Zhao Jiabao

Zhao Jiabao

It is 0.5 km around, 38 km away from Chengguan and 90 km away from Zhangzhou city. It is an ancient castle, commonly known as zhaojiabao, where Zhao Ruohe (the 10th grandson of Zhao kuangmei, the younger brother of Zhao Kuangyin, the song Taizu) lived in exile in the late Southern Song Dynasty. In 1985, it was listed as the second batch of provincial cultural relics protection units.

History Introduction

brief introduction

In 1279, the Song Dynasty died. Zhao Ruohe changed his surname to Huang in order to escape the pursuit of Yuan soldiers. He built a building in Zhangpu and lived in seclusion for the rest of his life. In 1385, the Royal censor Zhu Jian dealt with the case of Zhao ruo's intermarriage with his grandson Huang mingguan. After consulting the genealogy, he wrote to the imperial court to restore the Zhao family name. In 1571, Zhao Ruo and Zhao fan, the 10th grandson of the Ming Dynasty, were appointed as the Deputy envoys of the eastern Zhejiang Province. After returning to their hometown, Zhao's castle was rebuilt in 1600

. In 1620, Zhao Gongrui, the son of Zhao fan, inspected the architectural layout of Kaifeng and Hangzhou in Song Dynasty, expanded the outer city, and added a lot of song style buildings and inscriptions.

Environmental Science

Zhaojiabao is known as "five li and three cities". Its layout is modeled on the former capital of Song Dynasty. There are two walls inside and outside the castle. The outer city is a stone based triple wall, which is 6 meters high, 2 meters wide and 1082 meters long. Four gates are built in the East, West, North and south. The east gate is engraved with "Oriental giant barrier", the south gate is engraved with "Danding Zhongxiang", and the west gate is engraved with "Shuo Gao Ju Sheng".

relief

In the middle of the city, there are five parallel mansions, commonly known as "Guanting". According to the imitation of the Imperial Palace at the foot of Fenghuang Mountain in Lin'an of the Southern Song Dynasty, each palace has five floors and two floors, with a total of 150 rooms. In front of the mansion is the stone square, on which there are "Xiuzhu" and "father son doctor" stone squares. There are fish ponds in front of the square. The stone bridge across the pool, called "Bianpai bridge", is imitated according to "Qingming River map". There is a hexagonal pavilion on the bridge. There is also a 6-meter-high solid stone 7-level Pagoda with 20 reliefs carved on the wall.

San Tang

There are also three halls, Jiqing courtyard, wumiao, Wushi, Mochi, Yunchao, Yubei and Qianchi Xuanmen. "Mochi" stele is 1.56 meters high, 0.68 meters wide, 0.5 meters high and 0.45 meters wide. It is the handwriting of Mi Fu, the four great calligraphers in Song Dynasty; "Songzhu village" was written by Zhang ruitu, a famous calligrapher in Ming Dynasty; Yu stele, also known as "Gualou stele", has 77 characters, recording Dayu's achievements in water control. Its seal script is difficult to recognize in ancient times, and there are only three similar steles in China.

In the inner city stands the main building of zhaojiabao, a three story song style earth building, Wanbi building, which means "returning to Zhao". The building is built with granite strips as the platform base, and the wall is made of concrete. It is 20 meters high and 88 meters long, covering an area of more than 400 square meters. The first floor has 10 rooms, the second floor has 9 rooms, and the third floor is the Sihe corridor. At the right corner of the courtyard at the bottom of the building, there is a tunnel leading to the outside of the city. In front of the building, there is a two-story building opposite. Wanbi building is now a museum of song history, displaying the portraits of 18 emperors of the Song Dynasty handed down from generation to generation by the Zhao clan, as well as cultural relics related to the history of the Song Dynasty.

There are 100 households and more than 600 descendants of the Zhao family living in the ancient buildings of zhaojiabao.

survey

geographical position

Zhaojiabao, located in shuohaoshan, Huxi Township, Zhangpu County, is a castle built by the descendants of Zhao song royal family in the 28th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1600) and inhabited for generations. It is reported that Zhao Ruohe, the king of minchong County in the early Yuan Dynasty, escaped from the battle of Yashan in Guangdong Province and traveled to Zhangpu, where he lived in seclusion. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhao fan, his tenth grandson, served as a Jinshi, successively as the prefect of Cizhou and the Deputy envoy of Zhejiang Province. When the Japanese invasion was rampant along the coast, he built a castle to defend himself according to the layout of the old capital of the Northern Song Dynasty and expressed his admiration for his ancestors. In 1609, Zhao Yi expanded the outer city.

related data

Zhaojiabao is adjacent to Danzao mountain in the south, chaotianma mountain in the north, and guankuang River in the north of the city wall. The whole Fort covers an area of 173 mu, and its plane is basically square. The wall is built with stones, 2.5 meters thick, 3-4 meters high, and the Sanhe mound on the wall is about 1.5 meters high. Four gates are built, on which a tower is built. The north gate is built, and the urn city is built The east gate is a square barrier, the west gate is a Danding and Zhongxiang, and the north gate is a large one, According to the topography of the city wall, there are six horse faces, piers, and zangbing caves. The southeast side of the city is the inner city built by Zhao fan. There is a building in the center of the inner city, which is called "Wanbi building". The meaning of "Wanbi returning to Zhao" is adopted. The building is rammed with three-layer square, four in one, with a side length of 20 meters A two-story building with the back wall as the inner city wall. The main building in the city is Zhaofan mansion, which is located in the center of the city. It faces north from the south. Four buildings of the same type are side by side. Each building is composed of a hall, a front hall, two verandas, a middle hall and a back building, with a width of five rooms, There are three groups of wing rooms on both sides of the mansion. There is a lotus pool between the front of the mansion and the north wall of the city. The pool is divided into two pools by a long dike. On the left side, there is a Bianpai bridge. The bridge is composed of an arch bridge and a flat bridge, which imitates the idea of Panyang erhu and Zhouqiao in Kaifeng, the former capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, On the east side of the pool, there are four identical five bay halls, Jiqing courtyard and reading room, forming a residential area; on the west side of the pool, there are hills, on which there are Buddhist temples, jufo pagoda and Yu temple. Around the temples, a number of original rocks are consciously preserved, and more than ten stone carvings are left on the rocks, forming a large garden area.

function

Zhaojiabao has the military defense function of the city, while wanbilou reflects the architectural characteristics of the folk houses in Southern Fujian in the same period. As the settlement of the descendants of Zhao and Song Dynasties, the castle imitates the planning and layout of Kaifeng City, reflecting the noble status of the owner and the state of mind of the dynasty. The buildings in the city fully consider the various needs of social life, and build temples, reading places and other public buildings More importantly, it is a miracle in human history that a royal family lived in the city for more than 400 years. The builder of zhaojiabao is a descendant of the imperial family who destroyed the country. In the whole building group, his yearning for the ancestors' Imperial industry is everywhere. "Layout idea, everywhere is along the old Bianjing.".

Zhaojiabao is of special significance for the study of the family history of Zhao and Song Dynasties, the military history of Ming Dynasty, the history of Japanese invasion, and the planning and layout of song city.

Related Legends

sketch

Zhangpu Songcheng zhaojiabao, commonly known as zhaojiacheng, is located in the north of Shuo Gaoshan, Huxi Township, 35 kilometers southeast of the county. It is the seclusion of the descendants of a royal family who lived in Zhangpu at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty.

Zhangpu County is close to the mountains and the sea. In ancient times, in order to prevent pirates and mountain bandits, the countryside mostly relied on danger to build a city. The same people lived in the city. Once there was an emergency, they relied on the city to resist foreign aggression. According to statistics, there are 52 ancient fortresses along the 200 km coastline of the county. Among them, the most famous one was built in 1279 (the second year of song Xiangxing) and expanded in 1600 (the 28th year of Ming Wanli). It is known as "five li three cities".

Inner and outer city

Zhaojiabao is divided into inner and outer cities. In the inner city stands a three story building called "Wanbi building", which is the main building of zhaojiabao. The building is built with granite strips as the platform base, and the wall is made of concrete. The perimeter is 88 meters, and the height is 13.6 meters. It covers an area of more than 400 square meters. The first floor is divided into 10 rooms, the second floor is divided into 9 rooms, and the third floor is divided into no rooms. Downstairs, there is a courtyard more than 1 meter deep, and there is a tunnel in the right corner that can lead to the outside of the city. The whole building is magnificent and strong, giving people a solemn, dignified and mysterious feeling. It is a well preserved earth building with a long history in the south of China.

The green stone plaque on the front door of the building is engraved with the three characters of "wanbilou". Why do you call it "wanbilou"? It has a bleak and tortuous historical story.

In the second year of Deyou, the Southern Song Dynasty died. In Fujian Province, Zhao Shi, the king of Yi, was supported by the Song Dynasty's remaining officials, and his name was Jingyan. In April of the third year of Jingyan, Zhao Shi died and Wei Wang Min succeeded to the throne. In 1279, Yuan General Zhang Hongfan conquered Yashan in Guangdong Province, and Prime Minister Lu Xiufu lost his 9-year-old emperor min to the sea to die for his country. At that time, Zhao Ruohe (the tenth grandson of Zhao kuangmei, the younger brother of Zhao Kuangyin, the emperor of Song Dynasty), who was accompanied by the royal family of Zhao and Song Dynasties, came out of the harbor with 16 warships under the escort of his courtiers Huang CAI and Xu Dafu. He tried to go to Fuzhou and take another picture. Unexpectedly, he encountered a hurricane on Suyu Island, and 12 of them sank. He had no choice but to return to Zhangpu and land in Puxi. Because of the tight search by the yuan army, he changed his surname from Zhao to Huang and lived in Yinkeng, Jimei and other places. In the 18th year of Hongwu (1385) of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Jian, the imperial historian of the Ming Dynasty, looked up the genealogical epitaph and found out that the defendant Huang Huiguan was a descendant of Zhao Ruohe. He immediately asked the court to give him a second surname.

Poetry records

And a poem goes as follows:

...

The Song Dynasty has gone to the spring and Autumn period for 200 years. When will many resentments grind.

Because of the chaos of the country, Yin wore gold armor and threw a sword for his death.

The Yuan emperor was strong, and the people of Zhao went through the mountains and rivers.

His son and grandson, Hu gongman, took the purple robe from the current Dynasty.

...

In the fifth year of Longqing (1571), Zhao

Chinese PinYin : Zhao Jia Bao