Baotianman National Geopark

Baotianman National Geopark

Neixiang Baotianman Ecotourism Zone, one of the 21 World Biosphere reserves in China, is a national geopark, an integral part of Nanyang Funiu Mountain World Geopark and a national AAAA scenic spot. It is located in the north of Neixiang County, Nanyang City, Henan Province, an excellent tourist city in China, with a tourist area of 3600 hectares. The magic Baotianman is magnificent, vast and rich. In August 2011, it was awarded as the best tourism base in China, known as "natural treasure house of species" and "a pearl of Zhongzhou".

Development history

Baotianman is the first gateway of Funiu Mountain. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was called "qiulinyu". There was no smoke in a hundred miles, so it was difficult for birds to fly over. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it was known as the "scenic spot of autumn forest", the land of luxuriant forest and bamboo, and the hometown of Tung lacquer. Baotianman's predecessor is Nanyang state-owned Wangou forest farm, which was built in 1956,

The first nature reserve approved by Henan Province in 1980 was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council in 1988. In 1992, it joined the ranks of A-level key nature reserves in China with international significance. In 1993, it became a member of UNESCO World Biosphere network. On December 5, 2001, the Chinese National Committee of UNESCO's man and biosphere program held a certificate issuing ceremony in the Great Hall of the people in Beijing, announcing that Baotianman, Neixiang County, was recognized as the "World Biosphere Reserve".

At 21:50 on September 18, 2006, the good news came from Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland, far away: Funiu Mountain and Jiyuan in Nanyang, and Wangwu mountain Daimei mountain in Luoyang were named world geoparks at the Second World Geopark Congress.

In August 2011, it was awarded as the best tourism base in China.

In 2012, it was rated as "Nanyang top ten scenic spots" by Nanyang Tourism Bureau.

geographical environment

Baotianman, one of China's 21 World Biosphere reserves and the only World Biosphere Reserve in Henan Province, is located in Neixiang County, the west edge of Nanyang Basin, at the south foot of Funiu Mountain in Zhongzhou, one third of which is in Neixiang County and about two thirds in Nanzhao county.

The mountain is 500-1845 meters above sea level, covering a total area of more than 100 square kilometers. Baotianman Nature Reserve is located in the transition zone from warm temperate zone to north subtropical zone and the transition zone from the second step to the third step. It is the only watershed of Yangtze River, Yellow River and Huaihe River in China, and also the most complete natural gene pool in Central China.

It has protected the comprehensive forest ecosystem in the transition zone, 31 rare plants and more than 50 rare animals under state key protection, and provided a good living and habitat environment for 2879 species of higher plants, 213 species of birds, 62 species of mammals, 14 species of amphibians, 31 species of reptiles, 67 species of fish and 936 species of insects, The reserve plays an important role in China's rich biodiversity.

In addition, Baotianman Nature Reserve is rich in natural resources and development potential, and has established a mechanism for sustainable ecological protection; it has also established a nature museum, collecting and preserving 12387 species of biological specimens. Baotianman is called "natural gene bank of biological species" by biological experts for its unique transition zone ecosystem and rich diversity of rare wild resources. At the same time, its unique natural landscape and geological landforms can also be called uncanny craftsmanship, magnificent and magnificent, mountains and rocks are dangerous, ancient trees are towering, ponds are clear, waterfalls are like training.

The reserve has unique value of ecological tourism and geological science popularization, and has won "Baotianman National Nature Reserve", "Baotianman World Biosphere Reserve", "Baotianman Forest Ecological Station of China forest ecosystem positioning research network" and "Baotianman National Geopark"

And "National Youth Science and technology education base".

Baotianman Nature Reserve is located in Neixiang County of Nanyang city.

It is adjacent to Songshan Mountain in the north, Nanzhao County in the southeast and Huiying Wangou forest farm in Neixiang County in the southwest. The total area is 5400 hectares, of which the core area is 3150 hectares.

The reserve is the only forest and wildlife type ecological zone in the Central Plains. In 1988, the State Council declared it a national nature reserve. Baotianman Nature Reserve is located at the edge of the transition from the second level to the third level in China. It is the highest mountain extending southeast of Funiu Mountain, with an altitude of 1830 meters.

It is a typical transition climate from north subtropical to warm temperate zone. The soil is fertile, the ecological environment is unique, and the plant resources are rich.

Many ancient plants still live here. There are 2911 species of plants in the reserve. The unique natural conditions also create an extremely superior living environment for wild animals. 264 species of wild animals have been found in the area, including 29 species of national key protected animals, such as leopard, clouded leopard, gazelle, pangolin, etc.

There are many insects and more than 8000 kinds of microorganisms in the area. Baotianman Nature Reserve is not only a natural "shelter" for wild animals. And it's a natural gene pool of biological resources.

Main attractions

In Baotianman Nature Reserve, there are many natural landscapes, such as broom cliff, Mu Hu Ding, fossil tip, central pile, etc

1、 Baotianman, located in the eastern edge of the nature reserve, is named for its steep mountains, vast area and rich forest.

It is the main peak in the area, with an altitude of 1830 meters. It is the boundary mountain of Neixiang and Nanzhao counties.

There are more than 160 kinds of trees on the mountain, such as Huadong, Qinggang, huashansong, lacquer, Tung, Tilia, mulberry, etc.; more than 20 kinds of rare tree species, such as qinlingshan fir, Xiangguo, Xinyi, daguoqingchu, etc.; more than 100 kinds of animals, such as tiger, leopard, deer, roe, antelope, otter, giant salamander, Jiangfu golden rooster, etc.; and 1055 kinds of medicinal materials, such as Jinshijie, Gastrodia elata, musk, dogwood, bupleurum, Platycodon grandiflorum, etc.

It is of great value and significance to study the transition of vegetation types, the introduction and domestication of animals and plants, and the change of ecosystem.

There are Temple relics on the top of the mountain. Today, there is still a stone table engraved in the Ming Dynasty. Broom field is located in the northwest of Baotianman mountain in the nature reserve. It is said that the mountain is rich in Moso bamboo. People use bamboo here to make brooms. The mountain is one of the peaks of Funiu ridge, with an altitude of 1780 meters. The mountain is steep and dense. There are more than 1000 kinds of wild organisms and plants growing here. There are more than 900 kinds of medicinal materials. It is a scientific base for the study of animals, plants and natural secondary forests. 3. Mu Hu Ding is located in the southeast of the main peak of Baotianman.

It is said that in ancient times, there was a hunter who once herded tigers on the top of the mountain, so it was named. The mountain is one of the famous peaks of Funiu Mountain, towering into the clouds, majestic.

With an altitude of 1795 meters, the mountain is east-west. The rock of the mountain is Yanshan granite, 140-195 million years ago.

The mountain is steep, steep and straight. The ancient trees are towering and green all the year round. Due to the failure to cut down, the trees are self-sustaining and rich in tree species. Up to now, the forest elephants are in good condition.

Due to the destruction of the natural ecology at the foot of the mountain, some rare tree species and rare animals have been rushed to this small world where they live. Many animals and plants from the South and north can be found here. 4. Fossil tip, located in the southwest of the nature reserve, is named for its many series of fossils on the top of the mountain and its prominent peaks. The mountain is East-West with an altitude of 1641 meters. The main peak is steep, high in the north and low in the south. The slope is small. Wild grass and green vines are growing in it. Rare birds and animals inhabit here all the year round. 5. Niuxinduo, located in the southwest corner of the reserve, is named because there was a gem on the mountain in ancient times, which was shaped like a niuxin. The mountain is East-West with an altitude of 1300 meters.

The rocks of the mountain are CALEDONIAN GRANITE and marble, 400-600 million years ago. The north and south sides of the peak are steep cliffs, the East and west sides are gradually lower, and the East, West and south sides are surrounded by rivers. The scenery is picturesque. Rare trees on the mountain form forests naturally, and wild animals often live here. There are many kinds of precious traditional Chinese medicine. The western mountain is rich in gold and marble. --- in Baotianman Nature Reserve, you can get a bird's-eye view of the foot of the mountain by climbing the peak. The surrounding mountains are like clusters, with precipitous cliffs, clouds and fog. There are many strange peaks, which are arranged in different layers to the end of the sky, either tall and straight, or majestic, or beautiful, or strange; the shapes are different, and you can see the show in the strange. In the green sea, in addition to the above-mentioned scenery, there are also the girl tower peak looming like a pavilion in the clouds; Guanyin hat peak is as dangerous as an egg, just like a Bodhisattva's fairy crown; hanging diaoyuyu Valley is like a wall; daoqieling stone column is towering, and so on. The dangerous peak is steep, steep, and the huge stone is about to fall. Qitanshan waterfall Ming Hong, Yinshitan water as clear as a mirror, is really a beautiful picture. Baotianman Nature Reserve is like a bright pearl inlaid in the southwest of Henan Province.

Baotianman ecotourism area is a national AAAA scenic spot. It is located in the north of Neixiang County, Nanyang City, with a tourism area of 3600 hectares. The primeval forest in the area blocks out the sun, the green mountains of Cangshan Mountain are magnificent, the valleys are strange, the springs and gullies compete with each other, and the biological resources are rich and colorful.

Chinese PinYin : Bao Tian Man Guo Jia Di Zhi Gong Yuan