Xianrendong Nature Reserve

Xianrendong Nature Reserve

Xianrendong Nature Reserve was founded in September 1981, and was promoted to National Nature Reserve in October 1992 with the approval of the State Council. Liaoning Xianrendong National Nature Reserve is a comprehensive nature reserve of forest ecosystem and wild animals and plants, with a total area of 3574.7 hectares. There are 831 species of vascular plants belonging to 399 genera of 108 families, 140 species of bryophytes, 67 species of fungi and 66 species of lichens. Among the plants, there are 16 kinds of national key protected plants, including 4 kinds of national first-class key protected plants (Ginkgo biloba, Taxus, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, ginseng); more than 10 kinds of subtropical plants, such as rare and cold resistant Cinnamomum trilobata, Haizhou Changshan, Callicarpa languoensis, Acer truncatum, yulinghua, Haloxylon, etc., are distributed in the area, and the population has a considerable scale; the climax plant community of Pinus densiflora is the largest in Asia The largest extant community. There are 375 species of vertebrates, including 38 species of mammals, 278 species of birds, 16 species of reptiles, 11 species of amphibians, 32 species of fish, and more than 1500 species of invertebrates. Among the animals, there are 4 species of national first-class key protected animals (sable, Golden Eagle, white tailed sea eagle and great bustard); 33 species of national second-class key protected animals; 226 species of national third-class key protected animals; 58 species of Liaoning Province key protected animals.

geographical position

The nature reserve is located in Xianrendong Town, Zhuanghe County, Liaoning Province, at the southern foot of Qianshan Mountain in the eastern half of Liaoning Province.

natural environment

The protection is denuded low mountains with glacial remains. The highest peak is lizifangling, which is 681 meters above sea level. Xianren cave has an ancient geological structure, a unique landscape, and many strange peaks. This area has a temperate monsoon climate, and the air is fresh in summer due to the influence of marine climate. The average annual temperature is 8.8 ℃, and the frost free period is 170 days. The annual precipitation is nearly 900 mm. Mona River and Xiaoyu river flow through the reserve, and nearly 100 gullies and branches in the reserve are connected with the two rivers, forming numerous forest streams.

plant resources

This area belongs to the transition zone of Changbai and North China flora, and has the characteristics of zonal diversity. There are 810 higher plants in the reserve, and the main tree species are Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, Pinus thunbergii, Quercus acutissima, Quercus mongolica, Tilia amurensis, Phellodendron amurense, Fraxinus mandshurica, Juglans mandshurica, Acer, etc. The climax vegetation is the mixed forest of Pinus densiflora and Quercus acutissima. There are a large area of natural Pinus densiflora forest and 10 kinds of oak trees, such as Quercus acutissima, Quercus liaotungensis, Quercus variabilis, Quercus mongolica, etc. There are also many kinds of shrubs in the reserve. There are more than ten kinds of natural subtropical plants under Quaternary glaciers in Northeast China, such as Haizhou Changshan, Sanya diaozhang, Sanya diaozhang, etc., which are the northernmost limit of Lauraceae plants in China. Wild chestnut trees growing in the area. It is also rare in the state office.

Pinus densiflora and Quercus acutissima forest in the nature reserve is the most representative plant community with strong adaptability and relatively stable community. The Pinus densiflora forest in Xianrendong is lush and lush, and the Pinus densiflora forest rooted on the cliffs for a hundred years has various forms and unique interests. In the mixed forest, ginseng, Gastrodia elata, gentian and other valuable Chinese medicinal materials also grow.

Ginseng:

Ginseng is a plant of Acanthopanax family, also known as Huangshen and Xueshen. It has the functions of Tonifying Qi and relieving detachment, benefiting heart and restoring pulse, generating fluid and calming nerves. It is mainly used for the treatment of various injuries caused by strain, deficiency cough, dyspnea, impotence, metrorrhagia and metrorrhagia.

In the nature reserve, the first grade of national protected plants is ginseng, and the third grade is Juglans mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Gastrodia elata, etc. In addition, there are many kinds of fungi, such as fungus, Ganoderma lucidum, hazelnut mushroom and so on.

Animal resources

There are 196 species of vertebrates in the reserve, including 140 species of birds. There are 22 species of animals under state protection, including white tailed sea eagles, golden eagles, Chinese merganser, white cranes and vultures. The variegated tit is only distributed in this area except Huanren in Taiwan and Liaoning. It is a typical rare bird in Northeast China.

tourist resources

The mountains in the reserve are magnificent, especially the peaks on both sides of the Xiaoyu River, which rise like knives and axes. The mountains are extremely dangerous. The mountains are also dotted with many rock pillars, dykes, cliff, stone forest and other strange rocks. There are many springs in the area, forming many forest streams and some waterfalls. There are many large and small mountain springs and mineral springs in the area. The spring water is excellent and transparent, especially the mineral water, which is warm in winter and cool in summer, and contains 23 kinds of trace elements beneficial to human body. Xianren cave has a unique landscape and ancient geological structure. There are pseudo karst landforms formed by Sinian quartzite, sericite quartz schist and metamorphic sandstone. There are more than 40 karst caves in various shapes and sizes.

There are many natural scenic spots in the reserve, such as "Menghu Tingjing", "Xiongshi Wota", "Longquan waterfall" and "Shilin Valley". Therefore, the reserve is listed as one of the five major scenic spots in Dalian.

Xianrendong nature reserve is not only the gene pool of wild species in Northeast China, but also has important scientific research value in geological geomorphology and hydrogeology.

Address: Xianrendong Town, Zhuanghe City, Dalian City

Longitude: 122.978679

Latitude: 39.993151

Tel: 0411-89220903

Ticket information: free. Bingyugou ticket is 120 yuan.

Chinese PinYin : Xian Ren Dong Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu