Former residence of Kong Xiangxi

Former residence of Kong Xiangxi

Kong Xiangxi's former residence: it is located in the courtyard of Taigu normal school on the west side of the boundless temple in Taigu city. It is the largest and most complete house with the architectural style of mid Qing Dynasty in Taigu city. It is a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. The curator is ye Yaozhong.

history

It was built in the period from Qianlong to Xianfeng of Qing Dynasty, and was purchased by Kong Xiangxi in 1930. In 1934, Chiang Kai Shek lived here. Later, he was occupied by Japanese invaders, Jiang Yanbing station, hospital and special police. In August 1948, Comrade Deng xiaoping visited the house.

On September 23, 2014, in the exhibition hall of Kong Xiangxi's former residence in Taigu County, the curator ye Yaozhong showed reporters 14 Precious badges left over from the Anti Japanese war that he had collected for many years. These badges include those of the Eighth Route Army under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and those of the National Revolutionary Army under the national government. For the origin of these badges, curator Ye is very familiar.

The badge of the Chinese people's Anti Japanese military and political university is a school founded by the Communist Party of China to train military and political cadres during the Anti Japanese war. The Anti Japanese university has held eight sessions and trained more than 100000 military and political cadres. Luo Ronghuan, Luo Ruiqing, Tan Zheng, Peng Xuefeng and other senior generals graduated from the University. The university has made indelible contributions to the victory of the Anti Japanese war for the Chinese nation.

The badge is 5.5cm long and 4cm high. These badges are commemorative medals for Shanghai's loyalty and bravery in the Anti Japanese war in the 26th year of the Republic of China. In August 1937, Chiang Kai Shek decided to take Shanghai as the main battlefield to fight against Japan and to mobilize and command 700000 troops for the battle of Songhu. The vast number of officers and men of the Chinese army fought a bloody battle and fought very tenaciously. More than 300 officers and men of the second battalion of the 215th regiment of the 36th division of the Chinese army engaged in a white-edged fight with the enemy, and all of them died bravely in the end. From September 4 to 7, more than 500 officers and men of yaoziqing camp guarding Baoshan repulsed several Japanese attacks, and most of them died. In view of the fact that the garrison was besieged by the enemy, Chiang Kai Shek ordered a full retreat. The battle of Songhu lasted three months, and the Chinese army killed more than 40000 enemy troops, breaking the Japanese invaders' plan of "quick war and quick decision".

The eighteenth group army has four badges, with a diameter of 3.8 cm. In order to realize the National Revolutionary War and the Anti Japanese United Front, under the active advocacy and efforts of the Communist Party of China. In August 1937, the second Kuomintang communist cooperation was formally formed. On August 22, the Military Commission of the national government issued an order to reorganize the Red Army into the Eighth Route Army of the national revolutionary army. On September 11, he ordered the Eighth Route Army to be transformed into the 18th group army of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Army, under the jurisdiction of the second world war zone. Zhu De was appointed commander and Peng Dehuai deputy commander. During the Anti Japanese War, the army under the leadership of our party was always called the Eighth Route Army.

The 115th teacher's second brigade medal is 4cm in diameter. In August 1937, the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army, with about 46000 troops. It has three divisions under its jurisdiction, namely, the 115th, 120th and 129th divisions. Lin Biao, the teacher of the 115th division, Nie Rongzhen, the Deputy teacher, and Luo Ronghuan, the director of the political discipline department. After the CPC Central Committee held the Luochuan meeting in Shaanxi, the 115th, 120th and 129th divisions crossed the Yellow River and entered Shanxi. On September 22, 1937, the first division of the fifth division of the Japanese army first invaded Pingxingguan, and the main force of the 115th Division set up ambush in the mountainous area around Laoyemiao road. On September 25, after the Japanese army entered the ambush area, the Eighth Route Army suddenly launched a fierce attack, annihilating more than 1000 enemies and destroying more than 100 cars. The battle at Pingxingguan broke the myth of Japanese invincibility and inspired the people of the whole country.

The medal for meritorious officials in the base areas of Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan of the Eighth Route Army is 3.8 cm in diameter. After the fall of Taiyuan, on November 13, 1937, the 129th division of the Eighth Route Army held a meeting in Shiguai town of Heshun county to convey the instructions of the CPC Central Committee and Mao Zedong on the establishment of the Anti Japanese base area of Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan based on Taihang and Taiyue mountains. By publicizing the party's Anti Japanese policy, reforming the old regime, reducing rent and interest rates, developing anti Japanese guerrilla forces, the Anti Japanese base area of Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan was rapidly opened up.

The Fifth Army Kunlun Pass annihilation medal is 4cm long and 4cm wide. Kunlun Pass is located in the strategic area of Guangxi, China. On November 12, 1939, the Japanese army landed at Longmen port in Beihai Bay and captured Fangcheng of Qinzhou. On November 24, they attacked Nanning along Yongqin highway with one division and another brigade. On December 4, Kunlun Pass was captured. The national government mobilized forces from four war zones and five army groups to take part in the battle to ensure the safety of the international transportation line between Guangxi and Vietnam. The Fifth Army of the central army of the 38th group army mainly attacked Kunlun Pass. The battle started in the early morning of December 18. On December 30, the fifth army conquered Kunlun Pass for three times, annihilated more than 5000 people in the 21st brigade, and killed the enemy major general, Masao Nakamura. The battle in southern Guangxi is one of the large-scale battles since the Anti Japanese War, and also a major victory of the Chinese army since the Anti Japanese war.

The medal presented by Feng Yuxiang is 5cm long and 4.5cm high. In 1896, at the age of 14, Feng Yuxiang joined the army and began his military career from a soldier to a general. During the Anti Japanese War, Feng Yuxiang was a vice member of the Military Commission of the national government. He was a patriotic general, but he was pushed out by Chiang Kai Shek and others. He had no power but to concentrate on the propaganda and mobilization of Anti Japanese and national salvation.

Ye Yaozhong said: "these 14 badges are the story of the Chinese people's heroic resistance against Japan. These badges are the concentration and witness of history. The purpose of collecting these badges is to let more people remember the tragic history of our country. "

present situation

The courtyard faces north, 91 meters from east to west, 69 meters from north to south, with a total area of 6325 square meters. There are main courtyard, kitchen courtyard, study courtyard, theater, MoZhuang courtyard, West Garden and some damaged east garden. It consists of a number of horizontally arranged courtyards, each of which is divided into a number of quadrangles along the central axis. Each hospital is separated by a corridor, a mansion or a hall. The main buildings all use flying rafters with bucket arches, which is beautiful and generous. The wood structure is carved with beams and painted buildings, and the powder is piled with gold, just like seven rainbow neon. Each courtyard is connected by a vertical flower door, a treasure bottle door and an octagonal or crescent door, and the partition wall is decorated with windows of various shapes. The courtyard is of various shapes and styles, elegant and pure as a whole, exquisite in details, generous and vigorous in combination, and light and thick in harmony. There are many furniture on display in the house, including bed, desk, desk, chair and cabinet. The materials are precious, the workmanship is exquisite and the carving is exquisite.

Main courtyard

The main courtyard is a three entrance courtyard, with a magnificent wooden gate building. There is a hall in front of it, an open porch on the East and west sides, and an octagonal gate in the East. You can enter the East first courtyard to the east garden. There are two doors for people to hang flowers, and a roll shed hall. The small doors on both sides of the hall can pass through the library and the flower appreciation hall. Facing the hall, there are three official halls, with hard Hill shaped carved ridge and front porch columns. It is very spacious, with North and South doors. It is the main hall for receiving guests and holding ceremonies. The eastern chamber is called "San you Tang" (Youyou, Youwei, Youshou), and the Western chamber is called "San duo Tang" (Duofu, Duoshou, duonan). All of them are family members' rooms.

Three entry hospital

After passing the official hall, there are three entrances to the courtyard, department buildings and courtyard buildings. The East and West buildings are for women's families, and the second floor is the "embroidery building" for unmarried women. The south building is the owner's residence. There is a Baoxia building on the first floor. The plaque of "Jingjie Pavilion" written by Fu Shanshu was originally hung. On the second floor, there is a plaque of "Yingzhou style". The building is magnificent, exquisite materials, towering and grand. It is the highest building in the hospital, reflecting the status of the owner. There are two-story buildings on the East, West and south sides of the third entrance courtyard, with five rooms on the East and five rooms on the West. The plaque of "Jingjie Pavilion" written by Mr. Fu Shan is hung in the Baoxia of the South Building (Wenzhou style). There are wooden stairs in the building, and there are bridges leading to the East and West buildings on both sides of the second floor, which are rare in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Study yard

In the west of the courtyard, there is a study yard, which is called "the day knows and the month does not forget" Zhai. It is the self-cultivation and self encouragement of the feudal literati. There is a narrow strip courtyard in the south of the Academy, namely the kitchen courtyard, which is also the residence of servants. The building structure is simple and crude, which forms a sharp contrast with the main courtyard in the East.

West Garden

The west of the study yard is the west garden, which was built in 1860. The ground in the courtyard is a pool. A wooden Square Pavilion named "xiaotaoran" is built on the stone foundation of the pool. It is the main body. The hall of the theater is where Chiang Kai Shek stayed in Confucius' house in November 1934. It is hidden and has many passageways. It is safe and convenient. It is also equipped with other scenic spots. It has the characteristics of Southern gardens, such as small bridges, flowing water, pavilions and lake stones. Through the "Qinxin" bottle door, you can enter the theater, which is the place for the host to watch the opera and entertain guests. There are stages, ear rooms and viewing rooms. The layout is reasonable, the distance is moderate, the sound is transmitted and the effect is very good. In the west is the zhangfangyuan, which is called mozhuangyuan by later generations because of the plaque of "MoZhuang" written by Yue Fei.

The existing buildings of Kong house are basically in good condition, and the general appearance of East Garden still exists. Generally speaking, it has the characteristics of both northern folk houses and southern gardens. It is a real example of the integration of North and South Housing and residential garden. The compound has become a cultural tourist attraction.

Address: No.33 Yunyang Road, Yunyang Road, Shinan District, Qingdao

Longitude: 120.363552

Latitude: 36.062998

Ticket information: no ticket required.

Chinese PinYin : Kong Xiang Xi Gu Ju