Ancient city of Yuzhou

Ancient city of Yuzhou

Located in Yuxian County, Hebei Province, the ancient city of Weizhou is now a national AAA tourist attraction. It was built in the second year of Xiangxiang in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (580 A.D.), and has a history of more than 1400 years. The ancient city has been a prosperous commercial port since ancient times. It is not only rich in products, but also famous for its rich and colorful folk culture.

Evolution of organizational system

The perimeter of Weizhou ancient city is more than 3800 meters, and the wall is 11.5 meters high. There are three gates, dongandingmen, jingyanglou, nanjingxianmen, wanshanlou, Yuanmen, guangyunlou, four turrets, 24 enemy towers and more than 1100 crenels. There are urn cities and secondary urn cities outside the three cities. There is a moat outside the city, which is more than 10 meters deep and 20 meters wide. The outline of the ancient city is irregular. It is wide in the south, narrow in the north, and uneven in the East and West. Instead of opening the north gate of the ancient city, Yuhuang pavilion was built on the north wall. In the city, four main streets, East, West, North and south, are used as the main trunk line, forming an architectural pattern with the drum tower and the South Gate symmetrical, and the north and South streets as the central axis. In history, the mainstream of Yuzhou area is Han nationality culture, but in the form of the ancient city, it is contrary to the traditional "ritual system" of the Han nationality. The most important feature of Yuzhou ancient city is the square and dignified, clear longitude and latitude, and symmetrical central axis planning. Due to historical reasons, the ancient city has been damaged to some extent, but the style of the ancient city has not changed. In addition, there are many government offices, temples, pavilions and folk houses in the ancient city, and there are still relics of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The ancient city is over 1600 meters old, such as the north wall, the south gate, the Yuzhou department, the Jade Emperor Pavilion, the real Wu Temple, the Changping warehouse, the Ling Yan temple, the Nanan temple tower, the drum tower, the Town God's Temple, the God of wealth temple, the mosque and so on. There are Sakya temple and Guandi temple in Nanguan. There is also Tianqi temple outside Dongguan.

In history, the ancient city also built Confucian temple, fire temple, Sanguan temple, shuangsong temple and other buildings.

geographical position

The ancient city of Weizhou is 220km away from Beijing in the East, 220km away from Baoding in the south, 160km away from Datong in Shanxi in the West and 140km away from Zhangjiakou in the north.

Main attractions

Weizhou Office

Weizhou department, located in the southwest of the ancient city, is the ancient governance of Weizhou. In 2011, according to the records of Weizhou annals, the Weizhou Department completed the reconstruction and is now the paper-cut Museum of Yuxian County, China. Facing south, the venue covers an area of more than 30000 square meters and is divided into East, West and middle roads. It is used for paper-cut exhibition, research, collection and creation. There are paper-cut exhibition of Yuxian paper-cut Museum, Yuzhou historical celebrities exhibition, Yuzhou cultural theme exhibition, Yuxian film and TV base exhibition, two paper-cut art festivals achievement exhibition of Yuxian, Yuxian calligraphy and painting exhibition in the year of the dragon There are 10 exhibitions, including "Yuxian paper cutting organization exhibition" and "Yuzhou Department folk collection".

Jade Emperor Pavilion

Yuhuangge, a national key cultural relic protection unit, is located on the north wall of the ancient city. It was called jingbianlou in Ming Dynasty, also known as yuhuangfeige. Built in the 10th year of Hongwu reign of Ming Dynasty (1377 AD), yuzhouwei commander Shi Zhoufang rebuilt Yuzhou Earth City into a brick city, with three gates in the East, West and south, and no gate in the north. He built a Yuhuang pavilion to confront sanmenyao. Yuhuangge has been built for hundreds of years. It has gone through wind and rain erosion, war and war. Although it has been built and rebuilt for several times, it still stands on the high city wall. The existing architectural style of the Ming Dynasty shows the superb skill and wisdom of ancient craftsmen. It is an important example of studying the architectural art in the early Ming Dynasty.

Lingyan Temple

Lingyan temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit, is located in the northwest of the ancient city. It is one of the famous ancient temples in Yuzhou. The temple covers an area of 6682 square meters. There are dozens of existing temple buildings, including Tianwang hall, Daxiong hall, dongxipeidian hall and Buddhist monk's house. Lingyan temple is located in the West Street of Gulou in the ancient city, facing south in the north. From south to north, the layout of the temple is: archway, Mountain Gate, Tianwang hall, Daxiong hall and Sutra Pavilion, which are distributed on an axis. The East and West are bell, Drum Tower, side hall, Zen room, etc. It is of great scale and momentum. The Tianwang hall is a square one, with three sides and three sides. There are no gold pillars in the hall. There are seven purlins and six frames in the hall. The hurdles and the Pu Bai Fang are in the shape of "Ding". The Dougong is chongang Wutai Dougong, and the corner is yuanyangjiao Shougong. There is no grasshopper head on the Dougong, so they all fight together. The beams are painted with "Yawu ink" and the walls of the eyes are painted with water ink dragons.

Sakya Temple

Sakya temple, the national key cultural relics protection unit, is located in the ancient city of Nanguan, commonly known as Wofo temple. Sakya Temple

The temple has a grand scale, including the heavenly king hall, the middle hall, the reclining Buddha Hall, etc. According to the research of the State Bureau of cultural relics, the Provincial Bureau of cultural relics and the Provincial Institute of ancient architecture, it is believed that the central hall of Sakya temple has the architectural characteristics of the Yuan Dynasty. The central hall is 3 rooms wide, and the architectural form is a single eaves with a roof. The building area is 141.05 square meters, the roof is quite flat, the eaves and four wing corners are tilted, which is more obvious from the side. The eaves of this hall is 1.5 meters, and the proportion and shape of the outer eaves are handled very skillfully, which makes the middle hall more solemn and solemn. Most of the main buildings of the temple are distributed on the central axis. From south to north, they are Tianwang hall, Daxiong hall, reclining Buddha Hall, east-west hall and some Zen houses. The main hall was built on a 0.9-meter-high brick platform. The hall of reclining Buddha and the hall of Mahavira echo each other, forming a feature of temple space processing. The main hall is ornate and its components are exquisitely made. Its style is similar to the caisson in the back hall of Lingyan temple in Ming Dynasty.

Zhenwu Temple

Zhenwu temple, a national key cultural relic protection unit, is located in the northwest of the ancient city, facing south from north. It is located on a 3-meter-high rammed earth brick platform, connected with temples and Zen houses, forming a closed independent courtyard. It covers an area of 2944 square meters. The main hall is located on the north-south axis, with two East-West auxiliary halls, surrounded by four rooms and a corner wall. A bell tower is built in the Middle East of the courtyard, and a drum tower is built in the West. The front hall is through the heart. The single eaves hanging mountain and rolling shed are connected, with three rooms in width and three rooms in depth. The hanging mountain is divided into five columns, with five beams painted with "Golden Dragon and peony" in the center. The front rolling shed is made up of four beams, with roof mounted rafters and beams decorated with oil. The main hall is located in the north of the courtyard, which is the North Pole hall. Xieshan green glazed tile roof with single eaves, glazed flower ridge, front building, spacious platform in front of the building, 1.30 meters above the courtyard. The main hall is three wide and five deep. There is a clock tower on the east side under the platform of the main hall. The bell tower is located on both sides of the central courtyard. This layout is rare in many ancient buildings, and its shape is similar to the attic in ancient paintings. The temple is surrounded by buildings on all sides, with closed corner structure and courtyard in the courtyard. This kind of layout is very rare. It can only be seen in the ancient paintings of song and Yuan Dynasties.

drum-tower

Drum Tower, located in the center of the ancient city, was first built in 1381 (the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty), named zhenyuanlou. It was built by Zhou Fang, commander of weizhouwei, and then rebuilt many times. In the Qing Dynasty, the drum tower was known as "Wenchang Pavilion". Unfortunately, it was destroyed in the 1940s, that is, during the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. It was burned down by a fire. The existing drum tower, which was imitated in 1997, is a triple eaves, multi angle, tile and glass trimming building. It is 17 meters high, nine rooms wide and five rooms deep. The four words "Chuya Shouji" are inlaid on the south side of the wall, implying "the first state in West Beijing" It is an important symbol of the ancient city of Yuzhou.

Nanan Temple Pagoda

Nan'an temple tower, a national key cultural relic protection unit, is located on the southwest side of the ancient city. It is a brick Pagoda with 8 sides and 13 levels of solid dense eaves, which was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty and rebuilt in the Liao Dynasty. Because it is located in Nan'an temple, it is named Nan'an Temple Pagoda. The tower is an integral whole, towering, just like a beautiful, elegant and solemn loft. In addition to a bullet mark left by warlords in 1926 (the 15th year of the Republic of China) on the east side of the bottom of the tower, the whole body of the tower is still intact despite the wind and rain and vicissitudes. It is an important ancient Chinese building. Later, the temple destroyed the pagoda, and the name of the pagoda still follows the old name. The height of the tower is 28 meters. The base of the tower is made of stone strips. The body of the tower is placed on the lotus seat. The first floor of the tower is high, and there are tower columns in each corner. There are arched partition doors and small windows around. The top of the tower is carved with Panlong, and above the Panlong there are brick arches. It becomes lower above the second floor. There are iron horses hanging on each floor. The breeze blows and there is a sound of Ding Dong. Lotus is carved on the top of the tower to support the brake body.

Wanshanlou

Wanshanlou is located at the south end of the ancient city of Yuzhou, above Jingxian gate. The original building was destroyed in 1947. The existing Jingxian gate is the only surviving ancient building among the three gates in the ancient city of Yuzhou. The Wanshan tower above the gate was rebuilt in 1997. Three Bay triple eaves Xieshan architecture. When you climb the building, you can see the green screen and the mountains. It is now the "Museum of ancient coins in Yuzhou".

Former residence of Wei Xiangshu

Wei Xiangshu's former residence is located in Shuyuan street, ancient city of Weizhou. The former residence covers an area of 2037 square meters. Wei Xiangshu served in the imperial court during the reign of emperor Shunzhi and Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty. Wei Xiangshu is known as the "good man, honest official and Scholar" by historians. In 2012, the former residence was put into protective repair, and Wei Xiangshu's thoughts, spirit and deeds were taken as the main line to build Yuxian Clean Government Culture Museum and Zhangjiakou clean government education base.

ever-normal granary

Changpingcang is located on the west side of the drum tower in the ancient city of Yuzhou, formerly known as "fengyucang", commonly known as "BeiCang". National key cultural relics protection units. It was built in the first year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1403 AD). In 2011, protective renovation was carried out, covering an area of 7700 square meters

Chinese PinYin : Wei Zhou Gu Cheng