Yuncheng Salt Lake

Yuncheng Salt Lake

Yuncheng Salt Lake is one of the three largest inland salt lakes of sodium sulfate type in the world. Because its salt content is similar to the "Dead Sea" in the Middle East, people can float in the water, so it is known as the "dead sea of China".

Yuncheng Salt Lake is an ancient and typical inland salt lake. Geological research shows that Yuncheng Salt Lake was born in the period of Himalayan tectonic movement in Cenozoic tertiary, with a history of about 50 million years. It extends from northeast to southwest, with a length of about 30 km, a width of 3-5 km, an altitude of 324.5 m, a deepest depth of about 6 m, and a total area of 132 square kilometers.

In February 2020, in honor of medical workers, the scenic spot will be open to medical workers from the end of the epidemic to December 31, 2020.

geographical environment

Location context

Yuncheng Salt Lake is located in the hinterland of Jinnan basin, at the turning point of the Yellow River in the Qin, Jin and Henan provinces. It is adjacent to Zhongtiaoshan in the south, mingtiaogang in Emei in the north, Wushui Yaotai in the East and the Yellow River ancient ferry in the West. The lake is 324.5 meters above sea level and the deepest is about 6 meters, with a total area of 132 square kilometers.

climate

Yuncheng salt lake belongs to warm temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate, with abundant light and heat resources and concentrated rain and heat in the same season. The annual average rainfall is 559.3mm, the annual average sunshine hours is 2247.4 hours, the annual average temperature is 13.6 ° C, the annual frost free period is about 208 days, and the annual total accumulated temperature is 513.8 ° C.

Historical evolution

Yuncheng Salt Lake was formed in the fourth generation of Cenozoic. Due to the influence of a large orogeny, Zhongtiao Mountain in the South and Gushan and Jiwang mountain in the north of Yuncheng Basin folded and rose, and other plates sank, forming a large area of sedimentary depression. A large number of salt bearing minerals gathered here, and formed a natural salt lake after long-term precipitation and evaporation.

After liberation, around the protection and utilization of salt pools, Yuncheng Luyan Management Bureau, Luyan manufacturing factory Federation, Luyan transportation and marketing company, Yuncheng salt brigade and other organizations were established successively.

In 1985, after the full study of Yuncheng salt pool resources, Lu salt production basically stopped, replaced by sodium sulfide, industrial anhydrous mirabilite and other products.

In October 2003, in order to effectively protect Yuncheng Salt Lake, China's "Dead Sea" resources, a group took corresponding protection measures.

Scenic spot landscape

Saltwater floatation

Yuncheng Salt Lake is crisscross with fields and thousands of silver islands. The wonder of silver island in the lake is the Glauber's salt pile that is full of eyes all the year round. Tens of square kilometers of wetland around the salt lake inhabits dozens of migratory birds all the year round. The detection of heavy metal content in Yuncheng Salt Lake water shows that Yuncheng Salt Lake is rich in salt. The content of lead, mercury, cadmium and other heavy metals is lower than that of the dead sea, and the content of sodium, calcium, magnesium and other elements is higher than that of the dead sea. The density of the lake water is 1.25g-1.29g per cubic centimeter (greater than the density of human body), and the buoyancy is 30% higher than that of fresh water. After entering the water, it can float naturally, and the water doesn't have a belly. Due to the high salt content in the water of Salt Lake, the water in human body will be exchanged in the process of floating, so the floating time of salt water should not be too long, and attention should be paid to replenishing water in time after floating.

Healthy black mud

The black mud of Yuncheng Salt Lake is mainly sulfate, which is rich in mineral elements beneficial to human body. The salt lake black mud is evenly applied to the parts of the body except eyes and lips, which can make the rich minerals in the black mud penetrate into the wrinkles and pores of the skin. It has the functions of cleaning the skin, anti-inflammatory, wrinkle removing, sterilization, quick healing of small wounds, removing excess oil and cuticle, repairing uneven epidermis, astringent coarse pores and promoting skin metabolism.

Health spa

The geothermal mineral water from 2121 meters deep in the salt lake has an annual outlet temperature of 68 ℃. Due to the high iron and salt content in the water, the color of the spring looks like rust red, so it is known as the "Golden Spring" of the red soup in China.

Health preserving Luyan

Salt therapy is one of the three traditional health care therapies of traditional Chinese medicine, which is juxtaposed with drug therapy and mud therapy. Sun Sixian, a medical sage in Tang Dynasty, advocated it as a good way to keep healthy. Dead sea salt therapy is a new health care therapy with high concentration of mineral Hedong Salt and modern science and technology. It is the inheritance and development of traditional medicine.

History and culture

legend

Huangdi vs Chiyou

In the 30th century B.C., the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou fought for Hedong Salt Lake and deduced "the Yellow Emperor fought against Chiyou".

Song of south wind sung by Shun

Emperor Shun was an ancient sage who cared about Li people. He toured the salt pool and saw the salt grains full of white flowers. He stroked the five stringed harp excitedly and chanted the song of the south wind.

Salt culture

Hedong Salt and Hedong Salt culture have a long history. The earliest development and utilization of Yuncheng salt pond by the ancients has a history of more than 4000 years.

Development of Luyan

Lu salt is the salt of Yuncheng. Its development has made a great contribution to the end of the era of the Chinese nation and the breeding of Chinese civilization.

Salt law reform

During the Tang Dynasty, the salt law was reformed and the policy of encouraging salt production was carried out. The salt production of Yuncheng salt pond increased greatly, and the marketing area "came out of Qinlong in the west, passed fan and Deng in the south, Yan Dynasty in the north pole, and Zhou and Song Dynasties in the East" for more than 20 states in China.

Pool Temple

In Tang Dynasty, Emperor Zong issued an imperial edict, which named the salt pond "BAOYING Lingqing pond" and granted the God of salt pond "Lingqing Gong". A temple of salt pond was built on woyungang in the salt pond.

Salt University

In the third year of Dade reign of emperor Chengzong of the Yuan Dynasty, the salt transportation envoy aotun Mao founded a salt school, named "Yunxue". It was founded by Yuncheng salt government and accepted the children of salt merchants and Yanding.

Yidun, a salt merchant in Hedong

Yidun was born in Wei during the Warring States period. "Shi Ji · Huo Zhi liezhuan" contains: "Yi Dun starts with salt He is rich with the king. " He started from cattle and sheep, and later managed salt industry. He used mules and horses to transport salt, and opened up transportation channels to Qilu in the East, Qin and western regions in the West. Ten years later, he became a rich man.

praising those who are good at discovering talents

The well-known allusion "Bole Xiangma" happened in Hedong Yanchi. According to the historical records of Chu CE in the Warring States period, "in the past, Qi Ji drove a salt cart to Yuban, but he could not enter because he had a shaft.". This is the Qianlima with a salt cart that Bole (Sun Yang) found on the qingshicao mountain road leading to the state of Yu (now Pinglu).

Rongsheng chime

The Rong Sheng chime bell, which is now in the Poly Art Museum in Beijing, was cast in the sixth year of Zhaogong (740 BC) of Jin Dynasty. The inscription records the legend of "sending bittern to accumulate and taking Jinfan soup", that is, using salt from the salt pond of Jin state to exchange copper in Tongling of Anhui Province.

Furrow cultivation, watering and sun drying

According to the collection of Hedong Salt Administration, in the early Tang Dynasty, the salt production method of cultivating borders, watering and drying appeared in Hedong salt pond. This is a significant progress in salt production technology, leading western countries for about 1000 years. British scientist Dr. Joseph Needham called it "the living fossil of the history of ancient Chinese science and technology". The quality and quantity of Lu salt in Yanchi of Yuncheng have been greatly improved since the appearance of the method of "cultivating border, watering and drying". According to the records of the new Tang Dynasty, during the Dali period, the annual salt profits of Hedong Salt Pond reached 1.5 million tons, accounting for one fourth of the national salt profits and one eighth of the total financial revenue.

Introduction of banknotes in Song Dynasty

The Song Dynasty innovated the "money citation" method in Hedong Yanchi (that is, to buy salt tickets with money, you can redeem and sell them at any time later). It is the marketable securities in the process of merchants buying salt, storing salt and selling salt. It is the rudiment of stock futures, and it is also a franchise issued by the government. The biography of Bao Zheng in the history of Song Dynasty records that when Bao Zheng was a transport envoy in Shaanxi, he was also in charge of salt affairs in Hedong, actively carried out the law of money citation, and made great achievements.

Temple of Yanchi

In the 12th year of Dali (777 AD), Emperor Zong of Tang Dynasty granted Hedong Salt Pond "BAOYING Lingqing pond" and its God was "BAOYING Lingqing pond God". Thus, the Yanchi temple built by the emperor for the enterprise was listed in the national ritual code.

Shanxi merchants and Yanchi

Liang Xiaomin of Peking University tells how Shanxi merchants, who have been brilliant for 500 years in Chinese history, came into being: ancient trade did not follow the principle of comparative cost, but the principle of exchanging needed goods. Those areas with developed trade are often the origin of some important goods. The origin of Shanxi Merchants is an indispensable salt in people's life.

Salt pond forbidden wall

The forbidden wall, the great wall of Yanchi, was built in the Tang Dynasty, continued in the Song Dynasty, and renewed in the Ming Dynasty. After more than a thousand years, the forbidden wall is 58.7 km long. Its main function is to prevent salt smuggling and ensure national tax revenue.

Tour reference

Opening Hours

8: 00-24:00 (whole year)

Traffic routes

Take bus No.21, 66 and 88 in Yuncheng City to get to China Dead Sea scenic spot.

Price Guide

Ticket discount

1. Children under 1.1 meters are free of charge, and children between 1.1-1.4 meters are 99 yuan / person

2. There is no discount for senior citizen card and officer card

3. The ticket price of the scenic spot is 258 yuan

Floating equipment

1. Swimsuit 2, headrest (free in scenic area) 3, swimming glasses 4

Chinese PinYin : Yun Cheng Yan Hu