Jiugong Mountain

Jiugong Mountain

Zhang Daoqing, founder of Jiugongshan Taoist school. Zhang Daoqing (1136-1207), a native of changsenwan, Luodian Town, Jingshan City, Hubei Province. During the reign of Chunxi in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang Daoqing, holding the emperor's imperial edict, set up a temple in Jiugong Mountain and built three palaces and twelve courtyards, making Jiugong Mountain one of the five famous religious mountains in China.

Jiugong Mountain, a national scenic spot, National Nature Reserve, national 4A scenic spot and national geopark, is located in Tongshan County in the southeast of Hubei Province and in the middle of Mufu mountain range across the border of Hubei and Jiangxi. Jiugong Mountain, with a total area of 166 square kilometers, is a hole structure composed of granite and metamorphic rock, belonging to glacial landform of fault mountain terrain. The highest peak of Mufu mountain is laoyajian, also known as laoyajian of Jiugong Mountain. It is 1657 meters above sea level and is one of the highest peaks in central and southern China. The coverage rate of Jiugongshan forest is 96.6%, which is the natural oxygen bar with the highest negative oxygen ion content in China. The 62000 Mu forest emits more than 30 million tons of water vapor into the air every year, which makes Jiugong Mountain full of fountains and waterfalls and endless in all seasons.

Jiugong Mountain is now divided into six sections with their own characteristics, namely, Zhonggang tourist area, Yunzhong Lake tourist area, Shilong gorge tourist area, tonggubao tourist area, jinjigu forest park tourist area and chuangwangling tourist area. In the scenic spot, there are Yunzhong lake, the first high mountain lake in Central China, dayatou waterfall, the highest waterfall in Central China, Yingke pine, the first pine in Central China, Ruiqing palace, the ancestral court of Taoist imperial school, wuliangshou temple, the world-famous Amitabha Daochang, Jiugongshan wind farm, the largest inland wind farm in China, and the first high mountain tourist ropeway in southern Hubei No way.

Introduction

Jiugong Mountain scenic spot is located in Tongshan County in the southeast of Hubei Province, in the middle of Mufu mountain range across the border of Hubei and Jiangxi, and at the junction of Hubei and Jiangxi provinces. It is 57 km from Tongshan County, 94 km from Xianning, 178 km from Wuhan, 220 km from Nanchang and 380 km from Changsha. Located at 114 ° 39 ′ E and 29 ° 23 ′ n, it is on the same axis with Huangshan, Lushan and Emeishan. At the same time, it is located in the center of "Three Kingdoms tourism line", "Three Gorges tourism line" and "Wuhan Yueyang Jiujiang" three tourism lines.

The Beijing Kowloon Railway, the Daguang Expressway and the Beijing Zhuhai Expressway all run through Xianning, and the national highway 106 passes directly under the foot of Jiugong Mountain. According to Taiping Yulan, during the northern and Southern Dynasties in 569 ad, Chen Bogong, the second son of emperor Chen Wendi of Southern Chen, led nine brothers to build nine palaces on the mountain to avoid war. They are Hunyuan palace, Bagua palace, Qinglong palace, Baihu palace, doulao palace, Baihu palace Wuwei palace, Sanqing palace, Qizhen palace and Yihua Palace are called Jiugong Mountain. It is also said that the four peaks and five ridges of Jiugong Mountain are the number of Jiugong mountains.

Transportation guide

Bus routes

Tongshan passenger station east station (take bus No.1 or No.2) to Jiugongshan scenic spot. It takes about 90 minutes by shuttle bus. The ticket price is 16 yuan. It's the same as going up and down the mountain. There are 5 trains per day in peak season, the time is 7:50, 8:40, 10:30, 13:30 and 15:30,

In the off-season, there are two trains every day at 7:50 and 13:30.

1. Wuhan Xianning Tongshan Jiugongshan scenic spot: Wuhan Wuchang Hongji passenger station, 40 minutes per class, ticket price 43 yuan (including 1 yuan life accident insurance). To Tongshan County east station, take a direct bus Jiugongshan (time 90 minutes).

2. Changsha Jiugongshan scenic spot: after arriving at Xianning station by high-speed railway and motor train for 1 hour, take Xianning Tongshan shuttle bus (60 minutes, 15 yuan, 30 minutes per class) to Tongshan east station, and then take Jiugongshan shuttle bus (90 minutes).

3. Nanchang Jiugongshan: after Nanchang long distance bus station arrives at Hengshi town of Tongshan County, wait for the shuttle bus from east station of Tongshan County to Jiugongshan (25km). After the tour, return to Nanchang and take bus 2313 to Nanchang at 22:48.

Self driving route

1. Xianning Jiugong Mountain: Xianning Tongshan Jiugong Mountain Scenic Spot

2. Wuhan Jiugongshan: Wuhan Jingzhu Expressway Xiantong Expressway Tongshan Hengshi Jiugongshan

3. Nanchang Jiugongshan: Nanchang North Changjiu Expressway Yongwu Expressway Daguang Expressway Honggang Jiugongshan exit Jiugongshan scenic spot

4. Changsha Jiugongshan: shangjingzhu Expressway Taolin exit Beigang shanghangrui Expressway Tongshan Hengshi Jiugongshan scenic spot

Natural climate

Jiugong Mountain belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate zone. The mountain climate changes with altitude, the difference between cold and heat is obvious, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and it is windy in midsummer. The average annual temperature of Jiugong Mountain is 10.7 ℃, including 9.7 ℃ from 1230m to 1564m, 11.7 ℃ from 800m to 1230m, 14.9 ℃ below 800m, the annual maximum temperature is 28 ℃, the minimum temperature is - 20 ℃, and the average temperature is 21.9 ℃. Jiugong Mountain is an area where the winter and summer monsoon meet frequently. Coupled with the blocking effect of terrain conditions, it has a large amount of rainfall, with an annual rainfall of 1681 mm. On cloudy and rainy days, the mountain area with an altitude of about 1000 meters is often covered by clouds, with a relative humidity of 70% - 80%.

Ancient and modern status

Jiugong Mountain is one of the five famous Taoist mountains in China. It is as famous as Laoshan Mountain in Qingdao, Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi, Qingcheng Mountain in Sichuan and Wudang Mountain in Hubei. The history of Jiugong Mountain is closely related to the history of Taoism. As early as 1400 years ago, 20 years after Chen Bogong built nine palaces, he was recalled to Chang'an as an official by Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, Yang Jian. He sacrificed nine palaces to worship Jiuzhen. The real rise of Taoism was in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhang Daoqing, a famous Taoist, opened a Taoist temple in Jiugong Mountain, built more than 100 Taoist temples with three palaces and twelve courtyards on the mountain according to the emperor's edict. There were more than 3000 Taoists practicing here. In the area of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, there were an endless stream of pilgrims who went up to the mountain to worship, and the maximum number of pilgrims could reach tens of thousands a day. Zhang Daoqing (1136-1207), a native of senwan, the town of Luodian, Jingshan, Hubei Province.

During the reign of Chunxi in the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhang Daoqing, holding the emperor's imperial edict, set up a temple in Jiugong Mountain and built three palaces and twelve courtyards, making Jiugong Mountain one of the five famous religious mountains in China. Before he died, he was granted the title of "Taiping protecting the country, Zhenmu Zhenren" by Emperor ningzong, the founder of Jiugong Mountain. After his death, Emperor ningzong personally approved the list, ordered him to build a palace to worship his corpse, personally wrote a letter to "Zhenmu hall" (today's Zhenjun stone hall in Jiugong Mountain), and gave Zhang Daoqing's son Pai generation 40 words, so it was called Yuzhi Taoist school.

Zhang Daoqing was also respected as the founder of the mountain. He was granted 17 titles by seven emperors before and after his death. After his eclosion, his body was preserved in the form of wax corpse, which was preserved in Zhenjun stone hall for 648 years. It is a pity that during the 700 years from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Opium War, China's feudal society has been on the decline. Peasant uprising and class struggle have been intertwined with ups and downs. As a result, the Daochang of Jiugongshan suffered from various degrees of natural and man-made disasters and was built and destroyed repeatedly.

Until the Taiping Rebellion, the Taiping general Lin Qirong led his troops to the mountain. Because of different religious beliefs, he destroyed the preserved wax corpses and burned the Taoist temple. Since then, Jiugong Mountain has been spiritually quiet, and its former glory has also been destroyed.

Temples in scenic spots

There are two religions in Jiugong Mountain, and the world-famous Amitabha Taoist temple wuliangshou temple. Founded in 618 of Tang Dynasty, Fuhu Buddhist monk built a Taoist temple here to promote Buddhism and build the ancient Yunguan temple. At that time, there were thousands of pilgrims to Jiugong Mountain every day, and the Buddha's name was passed down ten li. It is known as "paradise on earth". Due to historical reasons, it has experienced several ups and downs. In 1984, monk Shengqin went back to his hometown to revive the Taoist temple, making the Buddhist light reappear in the world. Wuliangshou Temple began to be built in 1991. The opening ceremony was held on October 1, 2001. With the efforts of monk Shengqin, the temple raised more than 60 million yuan at home and abroad. It took ten years to build wuliangshou temple into the largest, oldest and most spectacular Taoist temple in southern Hubei.

Related allusions

In 1645, Li Zicheng (emperor Dashun), the leader of the peasant uprising, fought a decisive battle with the Qing army at the foot of Jiugong Mountain, and finally died in Jiugong Mountain. Now there are historical sites such as Chuang Wang mausoleum and Luoyin cave near Gaohu village of Jiugong Mountain. In 1979, Chuang Wang mausoleum has become a national key cultural relic protection unit and the only preserved Mausoleum of the peasant uprising leader in the country.

In an academic discussion from 1985 to 1986, Li Zicheng was widely spread. At that time, some scholars had different opinions on Li Zicheng's fate, including "Tongcheng theory", and "congzeng theory" of Jiashan temple in Shimen City, Hunan Province. In 1986, Yao xueyin, Professor Gu Cheng of Beijing Normal University and other 70 famous historians gathered in Jiugongshan for more than one month's investigation and discussion. According to the historical records of Ming history, Qing history, Huguang Tongzhi, Tongshan county annals and other cultural relics left by Chuang Wang, they finally came to the conclusion that Chuang Wang was martyred here, Jiugongshan The truth of history has been proved.

Revolutionary Resort

Jiugongshan was also a red revolutionary resort. In 1926, Jiugongshan became a revolutionary base. Li can, commander of the fifth column of the Red Army, and he Changgong, political commissar, entered Jiugongshan. After the transfer of the Red Army in 1931, Guo Rudong of the Kuomintang went up the mountain and burned it thoroughly

Chinese PinYin : Jiu Gong Shan