Susan prison

Susan prison

Susan prison was built in 1369, the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. It has a history of more than 600 years. It is the only existing prison in Ming Dynasty in China, and also the earliest one. Susan prison is famous for Susan (yutangchun), a famous prostitute in Beijing, being wronged and imprisoned here and the spread of the drama "yutangchun".

Su San prison is mainly composed of ordinary cells and death row cells. In the middle of the two rows of 12 ordinary cells, there are dense barbed wire netting and copper bells hanging high. When you touch them, they ring loudly. It's really a net of heaven and earth. Each cell is only 4 square meters, dark and humid, and there is no sunshine all day. The prison now displays the laws of the Ming Dynasty and various instruments of torture, as well as the material objects of Su San's suffering. Death row prison is commonly known as "tiger head prison". The head image of "Hu" depicted on the prison door is similar to "Hu head", with blue face and fangs, which is hideous and terrifying. There is a hole in the pillow kiln in the death row courtyard, which is divided into three rooms. The one on the west side had imprisoned Su San in that year. There are two gates. The wall of death row cell is 1.7 meters thick and filled with quicksand to prevent death row prisoners from escaping. The East Room of the outer courtyard of Susan prison is a wax museum to show the origin and background of Susan's sad and happy stories

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From the end of the epidemic to December 31, 2020, medical workers across the country (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) can visit the scenic spot free of charge with valid certificates.

Historical evolution

In 1964, Mr. Wang yeqiu, a famous Chinese archaeologist, inspected and confirmed in Hongdong that Susan prison was a rare prison in Ming Dynasty in China, and wrote a poem: "there is red make-up in Hutou prison, and a song stirs up stinky water slurry. Where is the third young master Wang? There are eight walls here. " During the ten years of turmoil, Su San prison was demolished.

In order to keep the "Su San prison", the only prison in Ming Dynasty, the people's Government of Hongdong County later made a decision to repair the "Su San prison in Ming Dynasty". The restoration should start in May 1984 and be completed in October of the same year.

The existing Su San prison was originally built in the Ming Dynasty. It has two doors with high walls and deep prison. It is divided into ordinary cells and death row cells. The two groups of buildings are connected into one. There are 12 ordinary cells, 2 forbidden cells and one prison shrine. The death row is in the backyard. There is a tiger's head card on the front of the gate. There are tile roofed houses and cave houses inside. Su San was once held in the cave house. There is a well in the hospital, which is called "Su San well". Beside the well, there is a washing stone trough. The walls in the hospital are high, thick and solid. The doors and windows are narrow, and the wire mesh is grim. A new exhibition room was built outside the prison, where Su San's rich material materials about unjust cases were displayed.

At the end of 2014, Susan prison will be expanded. The Ming Dynasty ancient county yamen, which is about to be restored, is located in the northeast corner of Susan prison, with a total construction area of about 3550 square meters. The main building units are: the gate, the instrument gate, the lobby, and the second Hall. On both sides are the tax and service room, the life and Death Gate, the military and criminal workshop, the Shihu ceremony room, the ear room, and the master room. It mainly shows the case trial scene of the ancient county yamen and the Susan prison Unjust cases, trial scenes, etc.

Historical legend

Su San, formerly known as Zhou Yujie, was born in Zhoujiazhuang, Datong Prefecture, Shanxi Province in Ming Dynasty. When he was six years old, his parents died. Later, he was abducted and sold to Suhuai brothel in Beijing. Before she went to the brothel, she had two prostitutes, so she was named saner. Wang Jinglong, the son of an official, met Su San in Yeyou. He fell in love with Su San at first sight. Su San asked Wang Jinglong to work hard and vowed not to follow others. Wang Jinglong left Beijing to return home. Although he could not be relieved of Su San, he was determined to study hard. He went to Beijing for an exam for the second time and got the eighth place in the exam. When Wang Jinglong returns home, Su San is sold by the bustard to Shen Yanlin, a horse dealer in Hongdong, Shanxi Province, for 1200 taels of silver. Shen Yanlin had been in business for a long time, and his wife Pi's had an affair with his neighbor Zhao ang. Shen Yanlin takes Su San back to Hongdong. Pi's heart is evil. He conspires with Zhao ang to poison Shen Yanlin and frame Su San. At the first trial, the county government of Hongdong put PI and Su San in prison. Zhao ang took out more than 1000 taels of silver from PI's house to bribe him. Wang, the magistrate of the county, was corrupt and perverted the law, and severely punished Su San for extorting a confession. However, Su San was punished, so he had to endure the punishment and was sentenced to death. Just when Su San was wronged in Hongdong prison, Wang Jinglong was promoted to Shanxi patrol. Although Wang Jinglong had heard that Su San had been sold to Hongdong before, he didn't know the truth. So at the beginning of his term of office, he made an urgent inspection to Pingyang mansion. When he learned that Su San had committed a capital crime, he secretly visited Hongdong county to find out the case of Su San's unjust imprisonment, and immediately ordered all the personnel of Su San's case to be escorted to Taiyuan. In order to avoid the suspicion of personal trial, Wang Jinglong entrusted Liu to judge on his behalf. After Liu's just judgment, Su Sanqi's injustice can be vindicated, the real criminal is at law, the corrupt official Wang is dismissed and investigated, and Su San and Wang Jinglong have a lover and finally get married.

Feng Menglong, a novelist of the Ming Dynasty, enthusiastically wrote Yu Tang Chun's misfortune to meet her husband, which was included in the warning of the world and spread to later generations. Peking Opera and many local operas are widely performed as Su San Qi Jie and Yu Tang Chun. Because of the twists and turns of the story of Su San, the "Su San Gong Tang" and "Su San prison" were well-known and preserved for a long time. "Su San Gong Tang", the hall of Hongdong county government, was built by Yang Mao, the magistrate of Hongwu County in Ming Dynasty. In the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, it collapsed due to the earthquake and then rebuilt. In the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, AI Shaolian, the magistrate of the county, repaired the hall. It was once a provincial cultural relic protection unit, unfortunately destroyed in 1977. It is said that Su San, who was admitted to prison with injustice, was tried three times.

"Su San left Hongdong county and came to the street. I'm sorry that I didn't speak before. I've been listening to you in the past. " Su San, famous for his storybooks and plays, is almost a household name in China. The story of yutangchun's falling victim to meet her husband took place in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province. Until 1920, the judicial department of Hongdong county still kept Su San's files. Wang Jinglong is a fellow of Su San. This plot is found in Su San's confession.

Main attractions

The prison was built in 1369, the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. It is mainly composed of ordinary cells and death row cells. There is a plaque of "Ming Dynasty prison" on the front door, a statue of Su San in the middle of the courtyard, and the outer courtyard is the office space of the prison. The courtyard on the right is an ordinary prison, with an aisle in the middle. Over the middle of the two rows of 12 ordinary cells, there are dense barbed wire netting and copper bells hanging high. When you touch them, they will ring loudly. It can be said that it is a net of heaven and earth. Each cell is only 4 square meters, dark and humid, and there is no sunshine all day. The prison displays the laws of the Ming Dynasty and all kinds of instruments of torture, as well as the material objects of Su San MENGNAN. Death row prison is commonly known as "tiger head prison". The head image of "Hu" depicted on the prison door is similar to "Hu head", with blue face and fangs, which is hideous and terrifying. There is a hole in the pillow kiln in the death row courtyard, which is divided into three rooms. The one on the west side had imprisoned Su San in that year. There are two gates. The wall of death row cell is 1.7 meters thick and filled with quicksand to prevent death row prisoners from escaping. The East Room of the outer courtyard of Susan prison is a wax museum to show the origin and background of Susan's sad and happy stories.

Prison building

"Su San prison" is located in Lianhua square, Xinjian South Road, Hongdong County, which is also the southwest corner of Hongdong County Yamen in Ming Dynasty. The prison design in Ming Dynasty was superb. There are more than ten prisons on both sides. The top of the corridor is covered with barbed wire and hung with copper bells. When a prisoner tries to escape over the wall, the bell will ring. At the end of the passage, the guard's duty room is opposite. On the right side of the wall, there is an offering from the God of prison. It is said that when prisoners were in prison, they would pay homage to the God of prison. There is a small hole at the base of the wall under the God of prison, which is the exit for transporting corpses. Prisoners who died or were killed in prison can not be carried out through the gate, but can only be pulled out through this small hole.

On the left side of the end of the passage is the gate of the death row. There are two doors and two walls of the death row. On the door, there is a picture of Pang. Pang is the son of the dragon, but he looks like a tiger. Therefore, people mistakenly call him "Hutou prison". It is about because the dragon has nine sons, and the sons are different. Pang is specially in charge of the prison. The gate is only one meter and six high. All people entering the death row have to bow their heads in front of Pang to show their respect for the law The reverence of law. There is another door in the door, but one of the two doors opens from the right and the other from the left. If prisoners escape from prison, they can't open the second door after they get out of the first door. A small change can delay the escape time of prisoners. They have to admire the wisdom of the ancients.

Entering the death row, there is a high wall on the right and the cell where Su San was imprisoned on the left. There is a statue of Su San inside. In the center of the death row, there are also wells and stone troughs where Su San washed clothes when he was in prison. There are marks worn by ropes at the wellhead. The wellhead is only half a foot wide. This is to prevent the death row from committing suicide. It is said that the high wall on the right is filled with quicksand. If the prisoner wants to dig the wall to escape, quicksand will flow continuously from the small opening, making it difficult for him to dig through the wall.

Prison Layout

The screen wall at the entrance blocked the gate so tightly that you could not see the inside from the outside. Only when you came to the front of the gate did you find that you could enter on the right side. After entering, the passageway is very narrow, and you have to turn four corners at right angles one after another to pass through this narrower and longer passageway. This passage is only 1.7 meters wide, with 12 symmetrical small rooms distributed on both sides, which is the cell for ordinary prisoners. The doors of these cells were low, the windows were small, and there were several strong wooden lattices standing on them, leaving only a few small cracks for ventilation. There was no sunshine in the cell all year round, it was damp and gloomy, and there was water hanging on the wall

Chinese PinYin : Su San Jian Yu