Yangshao cultural site

Yangshao cultural site

Yangshao cultural site is located in Yangshao village, 9 kilometers north of Mianchi County, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. Yangshao culture was discovered in Yangshao village, Mianchi County, Henan Province. Yangshao culture, also known as painted pottery culture, is mostly coarse pottery. This is the representative name of the same system culture. In 1921, with the approval of the Chinese government, Swedish geologist Andersen and Chinese archaeologist yuan Fuli carried out the first excavation. According to the unearthed cultural relics, it is confirmed that they are the remains of ancient Chinese culture. According to the archaeological practice, the first discovered place is regarded as the name of the culture type, so it is called "Yangshao culture".

Site structure

Yangshao culture, named after its discovery in Mianchi Yangshao village, is located in Yangshao village, 9 kilometers north of Mianchi County, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province.

Yangshao cultural site is located on the gentle slope terrace in the south of Yangshao village, with Shaoshan in the north, surrounded by water in the East, West and south. It is more than 900 meters long from northeast to southwest and 300 meters wide from northwest to Southeast, with a total area of about 300000 square meters. The accumulation of cultural soil layer is 2.14 meters.

Archaeological history

In 1951, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences carried out a small-scale excavation of the site, and found that there are four layers of cultural layers overlapped. From bottom to top, it is the middle Yangshao culture - the late Yangshao culture - the early Longshan Culture - the middle Longshan culture.

In March 1961, the State Council designated the Yangshao cultural site as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

In 1994, the Chinese Museum of history organized archaeological experts from China, the United States, Britain, Japan and other countries to conduct an international field investigation of cultural relics. A large number of precious cultural relics were found in Bancun village near Yangshao village, among which the most valuable is Xiaomi, which was several tens of kilograms 5000 years ago. This shows that China's agricultural development has a long history.

Cultural Pavilion

The internal structure of Yangshao cultural museum Yangshao cultural museum is approved by the State Administration of cultural relics and Henan provincial government. It is a Yangshao cultural museum with functions of cultural relic protection, display and scientific research in Yangshao village site reserve. With a total investment of 51.3 million yuan, the Museum covers an area of 43 Mu and a construction area of 4700 square meters. It was founded in January 2009 and completed on October 28, 2011, meeting the opening conditions. Led by Mr. Guan Zhaoye of architectural design and Research Institute of Tsinghua University, and undertaken by Xinpu Group Construction Co., Ltd., the museum has unique and novel design, scientific and reasonable layout, and profound cultural characteristics.

unearthed relic

The Yangshao cultural site has undergone three planned excavations in more than 70 years since its discovery. The main unearthed artifacts are stone tools, bone ware, pottery and clam ware. The tools used for farming include axes, shovels, chisels, etc.; the tools used for hunting include stone arrowheads, pellets, stone cakes, etc.; the tools used for weaving include wire pendants, spinning wheels, bone needles, bone cones, etc. At that time, people's living utensils were all made of pottery. The unearthed utensils included tripod, pot, bowl, basin, bowl, cup, urn, jar, etc. What is particularly striking is the exquisite decorative patterns on the pottery, such as wide band pattern, net pattern, petal pattern, fish pattern, string pattern and geometric pattern pattern. These patterns fully reflect the wisdom of the ancient working people and their pursuit of the beauty of life. Exquisite painted pottery is a unique feature of Yangshao culture.

archaeological excavation

Since June 2013, cultural relics workers in Hebei Province have carried out rescue archaeological excavation of Yangshao cultural site in Xiaoli village, Baixiang County, Xingtai, and obtained a number of important discoveries. With an area of about 60000 square meters, Xiaoli site is a cultural relic of Hougang phase I of Yangshao period, dating from 5700 to 6300 years ago.

In Tongguan County, there are two Yangshao cultural sites: one is nanzhaizi Yangshao cultural site. It is located at the intersection of yuhuatun River and Tonghe River in nanzhaizi, Wucun township. It is high in the South and low in the north. It is about 350 meters wide from east to west and 1000 meters long from north to south. Most of the cultural relics of this site are still in good condition except for some ash pits damaged by the construction of Longhai railway. It was found that there was a high 2. The unearthed cultural relics include stone axes, stone sickles, stone rings, red and gray pottery rings, mouth, ear and bottom of sand red net pendant, mouth and bottom of color pottery bowl, red pottery basin and sand pottery pot, and red and color pottery pieces. There are many kinds of pottery decoration, such as painting pattern, net pattern, water pattern, rope pattern, blue pattern and additional pile pattern. The other is the Yangshao cultural site in Zhangjiawan. It is located on the two-layer plateau (local people call it the two-layer terrace) to the west of gecha Road, Zhangjiawan, Gangkou town. It is about 50 meters wide from east to west and 100 meters long from north to south. At this site, two ash pits, 2 meters high in the south, were found. There are concentrated grass mud and red burnt soil in the ash pit. From the eve of the Anti Japanese War to the present, there are unearthed cultural relics, such as earthenware urns, earthenware pots, earthenware urns, pottery pieces and stones. In recent years, there are many kinds of pottery patterns, such as painted pattern, painted pattern, blue pattern and so on. These two ancient cultural sites are close to mountains and rivers, and have fertile land, so they have favorable conditions for human beings to live together. In 1980, the unearthed documents were collected in the county cultural center.

In August 2014, during the archaeological exploration in cooperation with huayutau real estate Plaza project, a Yangshao cultural site with an area of 48227 square meters and a cultural layer thickness of about 3 meters was found.

The newly discovered site is located in Dongcheng District of Xuchang City, near the intersection of Tianbao road and Weiwu road. According to the preliminary exploration, the specific location is located in the west half of huayutau real estate Plaza Project (the planned West Gate), the south of shilimiao community and the south block of the community, close to the bend of an ancient river. It is about 1-3 meters deep from the surface and gradually deepens from north to south, hiding under the alluvial soil.

Based on the analysis of the unearthed pottery samples and soil inclusions, the site should be the Yangshao culture site 7000-5000 years ago, and the accumulation layer after Yangshao culture is obvious.

Address: Yangshao cultural site of Mashao line, Yangshao Town, Mianchi County, Sanmenxia City

Longitude: 111.78304

Latitude: 34.809683

Chinese PinYin : Yang Shao Wen Hua Yi Zhi