Jingangtai National Geopark

Jingangtai National Geopark

Jingangtai National Geopark is a national AAAA scenic spot located in Shangcheng County, Xinyang City, Henan Province.

geographical environment

The scenic spot is located in Shangcheng County, Xinyang City, Henan Province, 30 kilometers away from the lower station of Shanghai Shaanxi Expressway, with a total area of 32 square kilometers. The highest peak in the area, pingdingpu, is 1584 meters above sea level, known as "the first peak in Guangzhou".

Jingangtai Xihe scenic area is a comprehensive Geopark integrating geological landform, subtropical scenery, biological treasure house and red culture. You can not only enjoy the beautiful scenery created by nature, visit the ecological tea garden, but also look at the red revolutionary sites, and imagine the red era of "osmanthus blossoming everywhere in August". Jingangtai was approved as a provincial nature reserve in 1989 and declared as a National Geopark at the end of 2005. Among them, the famous red cave group red tourist attractions have been listed in the list of 30 excellent red tourist routes and 130 classic red tourist attractions in the outline of national red tourism development plan 2004-2010 issued by the central office and the State Office in December 2004.

Jingangtai Geopark is composed of Jingangtai scenic spot and tangquanchi scenic spot. The scenic spot is 470 square kilometers in length and breadth. Mountains, hills, valleys, lakes and other landforms are integrated. The scenic spots, red sites, geological relics, biological resources and cultural heritage in the park are typical, rare, ornamental, scientific research value, fitness and recuperation, especially the unique volcano Landform, typical homologous magma evolution, Pinus taiwanensis in Dabie Mountains and salamander in Shangcheng are rare in China, which are of high ornamental and protection value.

From north to south, the overall landscape of the park is characterized by hills and ridges, low mountains and hills, and medium and high mountains. All kinds of landforms complement each other, forming a magical landscape with green mountains and green water, and strange pines and strange rocks. In terms of geological phenomena, volcanic landforms and granite landforms are closely related, and traces of new and old tectonic movements are scattered all over the world. Standing on the main peak, looking at Henan and Anhui provinces, I can't see the undulating distant peaks, steep and majestic cliffs, deep and quiet valleys, streams and pools, and strange pines and rocks with different expressions. I can't hear the sound of pines and springs. The benevolent enjoy the mountain, the wise enjoy the water, and the brave enjoy the danger. Wufeng, Qingxi and Bitan, Wufeng, Jingangtai, Wufeng, Qingxi, Bitan, Wufeng, Jingangtai, Wufeng, Qingxi and Bitan, Wufeng, Jingangtai, Jingangtai, Jingangtai, Jingangtai, Jingangtai, Jingangtai, Jingangtai, Jingangtai, Jingangtai.

Of course, in Jingangtai Geopark, it is the crisscrossing volcanic rocks, the flowing structures representing volcanic activities, the peculiar erosion landforms, the strange rocks and beautiful peaks with different shapes, and the ups and downs of the mountains that can shake people's mind even more. They clearly represent the history of geological development and geomorphic evolution in the Jingangtai area, making people feel the breath and heartbeat of the earth.

A place of war

Mount Jingangtai is high and dangerous. It is easy to defend but difficult to attack. It has been a must for military strategists since ancient times. During the Warring States period, Su Qin came to Jingangtai for on-the-spot investigation, and made a statement to the king of Wei, emphasizing the important strategic position of Jingangtai; in the Chu and Han Dynasties and song and Yuan Dynasties, it was an ancient battlefield for fighting; in the first year of emperor Jiaxi's reign in the Southern Song Dynasty (1237), Guangzhou moved to Jingangtai in Shangcheng County; in the yuan and Ming Dynasties, the rulers built yamen here; at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it was an uprising against the rule of the Yuan Dynasty In the third year of the Republic of China, Bai Lang's army severely attacked the rule of the northern warlords; during the second Civil Revolutionary War, it was the stable rear of the revolutionary base of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and Chaoyang cave on Jingangtai was once the garrison of the CPC Chicheng County Committee and the county Soviet government; in 1947, Liu Deng's army marched into Dabie Mountain, which was the opening of the strategic counterattack of the war of liberation The front line of the prelude. The mountain ranges of vajraya are like huge historical books, recording the evolution and rise and fall of society.

rivers

"The King Kong terrace is towering high, with endless waterfalls hanging all over the mountain. There is still water at the top of the peak and at the bottom of the valley, and there is smoke below the valley. " Reciting this poem of the ancients, it is not difficult to imagine the charm of the water in Jingangtai. There is water when there is a mountain. As high as the mountain is, the water will be as long as it is. On the top of the mountain and on the cliff, you can often see private mountain springs and white rivers. The mountain spring and waterfall merge into long and short streams, hiding in the cracks of the mountains, shuttling over the pebbles, splashing white flowers, or ringing the strings. Liuli River, taojia River, Zhengjia River, Sidao River and Diaoxie river all flow out from the mountains of Jingangtai and rush to the embrace of Huaihe mother.

products

The unique mountains, water and climate make it a natural garden for rare animals and plants. The animals include salamander, giant salamander, petrified fish, Rana longanus, leopard, Aibao, zezi, yeyang, baiguanchangweidui, owl, huhawk, etc.; the plants include qiantoubai, longxuliu, Zhixiang, Dabieshan five needle pine, etc.; tea, kugeng, Gastrodia elata, Poria cocos, lacquer, chestnut, Auricularia auricula, Mihoutao, tung oil, wubai are the top ten famous products at home and abroad.

The surging water of Huaihe River breeds beautiful historical stories, and the towering Dabie Mountains create a magical geological landscape everywhere. The Jingangtai Geopark, known as "strange pines, strange rocks, magic axe chisels, clouds and fog around the sky", is located in the Dabie Mountains where "the world is small in Qingfen, Chu and Yu, and the air pressure is high in songheng.

Climatic characteristics

Jingangtai Geopark is the transition zone between subtropical zone and north temperate zone, with mild climate and abundant rainfall, belonging to continental humid monsoon climate. Therefore, the vegetation coverage rate of Jingangtai area is as high as 85%, and there are many kinds of animals and plants, which is the highest in the province, reaching more than 2750 kinds, and is known as the "biological treasure house".

Geological characteristics

Jingangtai Geopark is not only the joint part of Yangtze plate and North China plate, but also the eastern part of Qinling Dabie orogenic belt. It has rich, systematic and complete continental dynamics research system. It is an ideal place to study the evolution process of Qinling Dabie orogenic belt, such as amalgamation, accretion, eruption and invasion. From this, scientists have uncovered many geological Mysteries - the scenes of volcanic activities and magmatic intrusion hundreds of millions of years ago, the evolution process of the earth and the formation process of high mountains can be truly and vividly interpreted here.

The Dabie Mountains are the natural barrier of southeastern Henan formed by the repeated collision of plates. 2.5 billion years ago, it was a vast ocean with frequent submarine volcanic eruptions. After hundreds of millions of years, the eruptive deposits formed the core of Dabie ancient land. In the middle and late Proterozoic, 1.4-800 million years ago, another round of crustal subsidence formed the original basement of the Dabie Mountains.

In the late Caledonian period about 430 million years ago, the North China and Yangtze plates were put together, the Dabie Mountains were uplifted, and a large number of thrust faults were formed, resulting in the loss of Silurian strata, thus establishing the tectonic framework with the NE trending structure as the main body.

In the late Jurassic period, about 154 million years ago, with the subduction of the Pacific plate to the eastern mainland of China, a strong volcanic eruption occurred in this area, which piled up majestic mountains and formed a unique volcanic landscape. After the volcanic eruption, large-scale magmatic intrusion occurred in this area, forming a typical homologous magma evolution Shangcheng granite body in China.

In the 65 million years ago Himalayan movement, the crustal movement in this area is dominated by vertical rise and fall, and the Dabie Mountains rise rapidly, and are in a strong denudation stage. Under the combined action of physical weathering, flood impact, river erosion and gravity collapse, the unique erosion landform, cliff, peak cluster, gorge, strange peak and strange rock are all formed, which finally forms today's unique diamond The landform of Taiwan.

In the long process of geological history evolution, Jingangtai area has left abundant geological relics, such as cliffs, peak wall landforms of "looking up as peak, looking down as ridge, looking down as wall", gully landforms and low mountains and hills, piedmont erosion landforms with granite as basement, and thousands of pictographic stones. It can be said that nature's mountain and sea breaking, Juli Wanjun's neotectonic movement and the protracted and persistent hydrodynamic effect are the best sculptors for the rich and diverse landscape of Jingangtai.

The volcanic activity in Jingangtai area is characterized by central eruption. Its complex volcanic apparatus is composed of several secondary cone-shaped volcanoes. There are volcanic flow structures and volcanic breccia structures in different parts of volcanic eruption. In the later stage, different structures formed steep pictographic peaks and strange stones, which gave people infinite imagination. There are many famous scenic spots here, such as Maoer stone and leopard rock. Maoer stone is named after the shape of civet cat on the top of the mountain. It can be seen dozens of miles away. It is vivid and majestic. Leopard rock, towering rocks, its shape is like a leopard, majestic territory perched on the top of the mountain. In addition, there is the Xianren bridge at the end of Feijia mountain, which is about 20 meters long and more than 2 meters high, zigzagging and descending along the mountain; the peak wall landform, due to structural uplift, weathering and erosion, water intrusion and ice splitting, makes the early volcanic rocks erode and collapse, forming a wall like zigzag peak, which makes people sigh for the power of nature and time.

Due to the tectonic action, the granite intrudes into the rock mass, weathering and denudation, and forms various landforms and landscapes. The trace of intrusive contact relationship, granite porphyry structure, granite giant spot trace, spherical weathering trace, water erosion and wind erosion trace, xenolith and other geological traces all reflect the geological features of the earth

Chinese PinYin : Jin Gang Tai Guo Jia Di Zhi Gong Yuan