Langrun Garden

Langrun Garden

Langrun garden is now located in the campus of Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, in the north of Minghe garden and Jingchun garden, and in the south of Wanquan River. Its predecessor in the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty was a garden given to Prince Yongli of Qing Dynasty, formerly known as "Chunhe garden". In the Xianfeng Period, it was given to Prince Gongqin Wang Yixin and renamed "Langrun garden". Langrunyuan is now used as the office of the National Development Institute of Peking University.

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essential information

Longrun garden is part of the campus of Peking University.

At the beginning, it was attached to Yuanmingyuan Garden, known as Chunhe garden. In the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Yongyu, the seventeen son of Qianlong, was granted the title of King QingWang, commonly known as QingWang garden. During the Xianfeng Period, Wang Yixin was granted to Gongqin and was named langrunyuan. In the 24th year of Guangxu (1898), Yi Xin died, and the garden was returned to the house of internal affairs. It was once the meeting place of the cabinet and the military aircraft department. During the reign of Xuantong, Empress Dowager Longyu granted Baile zaitao. It was purchased by Yanjing University in 1920 and merged with Peking University in 1952. It is basically intact today. The East Institute of langrunyuan is currently the seat of China Economic Research Center of Peking University.

Renovating Langrun Garden

From October 1995 to May 1997, China Economic Research Center raised funds to renovate and build longrun garden. In the process of repair, it has been concerned and supported by many people with insight. After the completion of the project, Peking University set up a monument to record the event. Hou Renzhi, the academic leader, and Professor Zhang Xin of the Department of archaeology jointly wrote the story of renovating longrun garden, which recalls the past history and describes the original restoration. In fact, it is a concise text to describe the history of longrun garden. The inscription was written on the stele by Professor Zhang Xin. The new stone tablet is now standing in front of zhifuxuan, the China Economic Research Center. Zhifuxuan was the living place of Prince Gong at that time, and the inscription "zhifuxuan" was written by Emperor Xianfeng. If you come here to visit Fuxuan and read the story of renovating longrun garden, you may have a clear idea of the history of longrun garden.

After completion, it will be used as the office space of China Economic Research Center. After that, I gradually felt that the land was insufficient. In 2001, with the financial support of Taiwan compatriots Mr. Wan Zhong, Wan Zhong Yuan was built to the east of the main building of Langrun garden, forming a relatively independent courtyard with Wan Zhong Lou as the center. The main style of the whole courtyard is to restore the ancient garden of Langrun garden. All the buildings are connected by corridors. The beautiful environment adds a beautiful scenery to the Yanyuan garden. The name of "wanzhongyuan" is to thank Mr. Wanzhong for his generous deeds, and to express the meaning of "unite as one, unite as one". Afterwards, Lin Yifu, the famous economist and director of China Economic Research Center, happily wrote an article named "wanzhongyuan Ji" to record it. And the full text is engraved on the stele, standing in front of the building.

historical origin

Langrun garden was originally known as Chunhe garden, which was granted by Yongyu during the period of Jiaqing (1796-1820) in Qing Dynasty. Yongli is the 17th son of Emperor Qianlong. In 1820, he was granted the title of Prince Qing (the year when he granted the garden), so Chunhe garden is also known as QingWang garden. At the end of Daoguang (1821-1850), Chunhe garden was granted to Yixin (Prince Gong) and was renamed Langrun garden. Now there is a Square Pavilion in front of langrunyuan service station. The plaque says "Hanbi", which is also written by Yi Xin. According to the book, Yi Xin is the sixth son of Emperor Daoguang and the sixth elder brother of Yi Chen (Prince Chun). In jiusitang poem manuscript, there is a poem entitled "the picture of sixth elder brother langrunyuan" (Volume 2, page 8, top-down), which refers to here.

In 1898, Yi Xin died, and Langrun garden was taken back to the internal affairs government. At this time, Nala's (Cixi) power was very hot. He stayed in the newly renovated Summer Palace and listened to the government from behind the curtain. Since Langrun garden is not far away, it has been used as a place for the military aircraft Office of the cabinet and the Council of ministers. It meets here every three, six and nine days. Therefore, the place of langrunyuan has something to do with the government in the last ten years of Guangxu. Shichao Shicheng records that Bingzi of Guangxu (32nd year, 1906) issued an imperial edict to the court of langrunyuan (Vol. Yu Qichang's "a brief account of the changes of the old capital" says:

"Guangxu Bingzi In August, the Ministry of patrol was changed to civil affairs, the Ministry of household to Duzhi, the Ministry of war to army, the Ministry of punishment to law, the Ministry of industry and commerce to agriculture and industry, the Li Fan yuan to the Ministry, and the Dali temple to the courtyard, which was also decided by langrunyuan. " (appendix, page 11)

Changes in modern times

In the early years of the Republic of China, Xu Shichang demolished the Minghe garden in the name of renting, which aroused the vigilance of the small imperial court in the Forbidden City. He was afraid that all the gardens nearby would suffer the same misfortune again, so he awarded Langrun garden to zaitao, the seventh son of Yi Chen (Yi's successor) as private property. Zai Tao was the last owner of longrun garden before it was merged into the campus.

This is the history of longrun garden that can be traced back to now.

As a part of the campus, Langrun garden has changed a lot in architecture compared with the old Langrun garden. Since the construction of the high-rise buildings (the eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth apartments and the North guest house) in the lakeside area within the Northeast boundary, many old buildings have been preserved in the ancient garden. Of course, the so-called "old buildings" here were built in succession in the late Qing Dynasty. At that time, there were two East and West gates in Langrun garden. The east gate was inclined to the west entrance of Chengfu street. The west gate was in the northwest corner of the garden. There was a Shiping bridge across the river outside. Crossing the bridge to the West was the main road leading to Weixiu Garden. It was through this west gate that the ministers who played to Nala family in the summer palace in the last years of Guangxu came to Langrun garden for meetings. Now these two doors have been rebuilt. The original stone corridor in the east gate has been assigned to the material yard. The shiping bridge outside the west gate has also been removed, and even the traces have disappeared.

Relevant records

The old buildings in longrun garden can still confirm each other with some houses in the garden. The excerpts are as follows:

"To the west of Beitou road of Chengfu, cross the shiping bridge (now demolished), namely the east gate of Langrun garden. When you enter the east gate, you can see it from the West and the north. There are three courtyards in the palace gate (now No. 152 residence) and two stone lions in the front row (now No. 152 residence). Into the main gate, around the mountain westbound, the road is flat, pine and cypress shade. Beidu Shiping bridge (still today) has a magnificent palace, which is divided into three parts: Central, East and West. Sanying (now No. 165 Langjing District Service Station) at the gate of Zhongsuo palace is called "Hutian Xiaojing" (removed in recent years). Left and right cloud stone mound rockery (now incomplete). The three buildings all face south and are surrounded by rivers. In front of it, to the East, there is a square pavilion with four corners, a "Hanbi Pavilion" (still in use today). On the south bank, there are three houses (154 houses in the North), and on the northwest side, there are three houses (157 houses in the North). Facing north, you can enjoy the lotus and fish by opening the back window. The main hall, on the bottom three floors, has a complete set of halls with the East and the West. There are dozens of corridors between the two mountains (now divided into 166, 167 and 168 houses, some of which are still in use). In front of xisuo (now No. 162 red flag nursery), there are white walls with ten brocade false windows. The front and back banks are densely lined with Chuiyang Outside the back wall of the palace, there are thousands of bamboo poles. Outside the north wall of xisuo, there is a three volume hall with three rooms (now No. 159 residence). On the North Bank of the river, there are three platform houses (now 164 houses). There are earth mountains in the north wall of the garden, and there is a long river outside the wall. "

The above records are only for reference of interested readers.

Postscript

At the time of the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Nala family listened to the government behind the curtain, made false constitutionalism, and proposed to change the official system in langrunyuan. There was evidence to prove that those who went against the historical trend and tried to steal names and deceive the world would be defeated. Therefore, the gardens in this area also have certain historical significance. Some relics should not be allowed to disappear. Secondly, the buildings with design features in the garden should also be maintained and used reasonably. Even some scenic sketches, such as a pavilion, a tree, a mountain and a stone, can beautify the environment as long as they are properly arranged and do not hinder development. They should not be allowed to collapse or be removed at will. It's a pity that small and exquisite people such as Hanbi Pavilion no longer exist. After more than 20 years of changes, I'm afraid most of the residences listed in the original reference to the old records in this paper have changed. What is written here is not only called "historical stories", but also not verified one by one according to the current situation.

In a word, although our school is an old garden intensive place, the actual land area is limited, but the objective requirements are increasing. Therefore, on the premise of protecting the historical relics and inheriting the fine tradition of gardening art, how to develop in the use is a very important topic, which is worthy of serious study.

(from the history of Yanyuan, written by Hou Renzhi, Peking University Press, first edition, November 1988)

Address: 75 Jingchun garden, Peking University, Jingchun Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China

Longitude: 116.309335846

Latitude: 39.997961774533

Chinese PinYin : Lang Run Yuan