Changhai

Changhai County

synonym

Changhai (county under Dalian City, Liaoning Province) generally refers to Changhai County

Changhai County, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, is located in the Changshan Archipelago, belonging to the extended part of the Changbai Mountain mountains. It is a warm temperate semi humid monsoon climate. It has four distinct seasons, with a warm winter and cool summer, a sunny day and a small temperature difference. The total land area of the land is 142.04 square kilometers, with 5 towns under control. In 2018, the population of the registered residence was 71226.

Changhai County is the only island county in Northeast China and the only Island border county in China. It is located in the northern Yellow Sea on the east side of Liaodong Peninsula, facing the Korean Peninsula in the East, opposite Miaodao archipelago in Shandong Province in the southwest, and adjacent to Dalian City, Pulandian City and Zhuanghe City in the West and North. It is the nearest area in Northeast China to Japan and South Korea.

In November 2018, Changhai County was selected into the national "happy hundred counties list".

In 2018, Changhai County achieved a GDP of 9.45 billion yuan, which was 2.3% lower than that of the previous year (constant price, the same below). According to the three industries, the added value of the primary industry was 5.03 billion yuan, an increase of 4.3%; the added value of the secondary industry was 780 million yuan, a decrease of 2.6%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 3.64 billion yuan, a decrease of 10.9%.

In July 2020, it won the honorary title of 2017-2019 national health county.

Historical evolution

In the Neolithic age, more than 7000 years ago, human beings began to settle in Changshan group, fishing, hunting, farming and breeding, creating the early civilization of the island.

In the Warring States period 300 years ago, the state of Yan set up Liaodong county and governed Changshan Islands.

In Qin Dynasty, it was made by Yan.

In Han Dynasty, it belonged to Tashi County of Liaodong county (now Jinzhou District of Dalian City).

In Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Liaodong County of Pingzhou. During the Sixteen States of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was occupied by Koguryo.

After the Tang Dynasty destroyed Koguryo and recovered Liaodong, it belonged to Jili prefecture (today's Delisi Town, Wafangdian City). After the middle of Tang Dynasty, it belongs to ziqingpinglu Jiedu (now in the middle of Shandong Province).

In Liao Dynasty, it belonged to Suzhou (now Jinzhou District).

Jinshi, a Tokyo Road (today's Liaoyang City) Fu state (today's Wafangdian City) Huacheng county (today's Jinzhou District).

Yuan Dynasty, Liaoyang Province, Liaoyang road Jinfu state wanhu house (government now Jinzhou District).

In Ming Dynasty, it successively belonged to dingliao Duwei (now Liaoyang City), Jinzhou Wei (now Jinzhou District), and Ming General Mao Wenlong (now Lushunkou District of Dalian City).

In the Qing Dynasty, it was successively under the jurisdiction of Haicheng county (today's Haicheng City), GAIPING county (today's Gaizhou city), fengtianfu Fuzhou Tongtan (today's Wafangdian City), Jinzhou inspection, Ninghai County (today's Jinzhou District) and Jinzhou department.

In 1894, it was occupied by Japan after the Sino Japanese War of 1894.

In 1895, it was redeemed by the Qing government and still belonged to Jinzhou hall.

In 1898, the tsarist Russia rented a large brigade, and the Changshan Islands successively belonged to the administrative region of the Tsarist Kanto Prefecture, the administrative region of huiziwo (now Pikou street, Pulandian District) under the Far East governor's office, and the island administrative region.

In 1904, after the Russo Japanese War, the Changshan Islands successively belonged to the Jinzhou branch of the Civil Affairs Department of Kanto Prefecture and the huiziwo Civil Affairs Department of Kanto Prefecture.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese war in 1945, the people's Government of Xinjin County (now Pulandian District) established Changshan District in November, which governs Dachangshan Island, xiaochangshan Island, Guanglu Island, Zhangzi Island and its affiliated islands; the people's Government of Zhuanghe county established Shicheng Island District, which governs Shicheng Island, dawangjia island and its affiliated islands.

In May 1946, it added jurisdiction over Haiyang island and wumang island.

In June 1946, Changshan was divided into Changshan district and Guanglu district. Changshan District governs Dachangshan Island, xiaochangshan island and its subordinate Islands (excluding wumang Island), Guanglu District governs Guanglu Island, Zhangzi Island and its subordinate islands.

In February 1947, Changshan District, Guanglu District, Haiyang island and wumang island became Changshan Archipelago with the approval of the prefectural committee of the Communist Party of China's Tourism University.

In September 1949, with the approval of the Northeast People's government, it was changed into a county-level system. On November 10, Changshan County People's government was formally established, which is subordinate to the administrative office of the brigade University.

On January 31, 1953, with the approval of the Ministry of internal affairs of the Central People's government, Changshan County was renamed Changhai County and subordinate to Luda city (renamed Dalian City in February 1981).

On June 1, 2003, Shicheng Township and Wangjia town were replaced by Zhuanghe City.

On September 11, 2004, with the approval of the State Council, Shicheng Township and Wangjia town were officially assigned to Zhuanghe City.

administrative division

By 2018, Changhai County has jurisdiction over five towns: dachangshandao Town, Zhangzidao Town, guangludao Town, xiaochangshandiao town and haiyangdao town. The county people's government is located at 55 Changhai East Road, dachangshandao town.

geographical environment

Location context

Changhai County is located in the east of Liaodong Peninsula and the northern Yellow Sea, between 122 ° 13 ′ 18 ″ - 123 ° 17 ′ 38 ″ E and 38 ° 55 ′ 48 ″ - 39 ° 18 ° 26 ″ n. The county is adjacent to the Korean Peninsula in the East, Miaodao islands in Shandong Province in the southwest, and Dalian City, Pulandian district and Zhuanghe City in the West and North. Changhai County has a land area of 142.04 square kilometers, a sea area of 10324 square kilometers, a coastline of 358.9 kilometers, and a beach (intertidal zone) area of 2529.6 hectares.

topographic features

Changhai County is located in Changshan Archipelago, which is an extension of Changbai mountain range. Later, it subsided into the sea with the northern plain of the Yellow Sea. The original ridge peaks protruded from the sea surface to form islands. Therefore, the main geomorphological features are marine erosion landform and marine accumulation landform.

climate

Changhai County is located in the middle latitude zone, which belongs to warm temperate semi humid monsoon climate. It has four distinct seasons, warm in winter and cool in summer, sufficient sunshine, small temperature difference, and the annual average temperature is about 10 ℃. The average temperature in summer is 25 ℃.

The annual average temperature is 10.5 ℃, the maximum temperature is 36 ℃, which occurs on August 1; the minimum temperature is - 16.6 ℃, which occurs on January 26; the average surface temperature is 13.5 ℃, the maximum surface temperature is 67.1 ℃, which occurs on August 1; the minimum surface temperature is - 17.9 ℃, which occurs on January 26; the annual temperature range is 31.5 ℃. The annual sunshine is 2425.7 hours and the annual precipitation is 418.3 mm. The daily maximum precipitation was 105.9 mm, which occurred on August 20. The annual evaporation is 1012.2 mm, the annual evaporation is 640.6 mm, and the average relative humidity is 68%. The longest continuous rainfall day is 4 days, the longest continuous non rainfall day is 20 days, and the number of reported rainfall days (≥ 0.1 mm) is 50 days. The annual average wind speed is 3.3 m / s, the annual gale days are 14 days (≥ 17.0 M / s), and the annual maximum wind speed is 24 m / s, which occurs on August 20. The annual lightning frequency is 1183, the annual snowfall days are 13 days (≥ 0.1 mm), the annual fog days are 75 days, the annual frost free period is 280 days, and the annual frost fall period is 85 days. Five cold waves.

natural resources

water resource

There is a shortage of fresh water resources in Changhai County. The surface water only has seasonal streams, and it dries up after rain. The distribution of precipitation is uneven. There is a lack of retaining engineering, and a large amount of rainwater is lost into the sea. Most islands in Changhai County are located in poor water area. There are three reservoirs with a total capacity of 1.834 million cubic meters.

mineral resources

Changhai County has 11 proven mineral varieties, 32 ore deposits, gold deposits, mineralization points, mainly marble, silica, granite, clay, iron ore, gold.

Animal resources

Changhai County is rich in marine animal resources, including all kinds of marine life in the northern Yellow Sea. There are 44 species of zooplankton, mainly including protozoa, Coelenterata, chaetopalata and arthropod, which are the primary food for the growth of fish, shrimp and shellfish; there are more than 100 species of economic fish, shrimps and crabs, shellfish and algae; there are more than 70 species of fish, including shark, mackerel, six line fish, black mackerel, pomfret, star eel and flounder; and there are mainly abalone, Chlamys farreri and shrimp There are more than 50 species of scallop, bay scallop, conch, oyster and Corbicula. There are 11 species of shrimp and crab, including Penaeus chinensis, crayfish, hairy shrimp, green crab, Portunus trituberculatus and hermit crab. There are Apostichopus japonicus, Dalian purple sea urchin and shrimp Yima dung sea urchin. There are whales, dolphins and porpoises in the sea.

The terrestrial animals in Changhai County include pigs, cattle, horses, donkeys, mules, rabbits, chickens, ducks, geese and other livestock, poultry, hedgehogs, mice, bats, weasels and other wild animals. There are 15 species of birds such as magpies, crows, sparrows, woodcutters, swallows, seagulls, 36 species of insects such as red spider, aphids, scarabs, cochlear cattle, ants, fireflies, and other reptiles such as snakes, lizards, toads.

plant resources

Changhai County is rich in marine plant resources, with 75 species of phytoplankton and the main body of diatoms; there are more than 100 species of algae, and the economic algae with utilization value mainly include Gracilaria, yangqizao, Sargassum, kelp, cauliflower and Undaria pinnatifida; tropical fruits such as banana, papaya, pitaya, naked oats and pomegranate are planted. There are tree species for protection of trees, including flower, Chinese walnut, Juglans mandshurica, poplar, Salix, Ulmus, cypress, hibiscus, Wutong, etc.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Hai