Central Academy of Fine Arts

essential information

The past of Yangmei

Historical evolution

National Beijing Fine Arts School

The predecessor of the Central Academy of fine arts is the national Beiping art college, which can be traced back to the National Beijing Academy of fine arts founded in 1918 by Cai Yuanpei, an educator. ZHENG Jin was the first president of the Academy. This is the first National Academy of fine arts education in Chinese history and the beginning of modern fine arts education in China.

In 1923, the National Beijing School of fine arts changed its name to the National Beijing School of fine arts, with three departments of Chinese painting, Western painting and pattern. At the beginning of the 20th century, a group of art talents who first studied in Europe, Japan and the United States gathered in art colleges to spread new knowledge and explore art education. The teaching structure of art college has taken shape.

In 1925, Wen Yiduo, Zhao taimou, Xiong Foxi and Xiao Youmei, who returned from studying in the United States, set up drama and music departments in the National Academy of fine arts, and changed their name to national Beijing art school. The drama department of National Beijing Art College is the beginning of the establishment of drama major in national educational institutions in modern Chinese history. National Beijing Art College is also one of the birthplaces of modern music education in China.

In 1926, at the age of 26, Lin Fengmian presided over the teaching of the National Beijing art school with the determination to transform the art school and the ambition to implement the whole art movement and promote the development of social art. When Lin Fengmian was the president of National Beijing Art College, he invited Qi Baishi, Crodo and other famous Chinese and foreign scholars as professors.

On May 11, 1927, the "Beijing Art Conference" initiated by Lin Fengmian officially opened, with the art college campus as the main venue. Posters, advertisements and posters are all over the capital. More than 3000 pieces of art works are displayed, including Chinese painting, oil painting, sculpture, pattern and architecture. There are also music performances, performances of the "May 5 drama club", "shape art club" and youth club of the art college, and student associations are distributed Publications. "Beijing Art Conference" is a grand comprehensive art exhibition in modern Chinese history.

School of art, National Peking University

In 1927, nine national colleges and universities in Beijing were merged into the Capital University, and the National Beijing Art College was renamed the Art Department of the Capital University. In 1928, the national government established the capital of Nanjing, Beijing was renamed as Peking, Peking University was renamed as National Peking University, and the College of Arts was renamed as the Art College of National Peking University. In 1929, the Department of architecture was set up in the Art College of National Peking University, which was the beginning of the Department of architecture for professional art colleges.

In 1934, after the merger and pause, it was restored to the national Peiping art college, and the school buildings were rebuilt, forming a large scale. Among the teachers, there were artists and scholars such as Qi Baishi, Pu Xinyu, Chang Shuhong, Wang Linyi, Pang Xunfu, Wen Yiduo, etc.

In 1938, after the July 7th incident, Beiping was occupied and the school moved to the south. The two national art colleges in Beiping and Hangzhou were merged and named national art college. They successively moved to Yuanling, Hunan, Kunming, Yunnan, Chenggong, Bishan, Sichuan, Shapingba, Chongqing, etc. The journey is 6000 kilometers and takes nine years.

After the fall of Peiping, the Japanese army used the school buildings of Art College as military. The left behind part of Art College moved several times, and it was difficult to find a place to settle down. In 1938, it was temporarily stabilized in dongzongbu Hutong, and the art college was renamed National Beijing Art College.

In August 1946, after the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the national Peiping Art College resumed its operation in Beijing. Xu Beihong took over the post of president of the college. In order to innovate the teaching of Peiping art college, Xu Beihong attached great importance to talent and talent, and a large number of outstanding artists and scholars gathered at the college.

In November 1949, the three fine arts departments of North China University and the national Peiping Art College merged. The predecessor of the three fine arts departments of North China University was the Fine Arts Department of Lu Xun Art College in Yan'an, which was founded in 1938. With the approval of the Central People's government, the National Academy of fine arts was established. Chairman Mao Zedong inscribed the name of the Academy. Xu Beihong was the first president.

Central Academy of Fine Arts

In January 1950, the National Academy of fine arts changed its name to the Central Academy of fine arts with the approval of the Government Affairs Council of the Central People's government. On April 1, the founding ceremony of the Central Academy of fine arts was held at No. 5, Xiaowei Hutong, Wangfujing.

 

In 1961, the China Academy of fine arts was incorporated into the Central Academy of fine arts.

In 1964, the Fine Arts Department of Beijing Academy of Arts (now China Conservatory of Music) was incorporated into the Central Academy of fine arts.

In 1973, the Central Academy of fine arts participated in the merger and establishment of the central May 7th University of fine arts.

In 1977, the central May 7th University of Arts (formerly part of the Central Academy of Fine Arts) resumed the Central Academy of fine arts.

In 1978, it became one of the first batch of institutions to recruit graduate students.

In 1981, with the approval of the State Council, the Central Academy of fine arts became the first batch of master's degree awarding units in China.

In March 1984, the University became the second batch of doctoral degree awarding authority.

On October 17, 2001, the Central Academy of fine arts moved to the new site of Wangjing New Area. The No. 5 gate of Xiaowei Hutong was moved as a memorial and embedded behind the new gate. The construction of Wangjing campus of Central Academy of fine arts is one of the national key cultural construction projects in the ninth five year plan, covering an area of 200 mu.

 

In 2016, the Graduate School of the Central Academy of fine arts was established.

 

In September 2017, it was shortlisted in the first batch of national "double first-class" world-class discipline construction universities.

 

Brilliant project

Central Academy of fine arts and RMB design

The relationship between the Central Academy of fine arts and RMB design began with the second set of RMB. The second set of RMB began to be planned and designed in 1950. The relevant departments hired Luo Gongliu, who was then the head teacher of the art cadre training class of the Central Academy of fine arts, as the overall director. He invited our teachers Zhou Lingzhao and Wang Shikuo to participate in the planning and design, among whom Zhou Lingzhao was responsible for the overall design.

The third set of RMB was born in the early 1960s. In addition to Luo Gongliu and Zhou Lingzhao, members of the design team added Hou Yimin and Deng Shu, teachers of the Central Academy of fine arts, who are good at landscape and character themes, and Chen ruoju, a teacher of the Central Academy of Arts and crafts (formerly the Department of practical fine arts of the Central Academy of Fine Arts), who are good at decorative arts, and Zhou Lingzhao's wife. This set of main chart of RMB reflects the policy that the national economy was based on agriculture, led by industry, and focused on both agriculture and light industry. In this set of RMB, the 5-yuan coupon has won international awards and become one of the best banknotes in the world.

The fourth set of RMB issued after the reform and opening up is the one with the longest planning and design time: from the design concept proposed in 1967 to the final decision in 1985, it has experienced many twists and turns. This set of RMB has been designed since 1983. With the support of the leaders of the Central Academy of fine arts and other units, an expert group of five designers of the third set of RMB is still formed, with the participation of experts in relevant fields.

From 1 jiao to 10 yuan, Hou Yimin and Deng Shu designed the coupons; from 1 yuan to 10 yuan, Zhou Lingzhao and Chen ruoju designed the coupons. The main picture of 50 yuan voucher designed by Luo Gongliu and Zhou Lingzhao is a symbol of the image of workers, peasants and intellectuals of our country. After receiving the task of designing 100 yuan banknotes, Zhou Lingzhao and his colleagues faced the problem of how to continue to design banknotes with higher denominations. Before that, Zhou Lingzhao had been responsible for organizing and planning the National Day Parades over the years. Inspired by the huge portraits of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi and Zhu De carried by the people in the parades celebrating the 30th anniversary of the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1979, he felt that the political environment at that time had been able to properly evaluate the historical status of the collar sleeves. Therefore, he proposed that the main picture of the 100 yuan coupon could use four leading images. With the approval of the central government, the relief was created by situ Zhaoguang, a teacher of the Sculpture Department of the Central Academy of fine arts, and painted by Hou Yimin. As a result, there was the first banknote in RMB with the head of a leader as the main picture.

 

The Central Academy of fine arts and the birth of the oil painting masterpiece the founding ceremony

In 1952, the Chinese revolutionary museum decided to entrust the Central Academy of fine arts to organize and complete a giant oil painting, the founding ceremony. The Central Academy of fine arts has entrusted this arduous task to Dong Xiwen, a 37 year old young painter and well-known professor of the Central Academy of fine arts, who has been appointed several times to paint portraits of leaders and heroes and participated in the founding ceremony.

After receiving this task, Dong Xiwen first made an idea. He had consulted his peers or people in the art circles at that time, such as Xu Beihong, AI Zhongxin, Jiang Feng, Wu Zuoren, Luo Gongliu, and even his own students. Finally, he made the composition as follows: Mao Zedong stands in the middle of the picture, 1 / 3 of the picture on the left shows other leaders participating in the founding ceremony, and the people on the square on the right. Mao Zedong led the center of the whole picture, forming a "great reunion" composition with other leaders and the people in the square.

Dong Xiwen once pulled out a pillar in front of Tiananmen Gate and on Mao Zedong's right side, and specially consulted the architect Liang Sicheng for this. Liang Sicheng said: "there is a pillar on the right side of the picture that has not been painted. This is a big mistake in architecture, but a great success in painting art."

In April 1952, the founding ceremony was completed and passed the examination by the central leaders. This masterpiece of art suffered many calamities in the political movement, and was revised three times, to 1

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Yang Mei Shu Xue Yuan