Baishuihe Nature Reserve

Baishuihe National Nature Reserve

synonym

Baishuihe nature reserve generally refers to Baishuihe National Nature Reserve

Baishuihe National Nature Reserve is located in Pengzhou City on the northwest edge of Sichuan Basin, 70 km away from Chengdu. The total area is 301.5 square kilometers. The buried position is 103 ° 41 ′ - 103 ° 57 ′ E and 31 ° 10 ′ - 31 ° 29 ′ n, belonging to forest and Wildlife Nature Reserve.

Baishuihe National Nature Reserve is the closest to Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province, to protect the giant panda and other rare wildlife and biodiversity.

Historical evolution

In 1996, Pengzhou Municipal People's Government approved the establishment of a county-level nature reserve. In 1999, Sichuan provincial government approved the establishment of provincial nature reserves.

In 2000, the work of protected areas was officially launched, the overall planning of provincial protected areas was improved, and the upgrading of protected areas was prepared

In July 2002, Baishuihe Nature Reserve was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council. In October of the same year, experts were organized to compile the master plan of Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, which was submitted to the State Forestry Administration.

In January 2003, the State Forestry Administration approved the master plan of Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, and timely compiled the feasibility study report on infrastructure construction of Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve around the master plan. In May of the same year, the feasibility study report was approved.

Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve Administration was established in November 2003.

geographical environment

landforms

Baishuihe National Nature Reserve is located in the central and southern part of Longmenshan fold belt. It is a typical geomorphic zone in the transition section from Sichuan basin to Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The terrain increases from southeast to northwest, with the lowest altitude of 1480m and the highest altitude of 4818m in taizicheng It is characterized by high mountains, steep slopes and narrow valleys. The region is one of the birthplaces of Tuojiang River, a tributary of the Yangtze River

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hydrology

Baishuihe National Nature Reserve belongs to the upper reaches of Jianjiang River in Tuojiang River system. The rivers in this area are mainly Yinchanggou, longcaogou and niuquangou. The water from more than 50 Chagou in the catchment area flows into Jianjiang River, which flows through the territory for more than 20 kilometers. According to the relevant hydrological data, the average annual flow of Jianjiang River is 26.3 m3 / s, the dry season is 2.11 m3 / S (from December to march of the next year), and the maximum flood flow is about 4490 m3 / S (from August to September) It is an important water conservation area in Chengdu Plain.

climate

Baishuihe National Nature Reserve is a subtropical humid climate zone. Due to the influence of topography and altitude, the climate has the following characteristics. The vertical differentiation of temperature is obvious, which forms the vertical climate zone of mountain area. With the altitude from low to high, the climate zones are: north subtropical zone, mountain warm temperate zone, mountain middle temperate zone, mountain cold temperate zone, mountain sub cold zone. In winter, it is mainly solid precipitation, with annual precipitation of 966.9 mm and annual evaporation of about 980 mm. The annual sunshine duration is 1300-1400 hours, and the annual frost free period is about 278 days. The extremely high temperature and the extremely low temperature are 29.8 ℃ - 5.1 ℃, the annual average temperature is 12.3 ℃, the accumulated temperature above 0 ℃ is 4000-5000 ℃, and the annual average temperature decreasing rate in mountainous area is 0.6 ℃ / 100M. The climate in the area is suitable for the growth of edible bamboo of giant panda.

Scope of protection

Baishuihe National Nature Reserve, with a total area of 30150 hectares, is located at 103 ° 41 ′ - 103 ° 57 ′ E and 31 ° 10 ′ - 31 ° 29 ′ n, belonging to forest and Wildlife Nature Reserve. The nature reserve is connected with Jiudingshan Nature Reserve in Deyang City in the East, Wenchuan County in the north and Longxi Hongkou National Nature Reserve in Dujiangyan in the West. Baishuihe nature reserve is divided into core area, buffer area and experimental area. The core area is located in the north of the nature reserve, covering an area of 17170 hectares, accounting for 56.95% of the total area of the nature reserve, mainly including Yinchanggou, Huilonggou and Daping. The buffer zone is located in the periphery of the core area, with an area of 5065 hectares, accounting for 16.8% of the total area of the reserve, mainly including Mazongling Jiufengshan niuquangou meiziling, and the belt area between the core area and the experimental area. The experimental area is located in the south of the nature reserve, covering an area of 7915 hectares, accounting for 26.25% of the total area of the nature reserve. The scope includes: the area connecting the reserve with the community and Yinchanggou Scenic Spot, including the area about 1500m between yanziyan, jingtangping and Yinchanggou and the community; the area south of Jiufengshan, Nantianmen and Jiaozishan along the ridge; the area about 1500m between niuquangou and Sanchahe along both banks of the gully; and the area about 1000m between Daping and Gangou, houbagou and guoquanyan .

Protected objects

Botany

There are 1770 species of vascular plants in 695 genera of 164 families, including 151 species of Pteridophytes in 57 genera of 25 families and 1619 species of seed plants in 638 genera of 139 families. There are abundant ancient and endemic species in the reserve, including pteridophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms, etc. There are about 22 endemic genera in China, accounting for 11.22% of the total number of endemic genera in China. Most of these endemic genera are single species and few species, such as Davidia involucrata, Lianxiang tree, shuiqingshu, xiangguoshu, chuanguoteng, dahurian vine, etc.

animal

Among the 58 species of endangered animals in the nature reserve, 25 species are mammals, accounting for 43.9% of the total number of endangered animals in Sichuan. Among them, golden monkey, golden cat, clouded leopard, otter and giant panda are endangered species. There are more than 100 species of rare and endemic vertebrates in Sichuan Province, accounting for about 36% of the endemic species in Sichuan Province. There are not only endemic species in Hengduanshan area, but also endemic species in Qinghai Tibet Plateau, subtropical species and Palaearctic species. For example, there are striped shrew, webbed musk shrew, musk deer, Apodemus agrarius, Tibetan chieftain monkey, maoguan deer, rock sheep and pine vole. Among the birds are the green tailed pheasant, the Tibetan eared pheasant and the orange winged babbler. Amphibians and reptiles include giant salamander, Sichuan dragon lizard, Yujin snake, purple gray snake, hongfo tree frog, etc. The fish species include Chengdu fish, Pengxian fish, Qikou fish, Qingshi fish and Zhuang fish. Among them, Chengdu fish and Pengxian fish bones are only distributed in Jianjiang River of Pengxian county. They are endemic to Pengzhou and are rare and endangered.

Management status

In 2001, Baishuihe National Nature Reserve established the first protection station (Zhongba Protection Station). With the upgrading of the nature reserve to the national level in 2002, the state has invested in the infrastructure construction of the nature reserve, speeding up the pace of the construction of the nature reserve. In the nature reserve, the administration office building, Daping protection station, donglinsi protection station, wangjiaping protection station, environmental education and publicity Center and an ecological positioning monitoring station have been built. And the office and wild patrol equipment of the administration and the grass-roots protection stations have been improved. In the construction of field facilities, we have completed the production and setting of boundary posts, boundary plates, patrol roads, fire prevention towers and field billboards.

In 2004, the management plan of Sichuan Baishuihe National Nature Reserve (2004-2007) was compiled by the staff of the reserve, and the construction plan of the reserve up to 2007 was formulated. According to the management plan of the reserve, various management systems of the reserve have been established and improved. 47 management measures and work systems have been formulated for each department, office and station, and performance assessment methods and standards have been formulated for protection stations. Work incentive mechanism and mobile red flag management mode have been tried out in internal, field and comprehensive fields. The post responsibility system of each department, office and station has been compiled into a volume, and the system of each department, office and station is required to be put on the wall to implement standardized management.

Protection value

The reserve is located in the transition zone from Sichuan basin to Western Sichuan Plateau, with complex and diverse terrain, intact forest vegetation, beautiful natural landscape and rich biodiversity. The flora is located at the intersection of China Japan forest flora and China Himalayan forest flora. The fauna is characterized by the transition from East Asia plain to Qinghai Tibet Plateau. There are about 10 giant pandas in the reserve, with a habitat area of nearly 10000 hectares. The reserve is the southernmost part of the distribution of giant panda population B in Minshan Mountain. It connects Jiudingshan, Longxi Hongkou and other giant panda reserves geographically, connecting the giant panda habitats in the southern part of Minshan Mountain system. It plays an important role in promoting gene exchange among giant panda populations and stabilizing and developing giant panda population. The nature reserve is also one of the birthplaces of Tuojiang River, an important tributary of the Yangtze River. It is of great scientific value and strategic significance in conserving water resources, soil and water conservation, protecting rare wildlife and biodiversity, and maintaining ecological balance around Chengdu and downstream areas.

Address: Pengzhou, Chengdu

Longitude: 103.86207

Latitude: 31.3020

Chinese PinYin : Bai Shui He Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu