Shouyang mountain

Shouyang mountain, located in the north of the old city of Han and Wei dynasties, stretches more than 30 Li from east to west. It is the highest place of Mang Mountain. Because the sun shines first, it is named Shouyang mountain. Most of the tombs of Wei and Jin emperors and empresses were buried in Shouyang mountain.

Shouyang mountain

Shouyang mountain is located at the intersection of Zhangjiatan village and historic site Ping Village, Lianfeng Town, 34 kilometers southeast of Weiyuan County, with an altitude of 2186-2509 meters. It is famous for its beautiful scenery and is a magnificent pearl on the ancient South Silk Road. At the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, Boyi and Shuqi, the second sons of Guzhu monarch, died in Shouyang mountain of Lianfeng.

Traffic information

① Lanzhou City Lianfeng Huo Expressway Weiyuan County Lianfeng town scenic spot; ② Dingxi City Lianfeng Huo Expressway Shouyang Lianfeng town scenic spot; ③ Tianshui City Lianfeng Huo Expressway Shouyang Lianfeng town scenic spot.

Main attractions

Shouyang mountain is located in the north of Lianfeng mountain. It echoes with Lianfeng mountain in the distance. There is a stone gate in the northwest. It is named because the two stones face each other from east to west and open a line between them. It looks like a stone gate. "Shimen night moon" is a local scene. Between the two cliffs is a reservoir with a capacity of more than 5 million cubic meters, which is an ideal water park. Behind the reservoir is a 15 Li Long patio gorge, where the steep cliffs of the mansion stand upright and surrounded by four mountains. The blue sky becomes a thin line. If a person is at the bottom of the well, the terrain is like a crack opened by a big saw, so it is commonly known as jiebangou. Tianjing gorge has beautiful mountains and waters, just like a fairyland. There are 27 scenic spots with the natural shape of ghost axe. The gallery is full of strange, dangerous, strong, unique, clear, beautiful, quiet, quiet, ancient and wild tastes. If you travel southward from the county seat, you can reach Tianjing gorge at least, which is about 20 kilometers away.

brief introduction

Weiyuan is a necessary place for the ancient Silk Road in Gansu Province. In Lianfeng Township, about 30 kilometers southeast of Weiyuan County, there is a karst hill, Shouyang mountain.

At the end of the Shang Dynasty, the monarch of Guzhu state (in today's Hebei Province) had two sons. His brother's name was Boyi and his brother's name was Shuqi. The king loved Shuqi very much and wanted to give him the throne. Boyi knew his father's intention and took the initiative to leave Guzhu. Shuqi didn't want to accept his brother's offer of the throne and hid himself. When Boyi and Shuqi heard that xibochang (King Wen of Zhou) respected and supported the elderly, they went to the state of Zhou and settled there. Later xibochang died and King Wu of Zhou succeeded him. King Wu rectified his internal affairs, expanded his forces, and marched against Shang Zhou. When Boyi and Shuqi heard about this, they ran up to take the reins of King Wu's horse and admonished him: "before my father died, they would fight and attack others. Is that filial piety? Is it benevolence to attack the monarch as a minister After hearing these words, the soldiers of King Wu were very angry. They pulled out their swords to kill them. They were stopped by Taigong Wangzhi. Taigong said, "this is a moral man." Tell the soldiers not to embarrass them. When King Zhou of Yin was defeated and the world respected King Wu of Zhou as the son of heaven, Boyi and Shuqi thought it was a shameful thing and decided not to be a minister of Zhou and not to eat Zhou millet. They helped each other and left the ruling area of the Zhou Dynasty. They went up the Weihe River and lived in seclusion in Shouyang mountain to feed their hunger by picking Osmunda. When he was about to starve to death, he sang, "I'm going to climb the western mountain and pick up the flowers. I don't know if it's right to be violent. The summer of Shennong is gone. I'll go home in peace? I'm sorry for you, but you've lost your life After singing, he starved to death on Shouyang mountain.

In the 23rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Yang En, the head of the household department, wrote an article on this issue. The article was carved into a stele, standing under the five platforms of Lianfeng mountain in Lianfeng Township, Weiyuan County. The monument is 7 feet high, 3 or 5 feet wide and has 1184 characters. According to the inscription, although there are five Shouyang mountains in the whole country, Weiyuan Shouyang mountain is the real one. The author quoted the classics and argued in many ways. The stone inscription is clear and the calligraphy is vigorous and powerful, which can be regarded as the top grade of the Ming Dynasty stele calligraphy. On the back of the stone tablet is the reconstruction of Shouyangshan Yiqi CI Ji written by Cao simu, the magistrate of gongchang, in 1629 A.D., which introduces the life of Boyi and Shuqi as well as their worship in the past dynasties, and explains the reasons and process of the reconstruction. Due to its solid arguments and detailed materials, this monument has attracted the attention of many archaeologists and historians. Zhu Xieyuan of Ming Dynasty and Zuo Zongtang of Qing Dynasty also wrote the inscriptions of Yiqi Temple based on the inscriptions.

More than 100 steps behind the tomb is the Qingsheng temple built by later generations in memory of Boyi and Shuqi. This word was first built in the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty (627-649 A.D.) and later destroyed by war. In the 13th year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1874 AD), people raised money for reconstruction, and now it is a county-level cultural relics protection unit. There are five main halls in the courtyard. On the left and right walls in front of the hall are inlaid with dark green marble, engraved with Shouyang mountain nostalgic poems (parallel preface) written by fan Shaoru of Hunan Province in Qing Dynasty and stele of rebuilding Qingsheng hall written by Wang Ling of Longxi. There is also a new Qingsheng Temple stele in Shouyang mountain, which was written by Zuo Zongtang.

history

According to the biography of Boyi in historical records, Guzhu state, located in the area of Lulong County, Hebei Province, was a vassal state of the Shang Dynasty in the late 11th century BC. Although they were the border kingdom far away from Chaoge, they were also oppressed and disturbed by the war at that time. When Mo Tai, the monarch of Guzhu Kingdom, saw that the war was coming and the Shang Dynasty was dying, and he was too old to cope with the turbulent situation, he made arrangements for the succession of the monarch: he had three sons, Boyi, Gongwang and Shuqi. After the death of Mo Taichu, all the subjects should establish Shuqi as the king according to the imperial edict. But Shuqi said, "how can I make my country king before my uncle?" Boyi refused to accept, saying that his father's order should be respected and Shuqi should be made king. The two men gave way to each other, and the officials were in a dilemma. So Boyi secretly left Beijing. Shuqi also escaped from Guzhu. They left the capital of Guzhu state at the same time, but the officials had no choice but to support the second son as the king.

Boyi and Shuqi fled from Guzhu and went west. It's said that Jichang, King Wen of Xibo Zhou Dynasty, was worthy of being the master of the Ming Dynasty. So they decided to go. After a long journey, we finally arrived at Xiqi. When they saw that King Wen of Zhou was dead, their son Jifa, King Wu of Zhou, went eastward to subdue Zhou. Seeing this, they stopped King Wu's horse and said, "your father is dead. You don't want to let him live in peace, but you want to start a war. Is this the behavior of a filial son? In addition, as a minister, you are going to kill the common Lord of the world. Can you say that this is the act of benevolent people? " King Wu was very angry after hearing what Boyi Shuqi said, and ordered his men to kill the two uninvited guests. At this time, Jiang Ziya, who was beside the king of Wu, quickly dissuaded him and said, "calm down, my king. Although these two brothers have said these words, they are the sons of the king of Guzhu. They are also virtuous and righteous people who give way to each other's throne. They can't be killed. Just let them go." King Wu accepted Jiang Ziya's advice and released Boyi and Shuqi.

Boyi and Shuqi tried their best to dissuade King Wu, and almost died. They sighed: "it's dark today, and Zhou's virtue is declining. It's not like Zhou's painting my body. If you don't want to avoid it, you can clean my behavior." So he left Zhoudi and lived in seclusion along the Weihe River to Shouyang mountain. A few years later, the army of King Wu of Zhou eliminated the dynasty of yin and Zhou and established the Zhou Dynasty. The four princes responded one after another and submitted to the Zhou Dynasty. When Boyi Shuqi learned of this situation, he was very ambivalent. He was angry at King Wu's injustice, so he decided not to eat the grain growing on the land of Zhou Dynasty.

They went up to the mountain to pick Osmunda japonica to satisfy their hunger. Although Shouyangshan Weicai is white and delicious, and has high nutritional and medicinal value, it is a rare wild vegetable, and it is difficult to provide the nutrition for human body. Their bodies are getting thinner and thinner, their faces are vegetable colored and swollen. During the period of the Three Kingdoms, the book "ancient history research" added to its waves, saying that one day, a village woman met Boyi and Shuqi in the mountains, and the village woman said to them, "you two have integrity and do not eat the grain of the Zhou Dynasty, but the wild vegetables you eat are also from the Zhou Dynasty!" After hearing this, they stopped eating wild vegetables. In biography of Lieshi, the word "woman" is changed to "Wang Mozi". Finally, the two brothers sang wearily: "climb the mountain and pick osmanthus there. It's a mistake to trade a tyrant for a tyrant. The peaceful and prosperous times of Shennong, Yu and Xia disappeared. Where is our destination? Oh, there is only death, and fate is so bad! " He left the famous song of picking Wei and died of starvation in Shouyang mountain. According to the biography of Boyi in historical records, the two men "never eat millet, but hide in Shouyang mountain, eat it when they pick up Wei, and die when they are hungry." Confucius and Mencius respected Shouyang mountain as a famous mountain in the world. The mountain is really famous for its people.

In fact, there are six Shouyang mountains in China. First, western Liaoning, formerly known as Yangshan; second, Yanshi, Henan, formerly known as Shoushan; third, Heshun, Shanxi, formerly known as Yangqu mountain; fourth, Puban Hequ, Shanxi, formerly known as leishou mountain or Shoushan; fifth, Qishan, Shaanxi, formerly unknown; sixth, Shouyang mountain in Longxi (now known as Shouyang mountain in Weiyuan County, Gansu). There has always been a lot of debate about which is right or wrong. Why are there six Shouyang mountains in China? Where is the real Shouyang mountain?

Professor Fan Sanwei of the College of Arts of Northwest Normal University believes that the place where Boyi Shuqi died of starvation is Shouyang mountain in Weiyuan, Gansu Province

First, Shouyang mountain in Weiyuan has its name since ancient times. According to the records of Weiyuan County annals, during the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Weiyuan was the territory of Rong nationality. From the first year of Xiangong of Qin Dynasty (384 BC) to the second year of Gaozu of Han Dynasty (205 BC), Weiyuan was the territory of Rong nationality

Chinese PinYin : Shou Yang Shan