Shitou village, Wuya

Shitou village, Wuya

Wuya stone village is a famous historical and cultural village in Henan Province. Located in the thrush eyebrow shop village of Zhagu Township, 6 km west of Neixiang County, Nanyang City, it is an extremely rare traditional ancient residential complex in southern China. It was built in the eighth year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty and has a history of more than 300 years.

The ancient building area of Wuya village is 5620 square meters. There are 93 well preserved stone buildings. There are more than 200 existing houses. More than 80% of the traditional buildings are well preserved. There are about 50 farmers in the village. After entering the village, stone road, stone bridge, stone steps, stone building gate, stone courtyard wall, stone mill, stone animal pen, stone kiln, stone basin, stone trough, stone table, stone bench and stone mortar can be seen everywhere Stone walls and green tiles are built in accordance with the situation. They are scattered. From the cornerstone to the roof, no brick can be found. The whole village is like a castle of green stones, hidden in the lush forest, bamboo and old rattan trees. It is natural, unique folk custom, and remains of Neolithic culture. It is the representative of traditional Chinese ancient residential community

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brief introduction

Wuya Shitou village is a natural village in Wangjing village, gaqu Township, Neixiang County, Nanyang City, Henan Province. It belongs to the Baihe River System in the upper reaches of the Han River in the Yangtze River Basin. It is a subtropical humid area with 80% vegetation coverage of broad-leaved forest and deciduous forest, 360 meters above sea level, humid air and mild climate. It is 6 km away from Neixiang County, 1 km away from yu52 provincial highway, 3 km away from Neixiang west station of neideng expressway, and only 20 km away from Taocha canal head project of Middle Route Project of South to north water diversion.

In 2006, Wuya stone village was named as "cultural relic protection unit of Henan Province", in 2007, it was listed as "the first batch of ancient and modern folk architecture protection list", in 2008, it was named as "folk cultural heritage of Henan Province", in 2009, it was named as "Chinese landscape village" by UNESCO.

According to the existing tombstone of Wu Gong Di yuan in the second year of Xianfeng in the east of Wuya village, Wu's ancestral home was from yanpo formation of Toutou village in the west of Neixiang County, and moved here in 1743. The ancient building area of Wuya village is 5620 square meters. There are 93 well preserved stone buildings, more than 200 existing houses, and more than 80% of the traditional buildings are well preserved. The village is surrounded by dense forests and ancient vines and trees. If you walk into the village, you will find that it is a world of stones. All buildings are inseparable from stones. Strange stones and stone tools can be seen everywhere. Man and nature live in harmony. There are 7 historical streets, 2 ancient tombs, 13 stone steles (8 in Qing Dynasty and 5 in Republic of China), 9 hundred year old trees (Melia azedarach in 500 years, cypress in 300 years, Osmanthus fragrans in 200 years, etc.), thousands of farming objects, folk goods, especially stone utensils. The heritage of the new era still exists. It is the representative of Chinese traditional residential community.

media coverage

Fu Yonghe, the supervisor of the Ministry of education, and Wu Xiangcun, a professor of Tsinghua University, made a happy inscription after they visited the stone village together: Stone has feelings and lives on. Professor Wan min of Huazhong University of science and technology called it a Neolithic heritage reserve. Yang Naiji, a famous national tourism expert and economic consultant of Nanyang Municipal government, commented that it is a rare specimen of ancient stone dwellings in Central Plains. Zhou Tongbin, a well-known writer, said in the famous article "it's too late to meet Wuya village" published by Nanyang Daily: "Beng's illness has become a pearl, and hard work has created vivid art. The indomitable villagers inadvertently created a living museum; in the stone village of Qianlong era published by Henan Daily, he wrote a poem "walking in the stone village, vaguely seeing the ancients, in the west wind, the scenery is full of Ecstasy"

. Central, Hong Kong, provinces and cities and other major media competed to report, CCTV's "all over China", "daily agricultural economy" and other columns, as well as Hong Kong Phoenix Satellite TV and Henan Province's "biographies of Central Plains · Henan culture" all reported, and the shooting of TV series "Gua'er · teng'er · gen'er", "Neixiang County Government" and "Xiaogu Daxi" all took this as the background. After the media reports, soon attracted people to visit the city, so that this ancient village exudes an attractive fresh air.

Chinese landscape villages

On November 5, 2009, the reporter learned from Nanyang city that Wuya stone village in Neixiang County was elected as the second "Chinese landscape village" in China, filling the gap of "Chinese landscape village" in Henan Province.

Wuya stone village is located in Zhaqu Township, 6 km west of Neixiang County. It is an extremely rare traditional residential complex in Central China. It was first built in 1743 of the Qing Dynasty. It has a history of more than 260 years. There are more than 200 stone houses built in accordance with the mountain. They are all built by bluestones from the cornerstone to the roof. Walking into this village, there are stone bridges, stone steps, stone building doors, stone courtyard walls, stone mills, stone stockyards, stone kilns, stone wells, stone basins, stone troughs, stone tables and stone benches everywhere. Many of the daily necessities and labor tools of more than 50 households here are still made of stone. According to reports, in 2008, Wuya stone village was named the cultural relics protection unit of Henan Province, and in 2009, it was named the folk cultural heritage of Henan Province. After the launch of the second "Chinese landscape villages" evaluation activity, officials from UNESCO Beijing office and the Secretary General of China ancient village development and Protection Committee and other experts came to Wuya stone village for investigation and evaluation. On October 31, after the final review of the China Landscape village Review Committee, 16 declaration units, including Wuya village in Neixiang of Henan Province and changjiao village in Nanjing of Fujian Province, finally entered the ranks of "China Landscape village".

Historical evolution

"Wuya", an ancient stone house village, can be called an open-air folk custom museum. "Wuya" refers to the fact that the Wu family lives in the highland where the two mountains face each other. The stone house, as the name suggests, is a house whose walls are all made of irregular and different shapes of stones. Stone houses conform to nature, built in accordance with mountains, with the needs of topography and function, flexible layout, row upon row, high and low scattered. Some build their houses on the terrace according to the steep and gentle slopes; some build their houses on the terrace according to the height of the roof and the height of the ground; some build their houses on the steep cliffs with stone walls on three sides. In addition, the mountains around this stone house village are full of green, strange trees and grass, beautiful scenery and pleasant climate, which make people forget to go back once they are here. The local government has taken a fancy to this valuable tourism resource, and has designated it as "Wuya stone house scenic spot", attracting investment and developing construction.

Wuya is primitive

Wuya residence in Qing Dynasty has a history of 270 years since it was founded by Wu Diyuan, the ancestor of Wu family in the eighth year of Qianlong. It was named Wuya because all of them lived on Shiya. Due to the difficult conditions, the Wu people gave full play to their wisdom and great creation during the period. They used limestone, cement limestone and dolomite as basic materials, adapted to nature, built in accordance with the mountains, and arranged flexibly according to the needs of topography and function. According to the steepness and slowness of the hillside, some people build their houses on the platform in layers; some people build their houses in the space of unequal height on the ground by adopting the method of equal height on the roof and unequal height on the ground; some people simply put the back wall against the steep cliff and build walls with stones on three sides to expand the use space. According to the size of the patio, the plane layout of the stone houses is in the shape of "concave, sun and eye"; most of them are courtyard style Sanheyuan, and some of them have two or three entrances. The main room, bedroom, kitchen, animal pen, storage room and other spaces with different functions are separated. Most of the stone houses use wooden frames to bear the load of the roof and attic (some are all stone columns). The columns are not made of large materials. The diameter of the columns is 20-30 cm. The walls can be built with rough stone blocks, or with finely processed stone blocks, and pointed with yellow mud or self burnt lime. On the roof, the green tiles or rubble are placed on the inclined mat fixed on the rafters. The top and bottom are overlapped and overlapped with each other, making the surface like a fish scale beast. The windows are small, and the windows built with stone have flat arch shape, arc shape, etc. The Wu people have been living in a unique environment, leaving many cultural relics and legends. There are many unique styles of cultural relics, mainly including: stone courtyard, including stone house, stone building gate, stone gate pier, stone courtyard wall, stone top stone, stone front eaves, stone chicken cage, stone toilet, stone livestock pen. Stone utensils, including stone trough, stone basin, stone stool, stone table, stone roller, stone roller, stone mill, stone mortar, stone rammer. Stone roadway, stone steps, stone road. There are more than ten steles in the forest of Steles, including Wutong stele of Donggou cemetery, Sitong stele of Shirenshan cemetery and other steles. Among them, there are eight links in Qing Dynasty and five links in Republic of China. Ancient and famous trees, including a 500 year old Melia azedarach tree, a 300 year old Trident cypress tree, a 200 year old osmanthus tree, two 200 year old holly trees, two 100 year old Sapindus trees, two 100 year old tung trees, more than 100 year old persimmon trees and bamboo groves. The folklore of Wuya stone village is tortuous and moving, mainly including the origin of seeing off guests when they got married, the origin of Li Niang's gift, the legend of saving lives in Shihao, the story of Qipanshan and Zhu Bajie, the origin of Heihu temple, and the relationship between three trigeminal ancient cypresses and Wu family's three disciples.

Wuya is the center of culture

Wuya culture is rich in both architectural culture and folk culture. Architectural culture is mainly reflected in the construction of stone houses. You see, a foot and a half wide stone wall is made up of four fingers of thick rubble. There is not a bit of soil and sand, but it is also very strong. It can't be blown in by the wind, can't get through the rain, can't be cracked by fire, can't be frozen, and can't be spared a miracle among people. Look again, Wuya stone house

Chinese PinYin : Wu Ya Shi Tou Cun