Mangtou mountain

Mangtou mountain

Mangtou mountain is located in Luchuan Township, Yichuan County, with an altitude of 1427 meters and 48 kilometers away from the county seat. It has dense forest, majestic mountains, precipitous and dangerous mountains, green pines and cypresses, and is magnificent. In 1998, it was listed as a provincial forest park by Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Department, and one of the national scenic spots of Hukou waterfall of the Yellow River.

brief introduction

Hukou waterfall is a brilliant pearl embedded in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. It is well-known for its magnificent scenery and its profound civilization origin at home and abroad. It is well deserved to be called the first waterfall of the Chinese nation. On both sides of Hukou, there are many strange peaks and mountains, such as renzu mountain, Anle mountain, Goutou mountain, Pangu mountain and so on. Their different scenery adds more charming scenery to Hukou scenic spot. Mangtou mountain, located in Yichuan on the West Bank and less than 40 kilometers away from Hukou waterfall, is one of the most worth visiting. Because of its precipitous and precipitous height, it stands aloof in the hinterland of the Loess Plateau and stands aloof, dominating the peaks and overlooking the earth.

Mangtou mountain has a deep connection with Hukou and Dayu's flood control. According to folklore, the five peaks of mangtou mountain were the result of Dayu's killing nine headed Python XiangLiu when he was controlling the flood. It is also recorded in the book of mountains and seas, overseas North Scripture Yu killed Xiang Liu It is the platform of the emperors. " There is a Zhenwu temple on the highest peak of mangtou mountain. The Zhenwu emperor worshipped in this temple is the father of Dayu. According to the research of archaeologist Professor Bai Lichang, Yu Shi's throne (2581-2537 BC) was established. In the Xia Dynasty, his father Gan was enfeoffed as the God of water, and a Xuantian temple was built in the Dangshan mountain of Luliang, which is now Wudang Mountain, to worship him, known as "Xuanwu emperor". Why is Xuanwu the great emperor? The so-called "Xuan" is Xuantian, another name for the north. In the spring and Autumn Annals of the Lu family, you Shi said, "the northern part is called Xuantian." Dayu got "xuangui", namely Xuanshi, and regarded it as sacred. In ancient times, it was called "Xuansheng" who had the virtue of governing the world but did not occupy its position. If this is true, then it is no accident that the God of water was worshipped at the Hukou port, the birthplace of Dayu's water control.

Overview of scenic spots

In recent years, mangtou mountain has gradually emerged. With its unique natural landscape and long history of humanities, it has become the most important Alpine scenic spot in Hukou scenic area. More and more people pay attention to the famous mountains and rivers formed by Hukou waterfall. In 1998, it was listed as a provincial forest park by Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Department. On December 23, 2004, it was approved as mangtoushan National Forest Park by the State Forestry Administration. (MA Yuping)

There is an old Chinese saying: "explore the ancient temple in the mountains, and see the Buddhist hall in Pingchuan." Many famous mountains and rivers have ancient temples, and mangtou mountain is no exception. In history, mangtou mountain has always been a Taoist cultural resort on the border of Shaanxi and Shanxi. There are large-scale buildings on mangtou mountain. The architectural style of these temples is unique and large-scale. When people sigh about the greatness of the ancient Yichuan people, they can't help but think of a question: How did such a huge building need a large number of construction raw materials to be transported to the mountain? In ancient times, there were only narrow paths and no transport roads. There were no brick and tile factories on the mountain, and there were no transport vehicles at that time.

After the bricks and tiles were fired, there was no way to transport them up the mountain. Later, in a dream, a foreman heard an old silver haired woman riding on a golden tortoise shouting: "sheep try to carry, sheep try to carry.". People suddenly open, give each sheep sew a small chain, put on two or four tiles, carry the sheep up the mountain. In this way, all the bricks and tiles are transported to the top of the mountain. With the passage of time, "yangshituo" gradually evolved into today's yangshitou village.

The Taoist temple has been repaired and rebuilt for several times, and its scale is very large. On the mountain, there were many temples, such as Notre Dame hall, Zhenwu temple, Xuanwu temple, Tianshen temple, earth temple, Lingguan hall, etc. in addition, there were also yuelou hall, stage, bell tower, etc. The layout of the buildings on the mountain is very ingenious. The temples are built on the top of several mountains. Only through the south gate, the east gate and the west gate can they enter the stone village. On the mountain, five stone wells were dug in each temple to store rainwater for drinking.

Beifeng as a whole is a huge rock, surrounded by cliffs, there are one man at the gate, ten thousand people can not open the potential. There are Notre Dame hall, Le Lou Xian hall, stage, bell tower and so on. From the northern foot of the mountain, I enter the music pool. The south of the music pool is the stage, and the East and West are the eight hole stone kilns. There is a stone well and a hole in the courtyard. Two stone bears. A natural stone cave leads to the Notre Dame hall, engraved with the four characters "Tongtian Jilong". There are three statues in the Notre Dame hall, the middle is "Notre Dame", the left is "nine days of Notre Dame", and the right is "descendants of Notre Dame". A couplet behind the statue of the Virgin Mary temple is as follows: "born in the shape of all things, men and women are born with endless vitality, and the earth turns thousands of Qi, yin and Yang into infinite nature." It was written by Gao Zhiyi of guixuan in Jinyi.

Yuanbeifeng continued to climb the mountain, built a music hall, etc., dedicated to the Taoist gods. There is a temple of earth on the hillside, on which there is a couplet: "earth can produce all things, and earth can produce thousands of auspicious things.".

Tongtian ladder is located in the south peak of mangtou mountain. From the south gate to the Zhenwu Temple (Zhenwu temple is written with three characters of "Zhenwu Temple", written by Wang Bingxun in March of the reign of emperor bingxu of Guangxu), there is a stone terrace more than 30 meters long and two meters wide, with a total of 81 steps. But according to local people, there are countless stone steps here. At the end of the steps, there are two generals in charge of the gate, the black tiger Lingguan, with the word "Xuanwu emperor" on it. There are Zhenwu temple and Xuanwu temple on the main peak. The two temples are opposite and stand on the top of the mountain. Inside there is a statue of emperor Zhenwu.

On the southwest side of the peak in mangtou mountain, there is a stone kiln called sandaobi, also known as Gan Gu kiln or Taoist tomb. It is 2 meters high and 3 meters deep. It is made of bluestone. On both sides of the cave, there is the inscription "piety flows to the East, sincerity goes to the west". There are three cypress coffins in memory, which are said to be the coffins of Taoist Ji, Hua Gongsheng and Feng Baolu in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. There are also several coffins in the cliff under the Nantianmen gate. It is said that they are the remains of those who failed to build Taoism. Now they have become mummies. There is a temple of heaven built in Xifeng, which is dedicated to Lord ma.

Over the centuries, the buildings on the mountain have been eroded by wind and rain, natural and man-made disasters, and many of them have been repaired and rebuilt. During the cultural revolution of the last century, when the four old buildings were broken, they were destroyed, and the cultural relics and ancient buildings on the mountain were destroyed. At present, there are only the ruins and decaying walls of five temples, namely, Notre Dame temple, Xuandi temple, Zhenwu temple, Xiyue temple and Shanshen temple. The opera tower, music tower, Xiandian, xizhaimen and Nantianmen have collapsed, but the architectural remains are clearly visible.

Mangtoushan temple has a long history. At present, the site was built in the 43rd year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty. The temple records of mangtou mountain are still on mangtou mountain. There is a stone tablet on the mountain in the first year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, written by Zhang Yongshun, a native of the city My mangtou mountain is old, and the three pillars of Notre Dame temple were burned in Yongzheng year. " It can be seen that there were temples on the mountain before the Qing Dynasty. On the mountain, a stone tablet in the 26th year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1598 A.D.) is engraved with a record of the new Notre Dame hall, which introduces mangtou mountain in detail Seventy miles to the east of Yi, there is a mountain named mangtou: the mountains and rivers are intertwined, the scenery is gathering, and the general situation is outstanding. There are many peaks and peaks in it. Looking from a distance, you can see the clouds and clouds, just like a picture. When you climb up and look at it, you can see the isolated clouds and wild geese, vanish away from the distant sky and fish. It's really made by heaven and earth, and you can worship the temple's appearance and perfect the gods! " It can be seen from the inscriptions that the Notre Dame hall on the mountain was first built in 1564 A.D. in the 43rd year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty. It was presided over by Cheng jiaoxuan, a Taoist on the mountain, and his apprentice he Quanxiao. It was completed on the 6th of July in the 25th year of Wanli and lasted for 35 years. Therefore, mangtou mountain has always been beautiful, and the temple buildings on mangtou mountain have a history of at least 440 years.

Address: Yichuan County, Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province

Longitude: 110.39388

Latitude: 35.993054

Chinese PinYin : Mang Tou Shan