The ruins of baliancheng

The ruins of baliancheng

Baliancheng site, located 6 kilometers east of Hunchun City, Jilin Province, is a site of Tang and Five Dynasties. Baliancheng was the headquarters of Longyuan mansion in Tokyo of King Wen of Bohai State in Tang Dynasty. From 785 to 794, baliancheng was once the capital of Bohai State, known as the second largest city in Asia. From 2004 to 2008, Jilin Provincial Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, Jilin University, Hunchun Cultural Relics Management Institute and other units excavated the site of the city. They mainly cleaned up the foundation sites of No.1 and No.2 palaces and their affiliated buildings, the gate site, etc., and unearthed a large number of brick and tile building components.

The ruins of baliancheng, announced by Jilin Provincial People's Committee in 1961, are the key cultural relics protection units in Jilin Province. In 2001, the State Council announced it as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Historical evolution

In 1937, Japanese people such as yoshiichi ornayama and liangce Fujita investigated the city of Balian and excavated the Palace site in the inner city of Balian.

Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the cultural relics administration departments at all levels in Jilin Province have carried out many investigations and records of the city sites.

From 2004 to 2008, Jilin Provincial Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, Jilin University, Hunchun Cultural Relics Management Institute and other units actively excavated the city site. The site of the first and second palaces, the ruins of their affiliated buildings, and the gate site were mainly cleared. A large number of brick and tile building components were unearthed.

archaeological excavation

There are two gates confirmed by archaeological excavation, namely the South Gate of the outer city and the South Gate of the inner city. The South Gate of the outer city is a small-scale single gate road with a width of about 3.2 meters from east to west and a length of about 5.2 meters from north to south. The South Gate of inner city is a ground building with rammed earth platform. The base is rectangular, 16.2 meters wide from north to south, 27.4-28.6 meters long from east to west. The East and West ends meet the city wall in the middle, and the height is now 0.6-0.8 meters. On the base of the platform, there is a circular column foundation with five rooms wide and two rooms deep. There are three footpaths on the South and north sides of the foundation, which are made of yellow rammed earth.

On the longitudinal axis of the inner city, there are two palace sites, one is Palace site 1 and the other is Palace site 2. The two palace sites have attached buildings on both sides, and the East and West ends are respectively connected with a North-South Corridor. Between the two palace sites, there is a cross shaped building platform.

Main relics

The relics unearthed in the city are mainly architectural components, including plate tiles, tube tiles, tiles, animal heads, animal sets, tail, pillar Wai, etc. Most of the tiles are bluish gray, but there are still a large number of yellow and green glazed tiles. Six petals and eight petals lotus patterns are the main decorative patterns on the face of the tiles, and there are also flower and grass patterns and rutin patterns. Among the unearthed tiles, quite a number of them have characters on the convex surface, either stamped or depicted, both in Yin and Yang characters. Most of them are Chinese characters, and a small number of them are descriptive symbols. A total of more than 90 kinds of tiles have been unearthed.

Overall layout

The layout of the city is similar to that of Shangjing and Zhongjing in Bohai Sea, which is of great historical value.

Compared with the site of xiandefu in Bohai Sea (and Longxi ancient city), the site of baliancheng is very similar in scale, layout and main building form design. The excavation of these two cities provides important archaeological data for the study of Bohai Sea and Northeast Asian capitals.

The city site of Bohai State. It is located in the state-owned improved seed farm of Hunchun City, 6km away from Hunchun city in the East and 1km away from Hunchun city in the north. The city site is composed of two cities. The outer city is slightly square in plane, with earth walls. The perimeter is 2894 meters, the north wall is 712 meters, the south wall is 701 meters, the east wall is 746 meters, and the west wall is 735 meters. There are four gates in the city, which are set in the middle of each wall. There are moat relics 6 meters outside the wall. The inner city is a rectangle with a circumference of l072 meters. The south wall and the north wall are 218 meters long, and the east wall and the west wall are 318 meters long. There are three gates, which are respectively built in the middle of the south wall, the east wall and the west wall. In the center of the inner city, there is a platform for the Palace site, and there are three other palace sites in the north of the platform. The unearthed cultural relics include lotus pattern tiles, "character" tiles, relief peony pattern and honeysuckle pattern tiles, green glazed tiles, etc.

Baliancheng is the site of longyuanfu in Dongjing of Bohai State in Tang Dynasty. It was built around 785, the first year of Zhenyuan reign of emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty. In the period of Zhengyuan of Tang Dynasty, the third generation of Wang daqinmao of Bohai moved his capital from Longquan mansion in Shangjing to baliancheng. In the 10th year of Zhengyuan of Tang Dynasty (794), after Chengwang of Bohai moved back to Beijing, baliancheng was still the Tokyo of Bohai. In 926 ad, the Liao Dynasty destroyed the Bohai Sea, and the city of Balian was abolished. The ancient city has been turned into farmland.

Cultural relics protection

In 1961, Jilin Provincial People's Committee announced it as a key cultural relics protection unit in Jilin Province.

On June 25, 2001, the State Council announced it as a national key cultural relics protection unit

.

Address: baliancheng village, Sanjiazi Township, Hunchun City, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture

Longitude: 130.278206

Latitude: 42.857446540989

Ticket information: no ticket required.

Chinese PinYin : Ba Lian Cheng Yi Zhi