Liu Jiaxia

Liujiaxia Reservoir

synonym

Liujiaxia reservoir is generally referred to as Liujiaxia reservoir

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

to examine

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Liujiaxia reservoir is located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, 1km southwest of Yongjing county / city in Linxia County, Gansu Province, and 75KM away from Lanzhou city. It is a large-scale hydropower project designed, constructed and built by China during the first five-year plan. It was completed in 1974. It is the seventh cascade power station in the development plan of the upper reaches of the Yellow River. It has many functions, such as power generation, flood control, irrigation, breeding, shipping, tourism and so on. The reservoir is located in the plateau Canyon, known as the "Pearl of the plateau", with spectacular scenery.

General situation of reservoir

In the southwest of Gansu Province, Yongjing County, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, on the upper reaches of the Yellow River, about 100 kilometers east of Lanzhou city. Construction started in September 1958, and the first generating unit was built in March 1969. It was completed by the end of 1974. The concrete heavy dam is 147 meters high and 204 meters long, with auxiliary dams connecting the left and right banks, 12-46 meters high and 636 meters long, and 840 meters long. The reservoir has a total capacity of 5.7 billion cubic meters and an effective capacity of 4.15 billion cubic meters. The average annual discharge of the reservoir reach is 877 m3 / s and the maximum water head is 114 M. The installed capacity of the hydropower station is 1.225 million KW, and the designed annual power generation is 5.58 billion kwh. It is connected with Lanzhou, Tianshui, Guanzhong and northwest power grids to form a northwest power grid across Shaanxi, Gansu and Qinghai provinces. It is one of the first phase key projects in the development of the main stream of the Yellow River. It is a large-scale water conservancy project with power generation as the main function and comprehensive utilization of flood control, ice control, irrigation and aquaculture

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Introduction to scenic spots

Liujiaxia reservoir is located in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, 1 km southwest of Yongjing County in Linxia, Gansu Province, and 75 km away from Lanzhou city. There are many canyons and rivers. The river passes through the deep gorge with thousands of cliff walls. The water potential is like ten thousand horses galloping. The scenery is very spectacular, and the most famous one is Liujiaxia. The Yellow River comes here, turns a sharp 90 degree bend, and then flows westward through the canyon

. Liujiaxia reservoir was completed in 1974. It is the seventh cascade power station in the development plan of the upper reaches of the Yellow River. It has many functions, such as power generation, flood control, irrigation, breeding, shipping, tourism and so on. The reservoir is located in the plateau Canyon, known as the "Pearl of the plateau", with spectacular scenery. Liujiaxia reservoir here is very famous and worth visiting.

The reservoir starts from Liujiaxia dam in the East and ends at Binglingsi gorge in the west, with a Southwest northeast trend. It connects Dongxiang and Linxia counties in the South and Yongjing County in the north. The lake bank line is 55 km long, and the widest water surface is 6 km. The water area is more than 130 square kilometers, with a water storage capacity of about 5.7 billion cubic meters, a normal water level of 1735 meters and an altitude of 2100 meters. The reservoir has a vast lake, beautiful scenery, pleasant climate, elegant environment, good water quality and no pollution. It is the largest aquaculture base and water resort in Gansu Province. It is not only a good ecological sightseeing place, but also a necessary place to visit Bingling temple. To the east of Xiangyang wharf, the white sand and green willows on the 10 Li river bank are exposed. It is known as the "ten li willow forest". The wonderful landscape brings us a beautiful atmosphere of returning to nature and people swimming in paintings.

In the upper reaches of the Yellow River, there are many canyons alternating with the river. The river passes through the deep canyons with thousands of rock walls. The water potential is like ten thousand horses galloping. The scenery is very spectacular, and the most famous one is Liujiaxia. Liujiaxia is located at the junction of Qinghai and Gansu, about 80 kilometers southwest of Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu Province. There is a large hydropower station in Liujiaxia reservoir, which can supply electricity to Shaanxi, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.

When you visit Liujiaxia, you can go upstream by boat. The river is clear and the waves are flying. When you enter the gorge, you can see that there are many peaks on both sides of the river, and the scenery is changeable. It is comparable to Guilin and Wuxia of the Yangtze River. Out of the gorge, in front of you is a high mountain lake, rippling with blue sky and white clouds.

The Yellow River flowed into the Tao River before passing through Liujiaxia to Lanzhou. Datong River, Huangshui River and other tributaries. Above Lanzhou, the sediment concentration of the Yellow River is not much. Even in flood season, the sediment concentration rate is about 5%. The main source of sediment is from the tributaries mentioned above, but little from the main stream. According to the observation records, in the basin area above Lanzhou, the average sediment loss per square kilometer is about 1000 tons per year.

The Yellow River comes here, turns a sharp 90 degree bend, and then flows westward through the canyon.

The reservoir is located in the plateau Canyon, known as the "Pearl of the plateau", with spectacular scenery. At the dam of the reservoir, there are power plants and Liujiaxia tourism company providing various kinds of boats. Tourists can take the boat to visit the Binglingsi Grottoes at the southwest end of the reservoir. It usually takes about two to three hours.

Traffic information

There is a bus from Lanzhou West bus station to Liujiaxia, about 2 hours' drive.

Ecological characteristics

The results showed that the primary yield per day was 2.00 G O 2 / m2 per day; the primary yield per year was 1123 kcal / m2 per year; the fish yield per year was 0.4 kcal / m2 per year; F / P 0.04; biomass per day was 16.8 g / m2; P / b 0.58, total N 0.90 mg / L; inorganic N 0.441 mg / L; total P 0.03 mg / L; phosphate 0.001 mg / L; oxygen consumption of organic matter 2.4 mg / L.

Nutrition type

Phytoplankton yield: medium; phytoplankton biomass: poor; phytoplankton dominant species: medium; inorganic nitrogen: medium; total nitrogen: medium; inorganic phosphorus: poor; total phosphorus: medium; cod: medium; nutrient type: medium; water quality nutrient status belongs to mesotrophic type.

Phytoplankton biomass (mg / L) and its composition

Among them, diatom accounted for 54.2%, green algae 8.4%, Chrysophyta 0.2%, dinoflagellate 31.3%, Euglenophyta 5.3% and Cyanophyta 0.6%. The yield of floating planting is 2.000 mg / L, the standing crop of floating planting is 0.646 mg / L, and the dominant species are diatom and dinoflagellate.

Biomass and composition of zooplankton in reservoir (mg / L)

The primary biomass, rotifer biomass, Cladocera biomass, copepod biomass and total biomass were 0.01, 0.15, 0.53, 0.42 and 1.11, respectively.

The management right belongs to Liujiaxia reservoir, and the aquaculture right belongs to Liujiaxia fishing ground of provincial agriculture and animal husbandry department.

Environmental threat

Due to a large amount of sediment deposited in Liujiaxia reservoir every year, the actual effective storage capacity of the whole reservoir has been reduced from 5.7 billion cubic meters to 4.2 billion cubic meters, and the loss of storage capacity is 1.5 billion cubic meters, which seriously threatens the normal operation and service life of hydropower station.

Due to the lack of vegetation along the Bank of Liujiaxia reservoir, landslides and collapses often occur on the bank slope of the reservoir, and soil erosion is extremely serious. Yongjing County, Dongxiang County, Linxia County, Jishi county and Linxia Prefecture along the reservoir area have invested a lot of human, material and financial resources to carry out the comprehensive management of ecological environment in the reservoir area every year, but the ecological situation of Liujiaxia reservoir area is still grim.

relevant

In July 2012, heavy rainfall in the upper reaches of the Yellow River made the storage capacity of Liujiaxia reservoir exceed the flood control warning level. Since 18:00 on July 23, Liujiaxia reservoir has started its first flood discharge since 1981. By 14:00 on August 5, the water level of Liujiaxia reservoir reached 1727.88 meters, and the discharge increased to 2200 cubic meters per second.

On August 26, Jingyuan County, Baiyin City, located in the lower reaches of Gansu section of the Yellow River, was in many dangerous situations due to continuous flood discharge. Under the impact of the flood with an average flow of more than 3000 cubic meters per second, 56 dangerous sections appeared in the county, and some farmland was flooded.

Address: Yongjing County, Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture

Longitude: 103.254679

Latitude: 35.861263

Chinese PinYin : Liu Jia Xia