Site of Nanyue Palace

In 1995 and 1997, at the intersection of Beijing Road and Zhongshan Fourth Road in Guangzhou, the site of Nanyue royal palace built by Zhao Tuo two thousand years ago was discovered. The large stone structure pool and meandering stone canal in the Royal Garden of Nanyue Royal Palace are amazing for their unique design, exquisite construction and grand scale.

Site of Nanyue Palace

The Nanyue Palace site is located at 316 Zhongshan 4th Road, Yushan community, Beijing street, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou city. There are relics from the Qin Dynasty to the Republic of China buried in the Palace site, which shows that Guangzhou is not only the location of the Royal Palace of Nanyue and the Southern Han Dynasty, but also the location of the official yamen of counties, counties, prefectures and prefectures. It is a historical witness of the urban development of Guangzhou for more than 2200 years.

In 203 BC, Zhao Tuo was separated from Lingnan by Qin Dynasty, and Nanyue state was established. The Royal Palace was built in Panyu (now Guangzhou), the capital of the state. There are not only Nanyue palaces but also relics of 12 dynasties from Qin, Han, Jin, Southern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Southern Han, song, yuan, Ming, Qing to the Republic of China.

The relics of Nanyue state Palace are overlapped one after another, forming a wordless historical book recording the development of Guangzhou for more than 2000 years. In the infrastructure project, the large underground stone pool and the king's palace of Nanyue in the period of Nanyue state were found respectively, which are considered as the breakthrough discoveries in Lingnan archaeology. In 2000, the Nanyue Palace site was found in Guangzhou Children's Park.

In 1996, the Palace site of Nanyue state, together with the shipbuilding site of the Qin Dynasty, the wooden sluice site of Nanyue state, and the tomb of King Wen of Nanyue state, were announced by the State Council as national key cultural relics protection units.

In November 2012, the site of Nanyue state palace was listed as one of the world heritage sites declared by China Maritime Silk Road. In 2015, the preparation work for declaration of world heritage was completed, and it was officially submitted to the world heritage Conference for deliberation in 2016.

Tourist guide

Minors, senior citizens with preferential treatment certificates and other groups enjoying free visit treatment are entitled to free appointment visit.

Opening hours: Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday afternoon, all day on Saturday; closed on Sunday and Monday.

The open lecture is divided into two sessions every afternoon: the first session: 14:30-16:00. The second scene: 15:30-17:00; the first scene: 9:00-10:30 on Saturday morning, the second scene: 10:00-11:30; the first scene: 14:30-15:30 in the afternoon, the second scene: 15:30-17:00.

Traffic information: take bus No.7, 102, 107, 108, 191, 243, 264, 517, 833 to Caiting station.

Historical evolution

In 1975 and 1988, a large brick and stone walkway with a length of more than 20 meters and a width of 2.55 and a brick paved sloping wall floor of the South Vietnam National Palace office were cleared respectively on the filling layer of qinzao shipway and in the basement project of Xindaxin company.

In 1996, in the west of dashichi in Gongyuan, 50 meters apart, a special well of water brick in Wanggong was found. The discovery of this site provides an important basis for exploring the layout of Nanyue King's palace.

From 1995 to 1997, at the intersection of Beijing Road and Zhongshan Fourth Road in Guangzhou, the site of Nanyue palace founded by Zhao Tuo two thousand years ago was discovered. The site of Nanyue royal palace is known to cover an area of 150000 square meters, and its cultural layer is 5-6 meters thick.

The Nanyue Palace Museum will be completed in three phases. According to Han Weilong, deputy director of the preparation office of Nanyue Palace Museum, the first phase of the project invested 500-800 million yuan, basically taking the current excavation area as the site to build a museum on it. The museum is positioned as a large Heritage Park Museum.

Trial excavation stage

In July 1995, the Guangzhou Telecom Bureau, located on the west side of Town God's Temple Road, four road, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, plans to build an integrated building in the compound. Before the start of the project, the cultural relics department opened a probe in the southwest corner of the construction site for trial excavation.

It's only 20 meters away from the place where the brick and stone walkway of the South Yue palace was found in 1975. It's hard to understand why such a large South Yue palace would disappear a few steps away.

As the results of the trial excavation are in front of us, the on-site construction continues. The construction site is full of vertical and horizontal grid like pile holes, and each pile hole has to be excavated to the bedrock. A cultural relic expert always believed that there must be "treasure" underground, so he stayed at the construction site to observe. With the continuous digging of the pile hole, there are many pieces of pottery in the excavated soil. Suddenly one day, four tiles with "long live" characters were dug out in one pile hole. This scene shocked the expert who had been "chasing" for many years. Based on his years of working experience, he believed that there must be important relics of the South Vietnam period buried below. After many negotiations with the construction unit, the construction site was suspended, and the archaeological work began again.

Important relics

From August 1 to November, the excavation of the mugou sluice site covers an area of 450 square meters, and the southwest corner of a large stone pool is cleared at a depth of about 4.5 meters from the surface. The pool is in the shape of an inverted bucket, and the wall of the pool is paved with grayish white sandstone slabs in the form of close joints and ice cracks. The bottom of the pool is level and paved with gravel. In the northeast corner of the excavated excavation, there is also a large stone column toppling to the southwest. Because it is too close to a five storey building, it is impossible to expand the excavation. There are also a large number of building materials and components such as octagonal pillars, stone railings, stone lintels, "long live" tiles, slab tiles and tube tiles scattered in the pool. It can be seen that there was a group of buildings in the pool. After drilling, it was found that the pool covers an area of about 4000 square meters. At present, only a corner of about 400 square meters in the southwest of the pool is exposed.

In 1997, after all the houses in the former Municipal Cultural Bureau compound on Zhongshan 4th road were demolished, a site of 6000 square meters was opened up, where the "Xinde Cultural Plaza" building was planned to be built. Due to the discovery of a large stone pool in Nanyue palace in the north of the site, this excavation has also attracted great attention from all walks of life. On August 2, in the southeast of the excavation area, a section of footstone built with sandstone stones was first exposed in an arc direction, and then excavated down. On the north side of the footstone, a layer of dense river pebbles was also exposed, with black and bright lime pebbles. Under the pebbles, there was also a stone slab floor. This phenomenon is very similar to the stone pool found in 1995, but it is also different. This phenomenon makes all comrades on the scene feel sad It's very strange. Is this another stone pool? Or are there other relics?

On August 4, a similar arc-shaped cornerstone appeared on the other side. Later, similar remains were found in other exploration sites. After the excavation, all the remains were exposed. It turned out that it was a 150 meter long meandering stone canal.

After the discovery of the Nanyue Palace site, Zhang Wenbin, former director of the State Administration of cultural relics, said excitedly that if the Nanyue palace could be found again, the Nanyue ruins would be able to apply for world cultural heritage.

Yue period

In 2000, between Xihu road and HuiFu Road, the Guangzhou Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology discovered a well preserved wooden Shuiguan site of paishui and Jishui in the period of Nanyue state. The rammed earth wall foundation of Shuiguan is about 8 meters wide. The discovery of it can make it clear that the capital of South Yue was built with walls. Last year, the rammed earth wall of the Nanyue palace was found in the north of the site of the Nanyue palace. It was rammed with pure red loess in an east-west direction. The foundation pit is about 4 meters wide, and the remains are as high as more than 1 meter. A section of more than 40 meters has been cleared in the east-west direction. In the south of the wall, there are also scattered water paved with pebbles. The discovery of these relics proves that the Nanyue Kingdom, like Chang'an city of Han Dynasty, also built a royal city in the capital to safeguard the safety of the royal palace.

Among the water wells in the site, three water brick wells of Nanyue palace have been found in the excavated site of Nanyue palace. The deepest of these wells is 14 meters, and the shallowest is 8 meters deep. They are all made of specially fired arc-shaped bricks. The bottom of the wells is paved with bricks and stones, which is very fine. Among them, the Yuewang well, which was found in 1996 on the east side of No.1 palace of Nanyue state, is the most exquisite. In this well, a 3-meter-wide and 9-meter-deep pit is excavated first, and then a 1.1-meter-wide well circle is built with arc fan-shaped bricks. The outside of the well circle is rammed with pure hill soil to prevent the underground sewage from seeping into the well.

The bottom of the well is paved with five large stone slabs. A round hole is chiseled in the center of a square stone slab in the middle, and a semicircular hole is chiseled in each of the four arc-shaped stone slabs around. The well water is slowly seeping up from the bottom of the well by these five small holes. There is also a layer of fine sand about 8 cm thick under the stone slab at the bottom of the well to filter the well water. This unique water filtering structure is rare. It can be imagined that the king's Palace on that day had very strict requirements on the hygiene of edible water.

architectural style

In ancient China, there were wooden buildings, or brick and wood buildings, and here, just like the stone buildings of ancient Rome, is unique among the sites of Qin and Han Dynasties in China. Of course, there will be wooden buildings on the ground, but they were set on fire when the Western Han Dynasty destroyed Nanyue. The quququ Bay stream, which is a typical oriental garden, is different in that it borrows scenery from other scenery and integrates the natural landscape into the courtyard

Chinese PinYin : Nan Yue Guo Gong Shu Yi Zhi