Liuhou Temple

Liuhou Temple

Liuhou temple is located in the west corner of liuhou Park in the center of Liuzhou,

It was originally named Luochi Temple (because it was built on the West Bank of Luochi), but now it is renamed liuhou temple. It is a temple built by Liuzhou people in memory of Liu Zongyuan, a famous politician, thinker and writer in Tang Dynasty. The present liuhou temple is rebuilt according to the Qing Dynasty buildings. There are many cultural relics and historical materials in the temple, reflecting Liu Zongyuan's life and achievements.

Historical evolution

history

Since its completion in Tang Dynasty, liuhou temple has been repaired and expanded in all dynasties. The current site is liuhou temple in Ming Dynasty, which was rebuilt in 1909. After liberation, liuhou temple has been repaired several times. The existing structure of liuhou temple is a ternary brick structure of Qing Dynasty, covering an area of about 2000 square meters.

Liu Zongyuan

Liu Zongyuan, whose name is Zihou (773-819), was born in Hedong (now Yongji City, Shanxi Province). He was called "liuhedong" and "Mr. Hedong". Because he was demoted to Liuzhou, he was also called "liuliuzhou". He was a writer, thinker and politician in the Tang Dynasty. In the ninth year of Zhengyuan (793), he was a Jinshi and a scholar. He was a magistrate of Lantian County, a censor and a Li Xing. In the middle Tang Dynasty, he and Han Yu jointly initiated the ancient prose movement and became one of the eight great writers in the Tang and Song dynasties. In the first year of Yongzhen (805), he took part in the political reform movement led by Wang Shuwen. He became a member of the Ministry of rites, wailang, and failed in the reform. In the same year, he was demoted to Yongzhou (now Yongzhou City, Hunan Province) Sima. In 815, he was relegated to Liuzhou and died four years later. During his four years in Liuzhou, he promoted culture and education, released slaves and maidservants, built city walls, planted trees, changed customs, and made a great political voice. In the third year after his death in Liuzhou, that is, the first year of Changqing (821), local people built a temple beside Luochi as a memorial in accordance with his will to "house me in Luochi". In Tang Dynasty, officials, gentry and literati visited liuhou temple.

Liu Zongyuan was named Wenhui marquis in Song Dynasty, so it was renamed liuhou temple in 1104. In the Northern Song Dynasty, when Tao Bi, a magistrate of Yangshuo County and a magistrate of Yongzhou, visited liuhou temple, he left two poems, such as "siliu Pavilion" and "Ganzi hall", to commemorate Liu Zongyuan. In Yuan Dynasty, Chen Fu, a doctor in the Ministry of rites and edited by the Imperial Academy and the Academy of national history, wrote the poem "Ma Ping pays homage to liuhou Temple"; Fu ruojin, a former ambassador to Annan and later professor of literature in Guangzhou, wrote the poem "pay homage to Luochi Temple". In the Ming Dynasty, Han Shouyi, a Guangxi Heshi and later official, wrote the poem of paying homage to Luochi temple, and Dai Qin, a doctor of the Ministry of punishment, wrote the poem of paying homage to Liuzi Hou Temple. There are many poems in the Qing Dynasty and modern times. According to incomplete statistics, since the Song Dynasty, 183 poems and couplets have been left by literati in the liuhou temple.

Main attractions

The temple is divided into front, middle and main hall. There are more than 40 precious stone carvings such as Liu Zongyuan's stone statue, Liu Zongyuan's statue and "Lizi tablet". "Lizi stele" is the calligraphy of Su Shi, a great literary master in Song Dynasty. It is written in Han Yu's stele of Luochi temple in Liuzhou for worshiping Liu Zongyuan. Because the literary grace and charm of the three great literary masters in Tang and Song dynasties are condensed into one stele, it is called "three unique steles". Behind the temple is Liu Zongyuan's Tomb of clothes and crowns. To the east of the temple is Liu Zongyuan's memorial hall to commemorate the statesman of Tang Dynasty and Liu Heng, Liuzhou Si Hu Shen's military officer. There are also some ancillary buildings, such as Mandarin Pavilion, Luochi, lecture hall, Shanchang house, zhaifang, cloister, courtyard and so on.

Liu Zongyuan's tomb

In 819 A.D., Liu Zongyuan died of illness in Liuzhou. The next year, the coffin was buried in Chang'an. Liu people built a tomb with clothes and crowns at the place where Liu Zongyuan's coffin was placed for the rest of the year.

Mandarin Pavilion

Because Liu Zongyuan once planted tangerines in Liuzhou, his poem "planting sweet trees in the northwest corner of Liuzhou City" was widely spread, and later generations built "tangerine hall" to praise it. Later, the original site collapsed and was rebuilt in 1754 beside Luochi, later renamed "Mandarin Pavilion".

Luochi

Luochi night moon was one of the eight ancient scenes in Liuzhou. Han Yu wrote in "Liuzhou Luochi Temple stele": three years after Liu Zongyuan's death, Tuomeng's former Ministry, Ouyang Yi, said: "I'm in Luochi, which is why this pool of water at the east gate of Liuzhou city is famous. According to Li Xiya's Luo Chi Shu Wu Ji in the Ming Dynasty, the ancient Luo Chi is "vast and countable Li, clear, smooth and reflecting on the outside". When the moon rises above Dengtai mountain, it reflects the water surface of Luochi, and the realm is cold and ethereal. Under the willows by the pool, it looks up at the bright moon in the water sky, which becomes a beautiful scene. As a result, Luochi has become an entry in "etymology" and "Chinese ancient and modern place name dictionary".

Shanchang housing

The place where the president of Liujiang Academy (Shanchang) and his students live and collect books is a quiet and elegant quadrangle. The East zhaifang used to be the residence of the monks in Kaiyuan Temple who took care of liuhou temple.

visit

The gold plaque of "liuhou Temple" hanging on the gate of the ancestral hall is the handwriting of Guo Moruo, a contemporary writer and historian. The couplet is a collection of Han Yu's poems. The book says: "the mountains and rivers come back to Huangjiao and Danli; the spring and Autumn Annals serve to bless our people", which was written by Yang Han, the magistrate of Yongzhou in the late Qing Dynasty. Toujin has preserved more than 20 steles from the Song Dynasty to the present, of which two "Lizi steles" are embedded in the central hall. The inscription on the right is the original one carved in the 10th year of Jiading (1217) of the Southern Song Dynasty, and on the left is a copy of the Qing Dynasty imitated by the Song Dynasty. The inscription is extracted from Han Yu's poem of enjoying God from the stele of Luochi temple in Liuzhou. Because the first sentence says "Lizi Danxi Jiaohuang", later generations call it "Lizi tablet". The poem praises liuhou, written by Han Yu and written by Su Shi. The literary grace and charm of the three great writers of Tang and Song dynasties are condensed in one tablet, so later generations also call it "hanwensu shuliushi tablet" or "Sanjue tablet". This tablet is the treasure of liuhou temple. Its stone carving technique is unrestrained and unrestrained, its depth is strange and its shape is given in essays. It complements Su Dongpo's magnificent and profound calligraphy and is promoted as Su Dongpo's calligraphy First in the monument. The inscriptions also include the stele of Luochi temple in Liuzhou and the stone statues of Liu Zongyuan in Yuan Dynasty, which are rare and precious cultural relics. The wall is hung with Liu Zongyuan's life materials and later generations' calligraphy and painting works.

Two into the hall, there are two stone wells, ancient mottled. After Liu Zongyuan arrived in Liuzhou, in order to solve the problem of people's draught, he sent people to explore the source and dig wells to divert water. These two stone wells were set up to commemorate Liu Zongyuan's digging wells for the people, and are the witness of liuhou's "virtue to the people".

In the center of the third main hall, there is a three color pottery statue of Liu Zongyuan, wearing a brown Futou, a Tang Dynasty official uniform and a wolf's hair in hand. It was introduced from Xi'an by Liuzhou Museum in 1996 with an investment of 150000 yuan in order to increase the landscape of liuhou temple. Along with Liu Zongyuan's statues, 19 three colored pottery statues of famous poets in Tang Dynasty were introduced, including Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Han Yu, Liu Yuxi and others. In the glass cabinet in the middle of the hall, there is a remnant stele lined with gold velvet, which is called "Longcheng stone carving". The text says: "the willows of Longcheng are guarded by gods; they drive away evil spirits and make daggers; they bless the four people and make nine ugliness. Yuan and twelve years. Liu Zongyuan. " The original stele was unearthed in 1623, the third year of the Ming Dynasty. It was named after the inscription "Dragon City willow". It is said that the short sword unearthed together had the same inscription, so it is also called "sword stele". It is said that it was written by Liu Zongyuan. The authenticity of it has caused a dispute for hundreds of years. In ancient times, taxi drivers and merchants who waded in the water often took the rubbings of "sword stele" with them to pray for peace. There is a bronze statue of Liu Zongyuan and three ministries in the back hall. In addition, there are two Qing Dynasty bells in liuhou temple, one bronze and one iron.

The most important cultural relics in the temple are inscriptions of past dynasties. By 2000, liuhou temple had collected 45 precious inscriptions since the Song Dynasty. In addition, the modern famous inscriptions include the poem written by Mr. Guo Moruo on February 10, 1961, the inscription written by General Yang Chengwu in the spring of 1993, and the inscription left by General Secretary Jiang Zemin at liuhou temple in 1996.

Treasure of Zhenci

That is "three unique steles". What's the best? Korean, Su Shu, Liu Shi.

Liu Zongyuan did not exist. His good friend Han Yu wrote "Liuzhou Luochi Temple stele" as a sacrifice. There is a poem in the stele saying "enjoy God poem", which is full of vitality and deep feelings. Su Shi in the Northern Song Dynasty read his articles, chanted his poems, sighed about his deeds and thought about him. So he wrote the poem, which was carved into a monument by local craftsmen in Liuzhou during the Southern Song Dynasty. The inscriptions are magnificent and profound in calligraphy, and the brush is unrestrained and unrestrained, which is regarded as the first stele of Dongpo calligraphy by the world. The monument is a collection of Korean, sushu and Liushi of the three great masters. It is rare in the world, so it is called "three unique steles". Because the first sentence says "Lizi Danxi Jiaohuang", it is also called "Lizi tablet".

"Enjoy God poem" says: "Lizi Dan Xi Jiao Huang, miscellaneous food Xi into the hall of Hou, Hou Xi two flags, crossing the stream Xi wind park. I don't know if I can't wait. Hou chengbaiju came to the temple to comfort our people. The mountain of geese, the water of willows, the osmanthus trees, the white stone teeth. When the Hou Dynasty travels, the dusk comes and returns. When the spring and the ape sing, when the autumn and the crane fly. The people of the northern Lord are right and wrong. Long live the future. I wish Hou Fu, Xi Shou, I, drive evil spirits to the left of the mountain. There is no bitterness, no dampness, no dryness in the sky, and no envy in the sky. I'm not lazy in my daily work, and I've been in charge of it ever since. "

Folk activities

There are many ethnic minorities in northern Guangxi. There are festivals all year round. If you have a chance to travel there, you will have no regrets. On the third day of March, Zhuang people hold grand "Song fair" activities every third of March. On this day, young men and women sing songs all day long, so it is also called "Song Festival".

Chinese PinYin : Liu Hou Ci