Fenghuang Mountain

Fenghuang Mountain

Fenghuangshan, the full name of Shenzhen Fenghuangshan forest park

Located in Fenghuang village, Fuyong Town, southwest of Bao'an District, Shenzhen

Across Fuyong, Xixiang, Shajing, Gongming and Shiyan, it is one of the eight major forest parks planned to be built in Shenzhen. The goal is to build the most attractive country forest park in Shenzhen. The main entrance of Fuyong Phoenix, Shajing Guanyin Temple (Hongtian volcano Country Park), Xixiang huangmabu and Fuyong Hubei mountain have been built.

General situation

Fenghuang mountain, the main part of the scenic spot, is a low mountain on the East Bank of the Pearl River Estuary. It belongs to the Lotus Mountain system along the east coast of Guangdong Province and is known as "the first mountain in Bao'an". The mountain system is in the north-south direction, and the mountain body is in the Northeast southwest direction. From north to south, it crosses Shajing, Gongming, Fuyong, Xixiang and other places. The main body is located in Xixiang and Fuyong. The ridge axis is crescent shaped, and the peak is damoshan, the boundary mountain between Fuyong and Xixiang, with an altitude of 376 meters.

Fenghuang mountain was listed as one of the eight scenic spots in Xin'an in the Qing Dynasty. According to the records of Xin'an County in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, "Fenghuang rock, located in the north of Maoshan, is a huge and steep rock. It is as wide as several feet and as clear as a hall. It is said that Fenghuang lives in it, so it gets its name.".

Fenghuang Mountain has a very strong cultural atmosphere. Fenghuang ancient village at the foot of the mountain is the ancestral residence and folk residence of the descendants of wentianxiang people. It was built in the late Song Dynasty and the early Song Dynasty in Dade. It is listed as one of the six major ancient villages in the "Shenzhen purple line planning".

Location context

Fenghuangshan Forest Park is located in Fenghuang village, Fuyong Town, southwest of Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province

Covering an area of 29.7 square kilometers, the scenic spot spans five streets of Fuyong, Xixiang, Shajing, Gongming and Shiyan.

geographical environment

topographic features

Fenghuang mountain, the main part of the scenic spot, is the second largest mountain in Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province

. The main part of the mountain is located at the junction of Fuyong and Xixiang. The axis of the ridge is crescent shaped, on which there is a boundary monument between Fuyong and Xixiang. The highest peak is Damaoshan at the junction of Fuyong and Xixiang, with an altitude of 376 meters.

Climatic characteristics

Fenghuangshan Forest Park is located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone. Due to the influence of the monsoon, the annual average temperature is 23.0 ℃, the historical extreme maximum temperature is 38.7 ℃, the historical extreme minimum temperature is 0.2 ℃; the average temperature in January is the lowest, the average temperature is 15.4 ℃, the average temperature in July is the highest, the average temperature is 28.9 ℃; the average annual sunshine hours is 1837.6 hours; the average annual precipitation is 1935.8 mm 86% of the annual rainfall is in flood season (April to September). In spring, the weather is changeable, often "warm and cold" weather, prevailing easterly; in summer, for more than six months (196 days per year), prevailing southerly wind, high temperature and rainy; in autumn and winter, prevailing northeast monsoon, dry and rainy. The annual dominant wind direction is southeast by east wind, which is affected by tropical cyclones (typhoons) 4-5 times a year on average.

plant resources

The forest vegetation in the scenic area is mainly arbor, and arbor + shrub + herb form a plant community, in which there are about 550 species of arbor in 42 families. The core nature reserve covers an area of 11.02 square kilometers, accounting for 44.50% of the total area of the region. It is the main living place, breeding place and original place of zonal vegetation. It is mainly to maintain the original ecological environment. It is an area that is absolutely protected and prohibited from development and construction, and visitors are restricted to enter. The ecological buffer area is 8.14 square kilometers, accounting for 32.87% of the total area.

Scenic spots

Layout of scenic spots

Fenghuangshan forest park scenic spot is composed of three parts: pagoda scenic spot at the foot of the mountain, ancient Temple scenic spot in the mountain and sunset scenic spot at the top of the mountain.

Phoenix Wenchang tower

Fenghuang Wenchang pagoda, built in 1816, is located at the West intersection of Lingxia village. It is made of green brick, six stories high and about 20 meters high. It is the highest existing ancient pagoda in Bao'an. In September 1984, it was listed as the second batch of municipal cultural relics protection units by Shenzhen municipal government.

Holy water Yuquan

"Holy water jade spring" is built on the stone road and on the side of the mid mountain Pavilion. It is said that the grand master Guanyin wants visitors to climb the mountain. He is thirsty and thirsty. He has a special cloud spring on the side of the mid mountain Pavilion, so that tourists can quench their thirst and enjoy the spring.

Light path organ

"Pine path organ" is on the climbing stone road. The living way is covered by the shade of pine, and the breeze comes slowly. On the top of the pine cover, it plays a sonorous tone, like eight tones playing together and the strings singing together. It has been listed as one of the eight sceneries of Fengyan in the Qing Dynasty. On the roadside, there is an ancient stele of "Songjing organ".

Palmar occipital flow“

"Hezhangzhenliu" is made up of two towering boulders. Its shape is very similar to that of two palms, so it was called "hezhangshi" in ancient times.

Clean bottle with dew

"Jing Ping SA Lu" is a towering big stone, standing in the area where the ancient temple and Yingge stone are connected. A big hole is formed in the middle of the stone, which is quiet and elegant. Visitors can also climb to the stone top to have fun and overlook the sea view. Beside the stone, there is a stone tablet named "Jing Ping SA Lu" by Zheng Shizhong, a Jinshi of Ming Dynasty.

Peak sunset scenic spot

The main scenic spot of sunset peak scenic spot is "towering cloud top", also known as flying cloud top. It can be divided into North and South roads from the cloud top. The south road leads directly to the highest peak - Damaoshan. Along the way, there are many scenic spots, such as Zhudou stone, wanbat cave, shiruqing lake, Yanlou Yuanwang (wangyanlou on the top of Damaoshan). There are some scenic spots on the North Road, such as trial sword stone, Lingding stone and Jiaojian stone.

Mountain pagoda scenic spot

The scenic area of the pagoda at the foot of the mountain is located at the southern foot of Fenghuang mountain. It is composed of "Fenghuang Wenchang tower" in Lingxia village and "Chaoyang Linggou stone", "Pumen Shixian memorial archway", "qingniu Yuejian Liuxian trace", "holy water Lingquan" and "light path organ" along the climbing stone steps.

Ancient temples in the mountains

The ancient Temple scenic spot in the mountain is the main part of Fenghuangshan Forest Park, which is connected to the area by mountain road and stone path. The main part of the scenic spot is the Fengyan temple, which was built between 1297 and 1307, with many natural landscapes, such as "Phoenix Fairy Cave" and "longevity fairy well"

. There are also new complex buildings and Wanghai building in the scenic area.

Phoenix cave

There is a natural stone cave in Fenghuang mountain, which is called "Fairy Cave". Guanyin is worshipped in the cave. It is said that a phoenix once lived in it, so the rock outside is called "Phoenix rock".

The sky is covered with clouds

"Towering cloud top", commonly known as feiyunding, is the Ao peak behind Fengyan ancient temple, with an altitude of 309 meters. Zheng Wenbing, a Jinshi of Xin'an in the Ming Dynasty, once left a good sentence: "help the festival straight up to the top of the clouds, raise your hand and don't feel the dark sky." the top of the clouds is one of the eight scenes of ancient Phoenix rock.

Pumen memorial archway

Entering the entrance of Fenghuang rock, there is a archway called "Pumen Shixian archway". The front of the archway is engraved with "you want to cross from here" and the back is engraved with "Pu men Shi Xian", which is inscribed by the old master Quan Hui of Fengyan ancient temple of Baolian temple in Hong Kong.

Changshou Xianjing

Changshou Xianjing is located next to Fengyan ancient temple. It is said that the hole of this well was specially designed for tourists to clear away heat and quench thirst. The well water is sweet and fragrant. Drinking it for a long time can strengthen the body and prolong life. Lu diebang, a Juren from Panyu in the Qing Dynasty, erected a monument for him after visiting here.

Fengyan ancient temple

Fengyan ancient temple was built in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty (during the period of Dade). It stands on the hillside of Fenghuang mountain. It has a magnificent temple, surrounded by cigarettes and full of morning bells and evening drums. It has become one of the important Buddhist cultural centers in Shenzhen and the surrounding areas.

Wen Yinglin, the great grandson of Wen Tianxiang, built the ancient temple in memory of Wen Tianxiang. It is said that Wen Yinglin came here at the time of famine. In order to understand the disaster situation, he built a smoke tower on the top of Damao mountain. As soon as he saw the village without smoke, he immediately sent people to help. One day, Wen Yinglin went out to check the disaster situation. When he came to Fengyan, he saw that the terrain was strange, the mountains were steep and beautiful, and there were many strange rocks. He planned to build a temple here to commemorate his great grandfather Wen Tianxiang. Just that night, he had another dream. He had a dream that Guanyin's mother asked him to build "Fengyan ancient temple" in Fengyan. Therefore, he raised money to build the temple, one for Guanyin's mother and the other for Wen Tianxiang. For this reason, residents and tourists from far and near like to come here to pray, and the temple has always been full of incense. There are Wen Tianxiang Memorial Hall and Yinglin Pavilion in the temple to commemorate Wen's ancestors.

During the reign of emperor Xiaozong Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng Shizhong, a descendant of Wen Tianxiang's volunteers, was a Jinshi of Dezhong, and later went to Fengyan temple. Zheng Shizhong was grateful for the kindness of Guanyin Bodhisattva and carved a huge stone tablet on the right side of Fengyan temple, which is called "pure bottle sprinkles sweet dew". The stone tablet is still intact.

Development and construction

Infrastructure

At the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Wen Yinglin, the nephew of Wen Tianxiang, took his two sons to live in seclusion and built wangyanlou and Fengyan temple.

In 1816 (the 21st year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty), Fenghuang Wenchang tower was built, about 20 meters high. It is the highest existing ancient tower in Bao'an.

In 1983, Fengyan temple was rebuilt.

In September 1984, Fenghuang Wenchang tower was listed as the second batch of municipal cultural relics protection units in Shenzhen.

In March 2006, the Eleventh Five Year Plan of agricultural development in Bao'an District of Shenzhen city was released, and Fenghuangshan Forest Park was listed as a key construction project in Bao'an District.

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Chinese PinYin : Feng Huang Shan