Wang Xizhi's tomb

Pubushan is the place where Wang Xizhi lived in seclusion in his later years and is the "27th cave" of Taoism. Pei Tong, a writer of the Tang Dynasty, said that "the mountains and waters in Yuezhong are most beautiful, Shan is the most beautiful; the mountains and waters in Shanzhong are most beautiful, and the Jinting cave is the most beautiful." The cemetery is surrounded by mountains, with thousands of rocks competing with each other.

The tomb was rebuilt in 1985 with a round top. The stone built hall around the tomb is spacious and tidy, with a passage, a tombstone and a pavilion. On the right side of the tomb is the "Tomb of the right army of the king of Jin" in Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty, and on the other side is the "Tomb exhibition in pubushan" by Shang Gao of Sui Dynasty.

In August 1997, it was listed as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit.

Wang Xizhi's tomb

Wang Xizhi's tomb is located in pubushan, Jinting Town, east of Shengzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 32 kilometers away from the city. The scenic spot is now a key cultural relic protection unit of the city. According to historical records, Wang Xizhi died here. The nearby scenic spots include Shusheng hall, Jinting temple, Wang Xizhi's former residence, etc. Wang Xizhi (303-361), a native of Langya (Linyi, Shandong), moved to Shaoxing. He served as secretary Ying, general Ningyuan, governor of Jiangzhou, and internal history of Kuaiji. He was known as "Wang Youjun" in history.

General situation

In the east of Shengzhou City, at the south foot of the Shanxi Province of the Siming Dynasty, there is a famous historic site, the tomb of Wang Xizhi. Surrounded by green mountains and graceful green flow, the ancients called this "the shape of the strong cave is superior to that of the blessed land." Wang Xizhi's tomb is on the beautiful waterfall mountain. There are ancient cypresses blocking the sun, waterfalls hanging pool, green mountains surrounding, Bixi winding, beautiful food.

There is a small village called Houchang at the foot of waterfall mountain. It was originally for the people who looked after Wang Xizhi's cemetery. Next to the village is a simple stone square with the six characters "Tomb road of Wang Youjun" engraved on the banner. The calligrapher moved from Shandong to Shaoxing with his family and became an official in Kuaiji. He led the "right general" and was known as "Wang Youjun". Later, because of the discord with General Wang Shuqi, he resigned and moved to Jinting. Shifang was erected by Wang's descendants in the 29th year of Daoguang. Through the stone square, is a vaguely recognizable cobble paved tomb road. Following the ancient tomb Road northbound, on the left are several residents, and on the right is a mountain stream which is down the slope, splashing white water day and night. Villagers say that on rainy days, you can still see Longtan waterfall on the hillside. The waterfall rumbles down from Longtan, like a curtain, which is a great landscape of Jinting. It is this wonderful landscape that makes Wang Xizhi, who has toured the mountains and waters of Yuezhong, fall in love with Jinting as a place of health preservation in his later years.

After the Baishi bridge, there is a broad tomb path paved with newly built bluestones. On both sides of the tomb path are green tapai, guarding the tomb of Wang Xizhi deep in the path. Over dozens of stone ladders, on a platform paved with bluestones, you can see the tomb of the right army. The tomb is built into a circle with bluestone slabs, and the grass on the top of the tomb is swaying. In front of the tomb is a square stone pavilion with a single eaves and a corner. In the pavilion stands a blue tombstone. On the front is the tomb of Wang Youjun, and on the back is "on March 25th, the 10th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, Jidan, Zhejiang Province and other places announced that the minister's right counsellor Wu Koukou was reestablished.". According to historical records, Wang Xizhi is a man of integrity, who has the attitude of using the world. His most outstanding achievement lies in his calligraphy, and later generations respect him as a "calligrapher".

On the other side of waterfall mountain, there is a Wulao peak, which is called biguafeng by local people. It is said that every time Wang Xizhi writes, the fox spirit on houting mountain turns into a beautiful girl. She lays paper and studies ink for the "sage of calligraphy". She also turns her tail into a brush brush, so that the "sage of calligraphy" can brush ink and make magic pen. After the "sage of calligraphy" finishes painting and calligraphy, she hangs the pen on Wulaofeng, and Wulaofeng becomes the mountain of pen hanging. This legend is the deification of the "sage of books". In fact, in order to write well, Wang Xizhi practiced day and night, washing inkstones and pens, and dyed Biqing's lotus pond black, turning it into an "ink pond". It is precisely because of his hard work day and night, strong writing, and ability to read through the paper. Once, Wang Xizhi went to see a friend. When he saw that his friend was not at home, he left a few words. The ink infiltrated into the tea table under the paper, and his friend's father could not erase it. Thus came the idiom "three points into the wood". These legends of diligent learning and hard training are scattered among the people like pearls, and have become a good talk for people to educate their descendants. Indeed, what the "sage of books" left behind is more than "floating like clouds, feisty like startling dragons"!

There are dozens of cherry blossoms planted in the broad spaces on both sides of the tomb path, which were brought from Japan by Japanese friends Yongbao QiuGuang and Miyazawa minko. They admired Wang's calligraphy, which was refined and studied in the United States and Liubian. They traveled thousands of miles to Jinting to pay a visit to Wang Xizhi's tomb. Calligraphy drew the hearts of people of different nationalities closer.

There are several thousand year old cypresses in lishifang, which block out the sky and the sun. According to historical records, there have been Jinting temple, Youjun temple, mozhao temple and ECHI in this area. Although they have been repaired many times, with the passage of time, many of these monuments are left with only mottled relics for people to look for. Only the beautiful scenery of "heaven and earth in the cave" always accompanies the immortal soul of the scholar.

The mystery of tomb site

Wang Xizhi was born in Linyi, Shandong Province. During the reign of Yongjia (307-312), the Ju nationality went to the south, then settled in Kuaiji, Yuezhou, and died in Kuaiji. There are several records about the location of his cemetery

One is at the foot of Lanzhu mountain. According to he Yanzhi's Orchid Pavilion in the Tang Dynasty, "from the tombs of the right army and the tombs below the uncle of the right army, they are placed at the foot of Lanzhu mountain, 30 Li southwest of Shanyin county." He Yanzhi's argument is based on what xuansu, a disciple of talent identification, said personally. Since xuansu was ninety-two years old when he recalled it to he Yanzhi, I don't know if it would be wrong.

Second, in Zhuji Zhuluo mountain. According to Kuaiji annals written by Jiatai of Southern Song Dynasty, "Wang Xizhi's tomb is in Zhuji County, Zhuluo mountain. Kong Yeyun said: "the tombstone is Sun Xing's official document, and the prince's letter." And the monument is dead. " Wang Zijing is Wang Xianzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi. However, according to the book "Shishuoxinyu · Shangyu", Yu Gong said, "yishaoguoju." Therefore, Yu Ni wrote in the inscription: "the best imperial examination." Yu Ni, Yu Qian, is Yu Bing's fifth son. Therefore, it may be wrong to say that sun Chuo (Xinggong) is an inscription according to Shishuoxinyu.

Third, near Yunmen temple. According to Zhang Yanyuan's Fashu yaolu in the Tang Dynasty, when Wang Xizhi's seventh generation sun Zhiyong and Huixin "brothers first left, they lived in Jiaxiang temple in Kuaiji, which was also the old house of the right army. After that, he paid homage to the Tomb every year, because he moved the temple. " "This temple" is Yunmen temple. According to this, because the ancestral tomb is near Yunmen temple, Zhiyong and Huixin transferred from Jiaxiang temple to Yunmen temple in order to worship the tomb nearby. But the "Tomb" here is not necessarily the tomb of Wang Xizhi, but also the tomb of their parents.

Fourth, in Jinting, Shengzhou. The genealogy of Wang family in Jinting contains the relevant records of biographies of Shengzhi, in which Wang Xizhi died in his 59th year. He was buried in Jinting temple, which is his former residence. There is a library and ink pool, and the tomb is also in Yan. During the great cause of the Sui Dynasty, it is the ambition of Shang Gao. " "Genealogy" is attached to "Tomb exhibition in Jinting waterfall mountain" by Sui shanshang Gao, who signed the name of "Shanggao in Yongxin Temple of Wu Xing". Daye, Xinwei and Dingchou. There are two mistakes: 1. Yongxin temple was in Kuaiji in Sui Dynasty, and Wuxing Yongxin temple was built after Tang Dynasty. 2. There is no Dingchou day in March of the year of Daye and Xinwei, but only in February and April. Now, there is a tomb of Wang Xizhi in Jinting, which was rebuilt in the 15th year of Hongzhi reign of Ming Dynasty. The brick of the tomb of Liang Datong period was unearthed here.

Judging from the existing relics, only the Jinting site in Shengzhou is available for later generations to visit and commemorate. The other three sites have no location marks, but they are not entirely groundless. It is very likely that there are some tombs of clothes and crowns, or the original tombs have been relocated several times.

Personage introduction

Wang Xizhi (303-361), a native of Langya (now Linyi, Shandong Province), moved from Shandong to Shaoxing with his family in the early Eastern Jin Dynasty when the northern scholars moved to the South on a large scale. He served as the Secretary of Shaoxing, the general of Ningyuan, the governor of Jiangzhou, and then the internal history of Kuaiji. He was called "Wang Youjun" in history. Later, because of a disagreement with General Wang Shu, he resigned because of illness and moved to Jinting village, Shengxian county (now Shengzhou City). There are ancient cypresses blocking the sun, waterfalls hanging in the pool, surrounded by green mountains, Bixi winding, beautiful and delicious. In his later years, he lived in Jinting village and was buried here until his death. At present, jintingguan, a family temple built by Wang's heirs in the Qing Dynasty, has a simple stone square on the right side of the temple, with the six characters "Tomb road of Wang Youjun" engraved on the banner. Through the stone square up the valley, is a vaguely recognizable cobble paved tomb road. At the end is Wang Xizhi's tomb.

Wang Xizhi's tomb itself is not big, and its style is similar to xie'an's tomb. It is also a mound of earth surrounded by bluestones, similar to Yuefei's tomb in Hangzhou. There is a large stele in front of the tomb, engraved with the full text of Lanting preface. The stele is weathered and mottled, and the handwriting in many places is diffuse, which can only be vaguely identified. However, the scale of the cemetery is quite large, which is surprising. Wang family is also a big family. His nephew and descendants have many celebrities. His son Xianzhi is also a great calligrapher of the generation and his father

In the history of Chinese calligraphy, Qin is also known as the "two kings".

Address: pubushan, Jinting Town, Shengzhou City, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 121.067337

Latitude: 29.548484

Tel: 0575-86235256

Transportation information: public transportation: the bus from Hangzhou east station to Shengzhou runs every 30 minutes from 6:50 a.m. to 18:20 p.m., and then takes the bus to Shengzhou east station. There is a express bus to Shengzhou east station, every 20 minutes.

Self driving: take the third line expressway, then take the national highway 104 of Shengzhou, and then take Huatang direction, about 40 minutes to get there.

Chinese PinYin : Wang Xi Zhi Mu