Gaochun old street

More than 800 meters of streets, shoulder to shoulder dwellings and wooden doors and windows highlight the characteristics of Huizhou. Wooden door, no painting, keep the original color of logs. Liang Fang and diagonal wood carvings decorated on the facade are rough and smooth in style. Both sides of the street are laid with bluestone vertically, and the middle Rouge stone is arranged horizontally, which is neat and beautiful, and the tone is harmonious. In particular, the drainage cover is chiseled with bluestone, which is extremely characteristic. There are few shops on both sides of the street, such as tourist souvenirs in other ancient towns. They are all local specialties of Gaochun, with less impetuous business atmosphere.

Gaochun old street

Gaochun old street is located in Chunxi street, Gaochun District, Nanjing City, also known as Chunxi old street. It is the commercial center of Gaochun. It is the best preserved ancient architectural complex in Jiangsu Province and the most complete ancient street of Ming and Qing Dynasties in East China. It is known as "the second Confucius Temple in Jinling" and "the first ancient street in Jinling". Gaochun old street has a history of more than 900 years since it was officially established in the Song Dynasty.

The old street is 800 meters long and 4.5-5.5 meters wide from east to west. It is also called Yizi street because of its "one" shape. The buildings on both sides are of brick and wood structure, with two floors up and down. It has both Anhui style and distinctive local traditional style. In the architectural layout, it reflects the idea of accumulating wealth. The plane shape is a pocket shaped arc, which means to pocket wealth.

There are lots of Ming and Qing Dynasty buildings in Gaochun old street. These ancient buildings are lined up near the water, with pink walls, green tiles, cornices and corners. They are decorated with exquisite brick, wood and stone carvings and traditional calligraphy plaques. They are simple and elegant. They are praised as "the epitome of Oriental civilization" and "the art treasure house of ancient buildings" by Chinese and foreign scholars and tourists.

In 2012, Gaochun old street was selected as "famous street of Chinese history and culture" and "48 scenes of new Jinling". In February 2013, the national quality rating committee of scenic spots issued an announcement, approving Gaochun old street historical and cultural scenic spot as a national AAAA scenic spot.

In February 2020, all medical workers across the country will be given a free tour policy and a series of free and intimate services

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Historical evolution

Gaochun old street is a famous tourist attraction in Nanjing. It is located in the commercial center of Gaochun District, Nanjing city. It is the most complete ancient architectural complex of Ming and Qing Dynasties in Jiangsu Province. It is a provincial cultural protection unit. Because it is located in Chunxi Town, Gaochun District, it is also called Chunxi old street.

It has a history of more than 900 years since its establishment in the Song Dynasty. Gaochun old street was built in the Ming Dynasty. It is the main commercial street of Chunxi ancient town. After 500 years of continuous construction in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has formed a commercial street with a length of more than 800 meters (1135 meters at the beginning). Gaochun old street is not only convenient for waterway transportation, rich in folk culture, but also has pleasant scenery with small bridges and flowing water.

Gaochun old street is also called Yizi street because of its "one" shape. It is more than 800 meters long from east to west and 4.5-5.5 meters wide. Pink Rouge stone is laid horizontally in the middle and blue stone is used longitudinally on both sides. The whole street is bright, neat and beautiful. After 800 years of wind and rain, it is still strong and durable.

There are 314 shops in Gaochun old street, all of which are built in Ming and Qing Dynasties. They are of double-layer brick and wood structure, with two floors up and down, overhanging eaves, bucket arches, buttresses, walls, beams and windows. The style is simple and elegant, and most of them are built in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The style not only has Anhui style, but also has distinctive local traditional style.

Gaochun old street was originally named Zhengyi street. After the victory of the 1911 Revolution, it was renamed "Zhongshan Street" in memory of the great revolutionary pioneer Dr. Sun Yat Sen. After the Japanese occupied Gaochun, it was renamed "Heping Street". After the surrender of Japan, it was renamed "Zhongshan Street". During the "Cultural Revolution", it was renamed "Dongfanghong Street". In 1982, when the census of place names was carried out, it was renamed "Zhongshan Street".

In order to protect this historical and cultural heritage, in 1984, the people's Government of Gaochun District of Nanjing City announced the 345 meter long section of the old street as a cultural relic protection unit, and built a control zone from Dongmen bridge in the East, Tongxian road in the west, Guanxi road in the south, Xianfu road in the north and Jiangnan holy land. Through continuous renovation and transformation, the old street still retains its old style and elegant charm.

Cause of formation

Gaochun folk legend has it that there is a street in Gucheng Lake, called "Yizi Street". Since Yongfeng polder was built in Song Dynasty, dozens of Polders and dikes have been built in Gucheng Lake. From east to west, the Polders and dikes form a straight line along the river in the north. The polder people live on both sides. The water and land transportation is convenient, and there is an endless stream of business and travel. People use the gray stones mined by Huashan to pave a "one" shaped street. There are many shops and smoke around it. It was a famous market at that time. Since the Dongba was built in Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty, especially in Zhengde period, the Dongba was raised by three Zhang, so that the river and mountain torrents could not flow eastward. As a result, the water level of Gucheng Lake increased sharply, 60 polders sank into the lake, and "yizijie" was also buried in the mud at the bottom of the lake.

In ancient times, the land transportation was not convenient, but the water transportation was very developed, and the areas near the docks and ports were relatively prosperous. Gaochun was a famous "land of fish and rice" in history. Chunxi old street was close to Guanxi River, the busiest water transportation channel in Gaochun at that time. In Song Dynasty, the ships at Guanxi River docks were several miles long, which was as famous as Wuhu and Wuxi One of the best rice markets in the world.

Guanxi river connects Wuhu and anqing on the upper side and Suzhou and Hangzhou on the lower side. It is the closest and safest throat waterway from Suzhou and Hangzhou to Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. There are many goods from north and south, and merchants from East and West gather on the wharf, which makes it a place of frequent commercial activities. Because of the prosperity of the old street business, other industries providing services for commercial activities also developed rapidly. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the old street has gradually improved, and become a commercial market with the characteristics of Jiangnan Water Town, integrating commerce, catering and customs.

Main attractions

Gaochun old street scenic spot is mainly related to nine scenic spots, such as Wangmiao, Gaochun folk custom museum, Yangting, headquarters of the first detachment of the New Fourth Army, Gaochun folk custom performance Museum, the former site of the New Fourth Army Office in Gaochun, Qianlong ancient well, and the site of Jesuit Church. It mainly shows the ancient and simple ancient architectural art and rich folk culture.

More than 1600 exhibits displayed in the "Gaochun folk custom museum" show the production and life of Gaochun's agriculture, fishing, textile industry, sculpture, ceramics, stoneware, folk music, dance, local drama, and local folk customs from different aspects. They represent the colorful and unique folk customs of Gaochun people, and can be regarded as a symbol of Chinese folk culture In miniature.

Take Gaochun folk art activities as an example, such as dancing five rampant dances, big horse lanterns, playing water margin dances, rowing dry boats, playing Lianxiang dances, picking flower baskets, playing gongs and drums, and bengxian dances.

architectural composition

In the middle of the old Gaochun street, there are carmine colored granite arranged horizontally, and the two sides are paved longitudinally with cyan limestone. Warm and cold colors, arranged horizontally and vertically orderly, give people a strong sense of beauty. In addition to the unique features of the street, the old drainage pipes along the street are also very particular. The stone board of the sewer integrates the ancient idea of harmony between man and nature. The outer frame of the cover is square, and the middle is round, which represents the "round sky and place". The waist shaped handle in the middle follows the shape of the silver ingot of the Song Dynasty. In ancient times, when cleaning the sewer, the workers did not dirty it Passers-by, often will shout "see water make money", at this time, we know to avoid.

Gaochun old street house front business, upper accommodation, reception, later used as a warehouse or workshop. Most shops have three storefronts, several in depth, and two storefronts are connected by wing rooms. They form their own courtyard with a patio in the middle. The patio was designed for ventilation and lighting in ancient buildings, but it has its unique meaning in folk custom. In ancient times, people compared water to wealth, so there was a saying that water makes money. The rain from the sky is a gift from heaven. The ancients specially designed the patio When it rains, the rain flows down the eaves to the patio, implying "return water to the hall, fat water does not flow out.".

The building structure of Gaochun old street is a typical "one seal" type building in Jiangnan ancient buildings. The houses are two-story brick and wood structure, with single eaves hanging on the mountain, green brick, small tile, horse head wall, white wall, black roof. The walls on both sides stretch out of the outdoor, and are built with a dragon head with a waist drum. It is said that they are dedicated to eating fire demons. Roughly 5 to 15 houses are separated to leave about 2 meters of deep alleys, and the "land God building" is built above the alleys. It is said that this kind of land God building was invented by Wu Zixu, a great general of the state of Wu during the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. It is said that in order to destroy the state of Chu, the king of Wu ordered Wu Zixu to dig a river for transporting troops and grain. After Wu Zixu took the order, he chose to dig around and finally decided to dig in the north of Gucheng Lake. Unexpectedly, the project was not smooth. The river excavated the first day was restored to its original shape the next day, and the people who dug the river were very happy Wu Zixu was very angry, but he had no choice. One day, he dreamt that an immortal said to him, "if you want to open a river, you should respect the land first." it turned out that Wu Zixu was from the state of Chu, but now he wanted to help the state of Wu destroy his own country. The land was dissatisfied with his way of doing so, and he deliberately gave him a difficult problem. Wu Zixu got the immortal's advice, so he built and built a lot of buildings The earth Temple worships incense and prays for God. When the earth God comes to see him, he is sincere. Secondly, he feels that heaven's destiny is so, so he has to give up and stop making trouble for Wu Zixu. Later, the canal was finally opened, which is the world

Chinese PinYin : Gao Chun Lao Jie