mulinghe

Muling River, the largest tributary on the left bank of Wusuli River, is located in the east of Heilongjiang Province. It originated in mulingwojiling, east slope of Laoyeling mountain range, Muling City, Heilongjiang Province. It was called Maolian River and Muling River in Liao and Jin Dynasties, Moli River in Yuan Dynasty, mailan River in Ming Dynasty, Mulun River and Muling River in early Qing Dynasty, and Muling River in late Qing Dynasty. It flows through Muling City, Jixi City, Jidong County, Mishan county and Hulin City to the Hubei gate of Hulin county. The river course is divided into two routes. One of them flows into Xingkai Lake along muxing waterway (flood diversion channel); the other flows eastward along the original channel of Muling River, and flows into Wusuli River at birch forest 18 km south of Hutou. The length of the river is 834 km (635 km), and the drainage area is 18427 square km.

mulinghe

Muling River, the largest tributary on the left bank of Wusuli River, is located in the east of Heilongjiang Province. It originated in mulingwojiling, east slope of Laoyeling mountain range, Muling City, Heilongjiang Province. It was called Maolian River and Muling River in Liao and Jin Dynasties, Moli River in Yuan Dynasty, mailan River in Ming Dynasty, Mulun River and Muling River in early Qing Dynasty, and Muling River in late Qing Dynasty. It flows through Muling City, Jixi City, Jidong County, Mishan county and Hulin City to the Hubei gate of Hulin county. The river course is divided into two routes. One of them flows into Xingkai Lake along muxing waterway (flood diversion channel); the other flows eastward along the original channel of Muling River, and flows into Wusuli River at birch forest 18 km south of Hutou. The length of the river is 834 km (635 km)

）The drainage area is 18427 square kilometers.

General situation of main stream

Muling River, with its native name of "qiniu River", was called "Maolian River" (history of Northeast Development) and "Muling River" (Tongzhi of Jilin Province) in Jin Dynasty, "Moli River" in Yuan Dynasty, "mailan River" in Ming Dynasty, "Mulun River" and "Muling River" in early Qing Dynasty (volume of vice capital of ningguta in 1881), and was renamed Muling River in late Qing Dynasty. Maolian, Muling, Moli, mailan, Mulun and Muleng are all in Nuzhen (Manchu) language, which has been transferred to Muling River in history. "Muling" means "Ma" or "Mu Ma" in Manchu. Muling River Basin is an ancient horse ranch of Bohai State, so it gets its name.

Muling River originates from Muling woji mountain on the east slope of Laoyeling mountain. Laoyeling mountain was originally a great primeval forest, and the river originates from the great forest. Therefore, the literature records that Muling River originates from woji mountain. The exact location of the source is at the north slope of wojiling, 773m above sea level, 43 ° 54 ′ 25 ″ n, 130 ° 00 ′ 41 ″ e, 225km southwest of Gonghe township.

The upstream of Muling River flows through high mountains, the downstream flows through vast plain, flows from southwest to northeast, flows through Muling, Jixi, Jidong, Mishan and Hulin, and flows into Wusuli River in the south of Hutou town.

In Muling City, the upper reach of Muling River is 223.5km long, which runs through the middle of the county from south to north, accounting for 95% of the county's runoff area. The river water flows 515m from the source to Bamiantong of the county. The upstream slope is steep and the average gradient is 1 / 400. After entering Bamiantong plain, the flow becomes gentle and the gradient is about 1 / 800.

The Muling River is called the main channel below the source, flows southeast from the source, turns northward at dam 16, and is called the Muling River after the Toudaogou. Tuanjie reservoir is built on Muling River to the south of Gonghe township. After impoundment, the reservoir inundates three river beds of Longzhao River, Shuangning River and Muling River, forming a lake surface of 4.2 square kilometers. Tuanjie reservoir has a 280 meter long and 35 meter high dam to intercept the Muling River. The water conveyance channel controls the flow of the river and a spillway is built to ensure the safety of the dam. The river water is discharged from the water conveyance channel and flows northward along the foot of Liufeng mountain into Gonghe basin.

Gonghe basin is a mountainous plain formed by flowing water. It is 10 km long from north to South and 5 km wide from east to west, covering an area of 4.2 square kilometers. It is a rare open area in Laoyeling mountain area. There are dongjianchanggou River in the east of the basin, Jinchanggou River and Niupeng River in the South and north of the basin in the West.

Muling River flows northward from Gonghe basin along the Western Piedmont into niuxin mountain. Niuxin river flows in on the left side, and the river valley narrows gradually to the north. After shiziqiao, the river valley is narrower, and the river course is tortuous with cliffs on both sides. On the right side of the northbound Route, there are two major tributaries, huangcaogou River and laosonggou River, converging and turning westward into quanyanhe basin. Muling River has three small rivers in the north of Quanyan River Basin and Quanyan River in the south. The riverbed of Muling River is 20 meters wide. There is a canyon in the basin, which is an ideal dam site for reservoir. Mu River, Muling River, Yan River Basin, meandering to the northwest, enters the Sancha plain through yaolingzi and fengziwo. Sancha plain is the earliest developed area in Muling City. DASHITOU river is the largest tributary of Muling River in our county. Therefore, the flow of Muling River is increased, and the riverbed is widened to about 50 meters, and the water depth is up to 1 meter.

Muling River turns from Sancha to northeast and flows into Muling town. There is beilinzi River on the left. The valley near Muling town is narrower than Sancha. Binsui railway passes along the valley and HaSui highway also passes through it. There are railways and highway bridges on the river, so the geographical location is very dangerous. A hydrological observation station is set up in Muling town to monitor the changes of water level, flow, velocity, sediment concentration and water quality in the upper reaches of Muling River. Muling Forestry Bureau is located here. Before the 1960s, a dam was built in Hebei village, a water transportation station for timber exile and a timber storage yard for timber out of the river were set up. Timber exile has been abolished and replaced by automobile transportation. After the catastrophic flood in 1965, the river course was changed from near the railway station to dongshangen, and a 3 km long flood control embankment was built on both sides of the river.

When Muling River comes out of Muling Town, the valley suddenly widens and flows to Xingyuan town in the northeast. There are Tanyaogou River and hongyanha River on the right and Liumao River on the left. On both sides of the 2 km wide river valley are Datun, xiweizi and other villages which were developed earlier. The Liangtai mountain on the North Bank of the river rises in the plain with beautiful scenery. There are paddy fields and canals on both sides of the river, and 2 km long flood control levees are built on the south, East and north sides of Xingyuan town.

Muling River flows 18 kilometers northeast from Xingyuan town to Xiachengzi town. The wide valley is filled with qiapunggou River and kouhegou River on the left bank and yulaiha River and hongqiaowozi River on the right bank. Along the river are Kangji, Xinfeng, Dongxing, Nanzhan and other villages. To the east of Kangji village, there is Kangji River, on which Kangji reservoir is built. Binsui railway extends from Muling to Xiachengzi along Muling Valley, and then turns eastward along Maqiao river. The Chengji railway extends from Xiachengzi to Hulin along the Muling River Valley. The subgrade of Chengji railway naturally forms the flood control embankment of Xiachengzi town. Only 1.5km flood control embankment is built to the east of Baoan village.

The Muling River flows northward from Xiachengzi town. In the north of the town, there are Majiao River tributaries, taipingchuan River, xuanyanglazi River, big and small jackal zigou and big and small Heixiazi ditch in the northwest. In the East, there are gangzigou, Xinmin Donggou, renligou and Lishugou rivers. This section of the river passes through Xinmin railway bridge in the west of Xinmin village, and there is a two kilometer long bend in the river to the north of sandaohezi North through the 25 km railway bridge, Muling River into Bamiantong plain. From Xinmin to the west side of sandaohezi, Muling River has nine large long and narrow shuipaozi from north to south, which was originally an old river course, but later formed by river diversion and siltation.

Bamiantong plain is the largest plain in the county, which is formed by the alluvial of river water. From the 25 km bridge to Fulai village, it is 15 km long from north to South; from Zhongshan village to Leifeng village, it is 6.5 km wide from east to west, with a plain area of more than 50 square kilometers. Muling River is in the plain. The river course is circuitous and curved, the riverbed is wide, and there are many distributary channels and river sandwiches (islands). There are large and small bubbles and irrigation canals on both banks. There are 16 larger bubbles, which are mostly formed by the deposition of the old river. There are three Oxbow ponds in the west of Sihe village, which are the remains of the old river. There is a dam to the south of Xiangyang Village, which is the head of Hexi irrigation area; there is a desilting sluice 25 km below the bridge, which is the head of Bamiantong irrigation area. The two irrigation areas irrigate more than 10000 mu of paddy fields respectively. There are leifengqi River and baicaogou River on the left and Qinghe River and Liangzi River on the right. The width of the river bed is nearly 100 meters and the water depth is up to 2 meters.

Bamiantong county is located on the right bank of Muling River. In the plain, there are more than 300 or 400 villages, such as Siping, Zhongshan, riverside, Sihe, Xiangyang, Puxing, Leifeng, Qijing, Chaoyang and Fulai. There are paddy fields on both sides of the river, which is the largest rice producing area in the county. In 1976, 14 km long flood control levees were built on both sides of Muling River.

The mouth of Muling River flows northward, and the valley becomes narrower obviously. It is 14km long to Xiaolian River (also known as lianhuapao), and there is no large tributary flowing in. There are luzigou, yangmazi ditch and Lianhe ditch on both sides of the river, Houying ditch and Xiuchi ditch on the east bank. There are three big water bubbles to the north of the station, among which there is a round pond to the north of Xiuchi, close to the steep cliffs, where the mountains are strange, the water is beautiful, and the scenery is beautiful. It is a wild area opened up in recent two years.

From Muling River to Xiaolian River, the river bed dropped to 238.5 meters above sea level, with an average flow of 3.46 cubic meters per second. From then on, it flowed out of the county and entered Lishu District of Jixi City.

In Lishu District of Jixi City, Muling River enters from banlazi of the district and meanders through the whole territory from southwest to northeast. The width of the river is between 60-100 meters, with the minimum flow of 0.2 m3 / s and the maximum flow of 4360 m3 / s.

In Chengzihe District of Jixi City, Muling River flows from northwest to Southeast

Chinese PinYin : Mu Leng He