Town God Temple

Town God Temple

Town God's Temple, Shanghai is located in Shanghai Fang Huangpu District Middle Road, one of the three major temples of the Yangtze River.

. City God, also known as City God, City God God. It is one of the most important gods worshipped in Chinese religious culture. It is played by famous officials and heroes who have contributed to the local people. It is the God of guarding the city that Chinese folk and Taoism believe in.

The legend of Town God's Temple in Shanghai was built by Sun Hao, a master of the Three Kingdoms, and was transformed into Town God's Temple during the Ming and Yongle years. The front hall is dedicated to Huo Guang, the great general of Jinshan ShenHan army. The main hall is dedicated to conferring the title of Si PIN Xian You Bo, the City God, to be the censor of Qin Yubo. The back hall is the bedroom. There is a memorial archway built in 1535 in front of the gate, and the stage was built in 1865.

Shanghai Town God's Temple palace building is a large southern style building with red walls and mud tiles. The main building in the temple is composed of the temple front square, the main hall, the yuan Chen hall, the God of wealth hall, the Imperial Palace, the city hall and the goddess hall.

Town God's Temple, Shanghai, located in the most prosperous and prestigious Yu Garden scenic spot in Shanghai, is an important Taoist temple in Shanghai. It was built in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1403 - 1424). It has a history of nearly six hundred years ago. The vicissitudes of the wind and the vicissitudes of the dynasties also led to the rise and fall of Town God's Temple, Shanghai.

Historical evolution

Initial construction of Yi Temple

Town God's Temple has been built in Shanghai since the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the Shanghai area was called Huating county. At that time, Huating county had built Town God's Temple in Huating county. In 1277, Huating county was upgraded to Huating Prefecture, and the next year, it was renamed Songjiang Prefecture. Huating County Town God's Temple also changed its name to Town God's Temple. Due to lack of historical data, the God of the City God who was consecrated to Town God's Temple in Songjiang Prefecture has been unable to verify. But according to legend, the God of the City God, who was worshipped in Town God's Temple County of Huating, is the prime minister's letter of Liu Bang in the Han Dynasty.

In 1292, Shanghai county was established. At that time, because the scale of the Shanghai county was not large, the county did not build its own Town God's Temple. The residents in the city offered sacrifices to Baicheng God to go to the shallow well temple in the outskirts of the city (now located at No. twelve Yongjia Road, Shanghai) to worship the God of Songjiang city. During the Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, with the continuous expansion of the city scale of Shanghai county, the number of residents in the city increased, so it was inconvenient to go out of the city to worship the City God. Thus, during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (1403-1424 years), Zhang Zhi Jie, a magistrate of the Shanghai magistrate, converted the Jinshan shrine in the city of Shanghai to the Town God's Temple temple in Shanghai, offering worship to the Shanghai City God Qin Yu Bo.

After many vicissitudes

When Town God's Temple was first built in the Yongle period in Shanghai in the Ming Dynasty, its scale was still small. However, the City God, as the protective god of Shanghai City, is closely related to the life of the people in Shanghai area. Therefore, the people are especially respectful to the City God, and there are many repairs and expansion in the past dynasties. The general process of repair and expansion from Yongle to 1842 is as follows:

Ming Yongle year (1403-1424 years), Shanghai county magistrate Zhang Jinyue transformed the Jinshan Temple into Shanghai Town God's Temple and Shanghai Town God's Temple.

Tomorrow, Shun (1457-1464), Shanghai county magistrate Li Wen rebuilt Shanghai Town God's Temple.

Ming Wanli fifteen years (1602) before the construction of the Great Hall of Town God's Temple, Hongwu Zhu Yuanzhang, the two year old emperor of the Ming Dynasty, appointed the imperial stone of the City God, and stood in the pavilion, called "Hong Wu stele Pavilion".

In the fourteen years of Ming Jiajing (1535), the believers contributed to the expansion of the Town God's Temple gate. The date of completion was just to the new magistrate. The inscription was inscribed on it. Feng Bin asked "to protect the sea corner". At this time, the Yongjia prodigy was in Shanghai. The people asked the child prodigy to put the four word book on the Town God's Temple gate.

In the 34th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1606), Liu Yili, the county magistrate, was rebuilt. In the same year, Li Jizhou, the county magistrate, rebuilt it.

Qing Shunzhi four years (1647) Town God's Temple cast Baoding, a standing in front of the great hall, engraved the short song of "Songjiang County Shanghai County Town God's Temple Tong Tian Yong Bao Yi" and eighty words. In the 22nd year of Kangxi (1683), Shi Cai, the magistrate of Shanghai, donated money to promote the construction of the temple. Yang Zhaolin, a Taoist, raised money to start the construction, and built two drum pavilions in front of the temple.

In 1690 (the 29th year of Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty), the 54th generation Tianshi of Longhushan granted "the seal of xianyoubo, the city god of Shanghai county".

In forty-eight years (1709), the local squire built the East Garden in Temple East, and the temple base in Town God's Temple expanded to 12 Mu and 6 points in Kangxi.

Yong Zheng thirteen years (1735), the owner raised Town God's Temple.

In the 13th year of Qianlong (1748), the palace was destroyed by fire, and the magistrate Wang Chu rebuilt it.

In forty-eight years (1709), Kangxi bought land in Shanghai, constructed the east garden, and returned to Town God's Temple. The temple base was expanded to 36 mu, 8 Fen, 9.2 Li.

Qianlong twenty-five years (1760), Town God's Temple, Shanghai bought Panshi garden structure West Garden, at this time Shanghai Town God's Temple total area of about 40 acres.

In the fifty-nine years of Qianlong (1794), Ge Wenying of the road Association raised the post building of Town God's Temple.

In the three years of Jiaqing (1798), the hall of Town God's Temple was renovated, and the Department and the twenty-four divisions were two.

In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), the abbot Zhuang Chuzhen and his disciple Cao Xingheng raised a bronze tripod and placed it in the vestibule of Chenghuang hall.

In 1814, the Hongwu stele pavilion was rebuilt.

In the sixteen year (1836) of Daoguang, Town God's Temple's West Sai was destroyed by fire and was rebuilt by Shanghai businessmen.

Repeatedly damaged

Domestic trouble and foreign invasion multiplied after Daoguang, and China's society entered a turbulent period of 100 years. At that time, Town God's Temple, Shanghai, was also struggling, and was repeatedly subjected to war and fire.

Daoguang twenty-two years (1842), the British army captured Wusong, occupied Shanghai city in June 19th, occupied by Shanghai Town God's Temple, occupied five days, the temple was destroyed.

In three years (1853), Liu Lichuan, the leader of the knives Association, launched an uprising in Shanghai, and took Town God's Temple West Garden (Yu Garden) as its command post for eighteen months. After the Qing army broke through the Shanghai City, it launched a fierce battle in Shanghai, and Town God's Temple temple and West Garden suffered heavy losses.

In the ten year (1860), the Taiping army attacked Shanghai City, and the Qing government "borrowed help from the teachers and helped to suppress". The foreign troops entering Shanghai city were stationed in the West Garden (Yu Garden) of Town God's Temple, destroying the orchids in Yu Garden. After the withdrawal of British and French troops, Town God's Temple was in ruins.

Tongzhi four years (1865) and seven years (1868), because Shanghai Town God's Temple after three military war, the loss is huge, the temple is dilapidated, there is no scenery in the park, decided to rebuild. At that time, Wang Zonglian, the county magistrate of Shanghai, advocated donating money to repair temples one after another. Town God's Temple take on an altogether new aspect after ten months of restoration.

Guangxu nineteen years (1893) Shanghai county magistrate Wang Chengxuan fundraising head gate, two doors, main gate hall and the drum tower, etc., the temple building in Town God's Temple is more spectacular. At the same time, the reconstruction of temples and the increase of Shanghai's urban population have increased the number of pilgrims and tourists in Town God's Temple, and the number of commercial shops has also increased. Shanghai Town God's Temple area has become the most prosperous area in Shanghai city.

In 1894, a plaque of "Bao Li Cang Chi" was issued by water transport.

In 1909, the first year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty, Li chaoqiong, the county magistrate, raised money to rebuild the palace.

In the eleven year of 1922 (1922), the public fire department of the public funds was responsible for the redevelopment of the great fire.

In the thirteen year (1924) of the Republic of China, in July 15th, the fire broke out in Town God's Temple and the hall was destroyed by fire. Two years later, it was rebuilt. It was designed by Gongli proofing company and contracted by Jiuji construction factory. It started in April 1926 and lasted for 20 months. It was completed in November 1927. All the steel reinforced concrete antique halls were built, which was magnificent and unprecedented in Shanghai.

With the continuous increase of population in Shanghai area and the prosperity of Commerce in Town God's Temple area, some illegal businessmen saw profits. They decided to take control of Town God's Temple by borrowing the opportunity to rebuild Town God's Temple hall. In addition, since 1842, the current situation in Shanghai has been turbulent, and a fire has worsened the situation, making it difficult for the temples to maintain. In February 5, 1926, Qin Yanqi, Ye Huijun and Huang Jinrong formed their own board to manage Town God's Temple, and abolished the traditional system of managing temples by Abbot Taoists. Since June 30, 1930, it has been changed to manage the Town God's Temple by the board of directors employing Taoist as the abbot, and the hall has also used "tender" to hand over the successful tenderers to the contract management. Thus, in this special historical period, Shanghai Town God's Temple temporarily lost its Taoist characteristics in the management system.

In 1938, after the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan, Town God's Temple, Shanghai, as a refugee area, accepted homeless refugees to live in the temple. After the situation in Shanghai was slightly stabilized, refugees began to leave Town God's Temple gradually, and the Town God's Temple side resumed some incense.

Chongguang ancient temple

After the founding of new China, the Town God's Temple hall began to rectify, and the Taoist priest began to manage Town God's Temple and restored the true appearance of Taoist temple.

After the liberation of Shanghai in 1949, except for the main hall of Town God's Temple, the temple was shut down one after another, but the statues of each hall were still preserved.

In 1956, the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of religious affairs carried out the work of renovating Town God's Temple, abolished the board of directors of the Yitai temple and the palace system, closed the jade palace, the Wenchang hall, and reduced the personnel in the temple. In 1965, in order to open up the road between the shopping mall and Anren street, the 139.8 square meter house of houdian was used by the flower and bird shop.

In April 1966, Yimiao District, Municipal Religious Bureau

Chinese PinYin : Cheng Huang Miao