Revolutionary activities Memorial Hall at the former site of Shanxi National Normal University

Revolutionary activities Memorial Hall at the former site of Shanxi National Normal University

Located in xiaobeimen, Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the former revolutionary activities Memorial Hall of Shanxi National Normal University was planned to be built in 1984 and opened on September 18, 1991. In 2000, it added the brand of Taiyuan revolutionary history exhibition hall, which belongs to Taiyuan Municipal Bureau of cultural relics.

The former site was Shanxi Provincial National Normal School, which was founded in 1919. It is a normal school founded by Yan Xishan to cultivate primary school teachers in Shanxi Province. Later, it became one of the strong fortresses of Shanxi revolutionary activities after Shanxi provincial No.1 middle school. It was one of the important bases for the Communist Party of China to carry out revolutionary activities, establish the Anti Japanese national united front and mobilize the masses to carry out the Anti Japanese national salvation movement in Shanxi during the first and second domestic revolutionary war and the early period of the Anti Japanese war. In 1996, the people's Government of Shanxi Province announced it as a key cultural relics protection unit at the provincial level.

In December 2016, the revolutionary activities Memorial Hall at the former site of Shanxi National Normal University was selected into the national red tourist attractions list.

brief introduction

The revolutionary activities Memorial Hall in the former site of Shanxi National Normal University is called National Normal University Memorial Hall for short. Located at No.245, Wuyi North Road, Taiyuan City, formerly known as "Shanxi Provincial National Normal School", it is the only relatively complete revolutionary site preserved in Taiyuan City, and officially opened on September 18, 1991.

Its predecessor was Shanxi Provincial National Normal School. During the first and second civil revolutionary wars and on the eve of the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, it became an important activity base of the Communist Party of China in Shanxi twice. It was here that proletarian revolutionaries such as Xu Qianqian and Bo Yibo received the enlightenment education of Marxism Leninism and embarked on the revolutionary road. Shanxi's first Anti Japanese armed forces - Shanxi youth anti enemy decisive death team was also born here. There are more than 10000 valuable cultural relics, more than 16000 historical photos and more than 900 cultural relics on display in the museum.

history

Shanxi Provincial National Normal School was founded in June 1919. It is a normal school founded by Yan Xishan to train primary school teachers in Shanxi Province. It is composed of the school headquarters, stadium and farm. The whole campus covers an area of 200000 square meters, with more than 290 classrooms, offices, dormitories and practice workshops. Open Mandarin, mathematics, history, military training, internship factory and other subjects. At that time, the secondary vocational schools in Taiyuan were the best and the largest in scale. It takes the western style gate (restored), the auditorium (destroyed), the two-story office building of Xieshan rolling shed type front eaves with corridor and the recording room as the central axis, and there are libraries, student dormitories, internship factories, etc. on both sides. The whole building is located in the north to the south, with a square plane and a grand scale. It is a combination of Chinese and Western styles. Unfortunately, some buildings no longer exist.

Shanxi Provincial National Normal School has a glorious revolutionary history. It is one of the famous activity bases of the Communist Party of China in Shanxi during the first and second domestic revolutionary war and the Anti Japanese war.

As early as the spring of 1924, Liang Qichang, Wei Sigong and Ji Xiuchuan, students of the National Normal University, secretly established the first branch of the Socialist Youth League of the National Normal University on this campus. Founded the peripheral organizations of the party and the Communist Youth League. More than ten mass organizations, such as the "Youth Society" and "youth wall newspaper agency" and "guosu debate meeting", with Communist Party members and Youth League members as the core, have become our party's positions for publicizing revolution and ties with youth. They launched the first student movement aimed at "overthrowing the director general, driving away the head teacher, establishing the student union and participating in the provincial student union".

In 1926, the Shanxi party organization established a national division Party branch with Comrade Bo Yibo as the Secretary in the National Normal University, developed more than 220 members of the party and League, and transported a large number of students to Huangpu Military Academy. Xu Qianxiang, Bo Yibo, Cheng Zihua, Wang Shiying and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation, as well as many veteran comrades who have taken on important leading positions, have been enlightened by Marxism Leninism and embarked on the revolutionary road here.

From 1928 to the summer of 1936, the work of the party organization in the provincial capital was transferred to the countryside, but the revolutionary activities of the National Normal University were carried out in secret. They sowed the revolutionary fire with many Party organizations around the league, such as the September 18th reading club, Shanxi Mutual Aid Association, Social Science Federation, friends of the Red Army and so on. These organizations all take party and League members as the core, and hundreds of party, league members and progressive young people participate in these organizations. In 1934, under the direct organization and leadership of Li Xuefeng, Secretary of the "mutual aid society" party and Youth League, and Liu Yaofu, the leader of the "Shanxi Red Army friends society", an unprecedented scale struggle against the HKCEE was carried out in the city's secondary schools and above, and the "Taiyuan secondary school fresh graduates' union" was established to mobilize the city's students to hold processions and petitions. Through this struggle, a large number of Party and League members and a large number of progressive young people participated in the peripheral academic groups organized by the party and League. As a result, Yan Xishan found that the national normal school was a fire that could not be put out, and decided not to recruit new students from the second half of 1934. On December 9, 1939, the student Anti Japanese Patriotic Movement broke out in Beiping. Taiyuan universities and middle schools held a meeting in the National Normal University auditorium and established the "Taiyuan student Anti Japanese and national salvation union". Shortly after that, Duan ruozong, a Communist Party member, and Qiao Zenglu, a student leader, were killed by the reactionary authorities for "hanging the police and publicizing the Communist Party". At this point, the authorities closed the school in 1936, ending the history of Shanxi Provincial National Normal School.

From 1937 to November 1939, the Shanxi Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China (open) and the Shanxi Alliance for sacrifice and salvation worked here. The alliance has made important contributions to mobilizing the masses, organizing the masses, training cadres, establishing armed forces, strengthening the construction of Anti Japanese base areas, promoting the Anti Japanese national united front, and developing the Anti Japanese situation in Shanxi. The northern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has given full affirmation and pointed out that "the alliance played a leading role not only in the mass movement in Shanxi, but also in the government and the army, started the reform of the political structure, founded the new army, and played a brilliant role in promoting the progress and development of the United Front in Shanxi and in upholding the Anti Japanese war in Shanxi and even in North China." From 1936 to the autumn of 1937, under the direct leadership of the Shanxi Provincial Working Committee of the Communist Party of China (open), the League held "military and political training class" and "civilian training cadre training group" here. The military department of the general field movement is here

The "guerrilla cadre training group" was held in Shanghai. The trainees came from more than 20 provinces, cities and overseas Chinese. They trained more than 4000 military and political cadres for our party. Known as "the Huangpu Military Academy during the great revolution." Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Xu Qianqian, Peng Dehuai, Yang Shangkun, Cheng Zihua, Zhou Xiaozhou and other comrades have come here to guide their work. Some of them have also made important reports for the cadres of the alliance and the cadets of the "military and political training class". In August 1937, our Party established the Anti Japanese armed forces Shanxi young anti enemy decisive death team with some students of "military and political training class", "civilian training cadre training group" and "national army officer training group" as the backbone, which laid the foundation for the establishment of Shanxi new army and strengthened the Anti Japanese military strength. The famous Anti Japanese heroine Li Lin was a student of the girl company of "military and political training class".

The history of National Normal University is glorious. It is the cradle of Shanxi revolutionary movement and has cultivated a generation of proletarian revolutionaries for Shanxi revolution and Chinese revolution. Xu Qianqian, Bo Yibo, Cheng Zihua, Wang Shiying and Li Xuefeng are outstanding representatives among them. What's more valuable is that she is like a planter, which has removed thousands of revolutionary seeds from Taihang and the shore of Fenshui, and scattered them on the land of China.

present situation

In order to carry forward the glorious revolutionary tradition of our party and our army and run a socialist education base well, the provincial and municipal governments have allocated funds to maintain and protect the National Normal University. After restoration, the whole Memorial Hall covers an area of 6600 square meters (less than one twentieth of the original planning area). In addition to the centralized representation of the original style of that year, the photo wall for the revolutionary activities of the National Normal University was added outside the door, and the supporting East Exhibition Gallery, West exhibition hall and reception room formed a complete tour route, with pictures, charts, photos, cultural relics and other contents displayed in the museum It's very rich. In the office building and the East Library, there are 12 parts and some auxiliary exhibitions on display, including "the original site model of Shanxi National Normal University", "the exhibition of sacrificing and saving the Nation Alliance", "the battle history exhibition of Shanxi anti enemy decisive team", "the exhibition of the struggle history of Taiyuan area of the Communist Party of China", which show the glorious revolutionary history of different stages of National Normal University from different angles and reproduce the scenes of revolutionary activities.

significance

Although the National Normal University has become a thing of the past, its glorious revolutionary tradition of pursuing truth, loving the motherland, being brave and fearless, working hard, uniting and being good at struggle will always be remembered and passed on from generation to generation. As an important base for patriotism and revolutionary tradition education, it will be admired by the people.

Basic Display

Basic Display

Shanxi sacrificial alliance was founded in Taiyuan on September 18, 1936. The League organized various anti Japanese training classes in the national normal school, and established the first unit of the new army of Shanxi, the young anti enemy decisive team of Shanxi. The alliance and the Shanxi new army developed rapidly and made glorious achievements in the Anti Japanese struggle in Shanxi and even in North China.

Bo Yibo's office from 1936 to 1937, Bo Yibo worked and lived in the east of the second floor of the office building of National Normal University. Original display

Chinese PinYin : Shan Xi Guo Min Shi Fan Jiu Zhi Ge Ming Huo Dong Ji Nian Guan