote Laozi Yan, Ji Xiaolan wrote Laozi Daodejing emendation, and Yan Fu wrote Laozi Daodejing commentary. More celebrities annotated Daodejing since the Republic of China.

3、 This monument is also a good textbook for understanding the geology and geomorphology of taiqingguan. This monument was built in the Tang Dynasty. Before 2002, it was only a foot above the ground

Chinese PinYin : Lu Yi Tai Qing Gong