Saihanba National Forest Park

Saihanba National Forest Park

Saihanba National Forest Park is the largest forest park in northern China. It is located in Bashang area of Chengde City, Hebei Province. It is part of Mulan paddock, one of the famous royal hunting grounds in Qing Dynasty. The total area of the forest park is 1.42 million mu, including 1.06 million mu of forest landscape and 200000 mu of grassland landscape, with a forest coverage rate of 75.2%.

Six types of landscape are planned in the park, which is known as "the source of water, the hometown of cloud, the world of flowers, the ocean of forest, the paradise of leisure and vacation", with grassland and forest landscape. It is a national first-class tourism resource and a national AAAA scenic spot.

Historical evolution

Saihanba in history is a famous natural garden with abundant water and grass, dense forest and numerous animals. It was called "thousand mile pine forest" in Liao and Jin Dynasties and used to be a hunting place for emperors.

In 1681, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, after calming down the "San Francisco rebellion", visited the northern part of the great wall and took a fancy to this Monan Mongolian Nomadic land, which "arches the capital in the south, controls Mobei in the north, has steep mountains and rivers, and moderate mileage". Emperor Kangxi took advantage of the ancient etiquette of "spring search, summer Miao, autumn service and winter hunting" of the emperor, hammered the fighting capacity of the eight banners of the Han nationality, carried out the policy of Huairou, subdued Mongolia, curbed the invasion of Northern Xinjiang by Tsarist Russia, and maintained the unity and unity of the multi-ethnic countries to consolidate the state power In the name of "Jingxian ranch, Zhaokai lingpu, SuiXing Qiushi", the "Mulan paddock" was set up, and the "Mulan Qiushi" was defined as the ancestral system. Historians call it "Chuwu suifan".

In 1690, the world-famous "battle of Ulan Butong" took place here.

Mulan paddock is a royal hunting ground outside the Great Wall. During the 139 years from the 20th year of Kangxi to the 25th year of Jiaqing, the three emperors of Kangxi, Qianlong and Jiaqing led princes, ministers and elite soldiers of eight banners to hold "Mulan autumn service" with shooting and tourism as the main content every year, which was held 105 times.

In May 1993, Saihanba National Forest Park was established with the approval of the Ministry of forestry. According to the "Forest Park Master Plan", the development and construction, operation and development at the same time, mainly carried out the construction of investment hard environment and the development and construction of tourist attractions. In terms of development strategy, investment promotion, joint venture and cooperation are the main measures; in terms of steps, it is easy first and difficult later, and rolling development.

In 1999, it received nearly 1 million tourists, and the direct income of forest tourism was more than 10 million yuan.

During the Ninth Five Year Plan period, the tourism development of Saihanba National Forest Park is facing an excellent opportunity: the National Tourism Administration, Hebei Province and Chengde City have seen the unique conditions and bright prospects for the development of tourism in Saihanba, and the tourism industry of Saihanba has been included in the Ninth Five Year Plan of Hebei Province and Chengde city.

In 1997, the director of the Tourism Administration inspected Saihanba National Forest Park, highly praised its rich tourism resources and broad development prospects, and said that it would give strong support to the development of Saihanba tourism in the future. The development of forest grassland ecotourism with Saihanba Forest Park as the main body has been listed as one of the five tourism resources development projects in Hebei Province during the Ninth Five Year Plan period. Chengde city has listed Saihanba National Forest Park as one of the two key tourist routes developed during the Ninth Five Year Plan period (Jingbei golden tourist route) and the first of the six key scenic spots.

In May 1999, the Hebei provincial government listed the park as the "eco-tourism demonstration area of Hebei Province". Saihanba mechanical forest farm regards forest tourism as one of the three pillar industries for the future development of the forest farm. It will formulate a series of preferential policies and measures, continue to vigorously carry out investment promotion, take various forms of joint venture cooperation, develop tourism resources, and develop forest tourism.

Saihanba National Forest Park, where the Provincial Forestry Bureau has established the "demonstration education base of forestry arduous pioneering work in Hebei Province".

In 2002, it was named "national ideological education base" and "rebuilding beautiful mountains and rivers demonstration education base" by the Central Working Committee of state organs and the State Forestry Administration; in the same year, it passed the acceptance of the National Tourism Administration and entered the ranks of AAAA tourist attractions. Saihanba National Forest Park has become an important window to show the forestry of Hebei Province.

In 2003, it was named "youth ecological environment education base of Hebei Province" by the Communist Youth League Hebei Provincial Committee and Hebei Environmental Protection Bureau.

In 2005, it was selected as the best Forest Park in China in the "promotion of Chinese and foreign tourism brands" jointly sponsored by the tourism chamber of Commerce of all China Federation of industry and commerce, Asia Pacific Tourism Federation, world overseas Chinese tourism cooperation organization and Capital Tourism Group Research Institute.

In 2006, the park was rated as "national model advanced unit of patriotism and serving the country" by the Chinese patriotic Engineering Federation, and "civilized scenic tourist area" by Chengde City, and won the silver award in the selection of "50 Places in China most worthy of foreigners to visit".

In 2007, it was rated as "honest tourism scenic spot" and "people's favorite charm scenic spot" by Hebei Provincial Tourism Bureau. It entered the top 50 in the selection of China's top 100 self driving tourism destinations. It was selected as "top 10 in the golden list" by China forest network through netizens, and was rated as "five-star Forest Park" by Hebei Provincial Forestry Bureau.

On January 7, 2008, the State Forestry Administration approved the establishment of "Hebei Mulanweichang National Forest Park" by the State Forestry Administration of Mulanweichang, Hebei Province. Although the former "Mulan Weichang National Forest Park" and the present "Mulan Weichang National Forest Park" are located in the same Weichang Manchu and Mongolian Autonomous County, their scope is different, and their forest classes do not overlap.

In 2008, the park won the title of "China's best tourism brand scenic spot".

In 2009, the park won the honors of "30 most beautiful scenes in Hebei", "China's best cultural tourism destination", "China's star tourism destination" and so on.

In 2010, it won the title of "Hebei quality integrity 5A brand enterprise".

natural environment

Location context

Saihanba National Forest Park is located in the north of Weichang Manchu and Mongolian Autonomous County, Chengde City, Hebei Province, adjacent to Keshiketeng Banner, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia in the north,

It is 240 km away from Chengde City and 460 km away from Beijing. It is a part of Mulan paddock, a royal hunting garden in Qing Dynasty, with a total area of 1.42 million mu.

Climatic characteristics

Saihanba National Forest Park belongs to the transition from middle temperate zone to cold temperate zone. The climate is cool in summer, and the maximum temperature is generally not more than 25 ° C. The average annual temperature is - 1.4 ℃, the climate is cool, the average temperature in midsummer is 20 ℃, and the extreme maximum and minimum temperatures are 30.9 ℃ and - 43.2 ℃, respectively. The average annual frost free period is 60 days, which belongs to the continental monsoon climate in the middle cold temperate zone. It is cool in summer, and the maximum temperature is generally less than 25 ℃; it is cold in winter, and the snow cover lasts for 7 months.

topographic features

Saihanba National Forest Park is located in the intersection zone of Inner Mongolia Plateau and northern Hebei mountains, with complex terrain structure and vegetation. The altitude is between 1500m and 2067m. The mountains and plateaus echo each other, and the hills and meadow fluctuate continuously.

Saihanba is divided into two parts according to the terrain: Bashang is the southern edge of Inner Mongolia Plateau, mainly hills and mandian, with an altitude of 1500-1939.6 meters; Bashia is the intersection of Yinshan Mountain range and Daxinganling, with a typical mountain terrain, with an average altitude of 1600-1700 meters.

Resource status

natural resources

In zoogeography, Saihanba is the intersection of North China, Northeast China and Mongolia Xinjiang; in phytogeography, Saihanba is not only the intersection of Inner Mongolia, Northeast China and North China, but also has northwest and dawuli elements, so it is rich in wildlife resources. There are 25 species in 11 families of mammals and 88 species in 27 families of birds. Among them, there are 5 national second class protected animals and 2 provincial protected animals. The animals under state protection include red deer and yellow sheep, and the birds include grey crane, goshawk, red footed Falcon and black grouse. Wild boar, lynx, roe deer, Aihu and other birds with high economic value; Red duck, mallard, ring necked pheasant, Guding chicken and so on. There are 659 species (including subspecies) of vascular plants belonging to 312 genera and 81 families, among which the wild flower plants are Trollius, Anemone, Limonium bicolor (Prunus Mume), delphinium, Rhododendron Rhododendron, ribbon flower, rouge flower, etc. Medicinal plants: Trollius chinensis, Pulsatilla tenuifolia, Cimicifuga, Herba Paeoniae lactiflora, Scutellaria baicalensis, bupleurum, acanthopanax senticosus, Papaver nudicaule, bell flower, etc. Wild vegetable plants: fern, Cimicifuga, daylily, dandelion, rhubarb, etc. Brewing jam beverage plants: Qiuzi pear, Ribes cuneifolia, Prunus armeniaca, seabuckthorn fruit, Oriental strawberry, etc. Grassland degradation indicator plants: Thyme, pepper, etc. Main afforestation species: Larix principis rupprechtii, Larix olgensis, Larix olgensis, Larix kaempferi, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, spruce, Pinus thunbergii, etc.

Human resources

The Manchu and Mongolian people live together in Saihanba, and the national cultures blend with each other, especially the Manchu and Mongolian culture. Here, visitors can taste all kinds of food and snacks with Manchu and Mongolian flavor, participate in a series of activities such as horse racing and wrestling, Oboo meeting, and carry out ethnic tourism. This is also one of the characteristics of Saihanba National Forest Park which is different from other forest grasslands.

Introduction to scenic spots

Saihanta

Saihan tower is located on the top of Dongba beam at an altitude of 1800 meters. It was built in July 1992.

Chinese PinYin : Sai Han Ba Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan